Symptoms in the pharmacy - Pain Flashcards
1
Q
Pain
A
- Unpleasent sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage
2
Q
Analgesic
A
- Medicine to reduce pain
3
Q
Paracetamol
A
- Reduces produtction of prostaglandin in brain and spinal cord
- Safe for pregnancy and breast feeding
- Caulate dose based on mg/kg
4
Q
Parcetamol suspension
A
- 2 months for most immunisation pyrexia
- > 3 months for fever and pain
5
Q
Paracetamol tablet
A
- Not licenced for children under the age of 10 years choking hazard
6
Q
Caution for paracetamol
A
- People with liver and kidney disfunction
- Warfarin interaction increase interaction
- Overdose - nausea and vomiting could cause liver failure
7
Q
Anti-inflammatory
NSAID
A
- Iboprofen
- Asprin
- Naproxen
8
Q
Mechanism for Iboprofen
A
- Inhibit prostioglandin synthesis reversibly inhibiting COX enzymes
- COX-1 produces PG melps maintain gastic mucosal integrety and irritated blood clotting
- COX-2 produces PG that mediates pain and inflammation
9
Q
NSAID may not be suitable
A
- Asthma
- Kidney imparement
- Cardiovasular disease
- ## Previous stomach ulcer
10
Q
Contraindications of NSAID
A
- Hypertensitivity
- Active peptic ulceration or gastric bleeding
- Pregnacy of 30 weeks
- Brestfeeding
11
Q
Codine
A
- Is not licenced as a single medicine must be combined
- Tolerance and dependance max of 3 days
- 8mg/500mg codine and paracetamol
12
Q
Codine structure
A
- Activates and binds to Mu opioid receptor in the brain
- Metabolised by liver enzymes
- Pro-medication broken down to morphine
13
Q
Side effects of codine
A
- Constipation
- Nausea and drowsiness
- Contrindication pregnancy
14
Q
Caffine
A
- Increases absorbtion and stimulates the analgisiac
15
Q
Antihistamines
A
Antihistamines act as muscle relaxant help with sleep
16
Q
Primary
Dysmenorrhoea
A
- 6 to 12 months after first period
- 1-3 days of menstration
- Prostioglandin production vasopressin
17
Q
Secondary
Dysmenorrhoea
A
- Endometriosis
- Utrine fibrodis
- More severe bleeding
18
Q
When do you refer
A
- Fracture and dislocation
- nubness
- Inability to move
19
Q
PRICE
A
- Protection
- Rest
- Ice
- Compression
- Elevation
20
Q
Sprain and strain
A
- Cold products 28-72 hours after injury
- Paracetamol and topical NSAID is the first line of treatment
21
Q
Risk factors for sprains
A
- Fitness
- Weight
- Mental Health
- Job related activities
- Smoking
22
Q
Sciatica
A
- Irritation or compression of sciatic nerve
23
Q
Treatment Sciatica
A
- Moving and exercise exercise program
- Unlikely to have effect of eradicating pain with analgisiac
24
Q
Management for lower back pain
A
- Naproxen and iboprofen antinflammatory according to NICE guidelines
25
Back pain red flags
- Major trauma
- Minor trauma could be fracture
- Age bacterial infection immunosupression - could be tumor
26
# Treatment
Osteoartheritis
- Paracetamol or topical NSAID
- Concider oral NSAID simple analgisiac
- Concider weak opioid codine when required if NSAIDS are not effective
- Weight management
27
Medication Overuseheadache
- Effect of medication wears off after use
- headache for >15 and overuse would be 3 months
- Opiods >10 days concider overuse
28
Migrane Aura
- Warning signal before migrane
- Visual disterbances pre warning sign
29
Primary Dysmenorrhoea
- Pain without underlying causes
- Manage in community pharmacy
30
Secondary Dysmenorrhoea
Pain with underlying disease, e.g.
endometriosis or pelvic inflammatory disease
31
Meningitis
- Could be caused by bacteria or virus adverse effect
- Fever cold hands and feet not everyone gets a rash
- Pale rash non blanche
- Stiff neck
