synaptic plasticity

Question 1

transient memory and easily disruptable

Answer 1

short term

Question 2

permanent memory

Answer 2

long term

Question 3

starts with sensory input but if unattended it is lost

Answer 3

sensory memory

Question 4

a record in the nervous system of events in the physical world that lead to changes in behavior

Answer 4

learning

Question 5

learning has an outcome which is

Answer 5

memory

Question 6

a rapid increase in synaptic strength that occurs when two or more AP invade the presynaptic terminal

Answer 6

facilitation

Question 7

an activity dependent form of short term synapytic plasticity that enhances synaptic transmission over a time course

Answer 7

potentiation

Question 8

short term decrease in synaptic strength resulting from the depeltion of synaptic vessicles at active synapses

Answer 8

depression

Question 9

an activity dependent from of short term synaptic plasticity that enhances synaptic transmission over time

Answer 9

augmentation

Question 10

facilitation: 2 presynapic AP elicit 2 ESPSs, the second is larger than the first, more Ca2+ enters from both AP which leads to increase in

Answer 10

NT

Question 11

potentiation: high freq. stim. : tetanus which is delivered to presynaptic neurons which causes what in postsynaptic neuron

Answer 11

potentiation that persists for a few minutes

Question 12

low freq. stimulation leads to a reduction in post synaptic activity which is

Answer 12

depression

Question 13

long term potentiation leads to long term changes in ____ ___ and strength of synaptic connections

Answer 13

protein levels

Question 14

perforant pathways bring information from the entorhinal cortex into

Answer 14

dentate gyrus —> CA3 —> CA1

Question 15

changes in ____ ___ pathwya have been associated with long term memory

Answer 15

schaeffer collateral

Question 16

higher responses of collaterals stimulated by high freq. stimulus and EPSP are enhanced for a long period after stimulation

Answer 16

Long term potentiation

Question 17

stimulating pre and post synaptic causes AP that superimposes on EPSP- induces ___

Answer 17

LTP

Question 18

stimulating the post synaptic neuron before pre causes ___

Answer 18

LTD

Question 19

cells that fire together, wire together

Answer 19

hebbs rule

Question 20

delivery of the stimulus to any of the pathways of the ____ will result in increase in EPSPs

Answer 20

hippocampus

Question 21

what has to happen for NMDA receptor to be activated

Answer 21

1.) activation of AMPA receptor: magnesium released because of depolarization

2.) glutamate has to be present in synaptic cleft (to bind to NMDA)

Question 22

LTP increases glutamate response of a dendritic spine due to an increase in ___ on spine

Answer 22

AMPA

Question 23

glutamatergic synapses that have NMDAR but not AMPAR at plasma membrane

Answer 23

silent synapses

Question 24

LTP increases ____ on plasma membrane

Answer 24

AMDAR

Question 25

LTP can also increase the ability of presynaptic terminals to release

Answer 25

glutamate

Question 26

treatment with an ____ of protein synthesis causes LTP to decay within a few hours

Answer 26

inhibitor

Question 27

LTP activation sequence

Answer 27

NMDA activation —> influx of Ca
Ca activates calmodulin
calmodulin regulates CaMKII
CAMK activates PKA
PKA activates CREB (transcription factor; binds to DNA))
CREB activates
ubiquitin ligase (increase transcription factors)

Question 28

CREB regulates __ ___ and ___ which are transcription factors; (cause second wave of gene expression regulates genes important for synaptic plasticity)

Answer 28

EGR c-fos and C-BPG

Question 29

only synapses that are active will have activated _____ (more translation, proteins and growth)

Answer 29

CPEB