Social and Behavioural Sciences Flashcards
5 waves of public health
- Culture of health
- Social determinants of health
- Lifestyle related disease (clinical)
- Biomedical antibiotics and early vaccines
- Structural clear water and sewers
Population
- Group of people with the same shared characteristics
- Shared social and environmental influence
How can pharmacists adress social and behavioural issues
- Culturally competent
- Promoting diversity in the pharmacy workforce
- Providing assistance to patients.
Screening
Targeted to unique needs of a community; an example is screening for HIV
Social determinants
Conditions in which individuals are born, live, work, learn, play, and age that affect health, risks, functioning, and outcomes
Examples of SDOH
- Economic stability
- Education, social and community context
- Health care accessibility environment
Area of social discriminants in health
Economic stability
- Connection between finantial resources and health
Area of social discriminants in health
Neigbourhood and built environment
- Connection between residential location and health
Area of social discriminants in health
Social and community context
- Connection between health and how patiens learn work and play
Area of social discriminants in health
Healthcare acess and quality
- Connection between health and acess to care insurance coverage and insurace literacy
Area of social discriminants in health
Education acess and quality
- Connection between health and education
Effect of those that have a lower lower socioeconomic backgrounds
Higher exposure to risk factors for certain diseases
Housing instability
Poorer reported health and disproportionately affects Black and Hispanic households more than Whites based on rent cost burdens
Lack of adequate nutrition
Have adverse effects on growth and development throughout life but more specifically during pregnancy and childhood
Role of in adressing SDOH
- Influence outcomes associated with SDOH through screening and intervention methods that focus on medication adherence and addressing social barriers
Covid-19 preventative measures
- Social distancing that included mandatory wearing of face masks
- limiting of contacts outside of one’s household home-working and testing and tracing methods
Social and psycological factors in ethnic minorities
Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic (BAME) groups are disproportionately affected by COVID-19
Preventive behaviours Covid-19
- Higher rates of infection and fatality in BAME than in White British people.
- Socio-economic status, living conditions and educational attainment or greater occupational exposure to the virus
- BAME people were more likely than White people to find it difficult to follow restrictions put in place by the government and that they were less likely to say that information about coronavirus was very clear
Factors predicting preventive behaviours
- Perceived own risk of COVID-19 infection
- Fear of COVID-19; and awareness of CPB guidance and trust in the source of that guidance
Tobacco control
- Reduction of tobacco and smoking related diseases
Tobacco control intervention
- Informing the population of the risks
- Providing evidence-based stop smoking services to support people attempting to go smoke free
- Providing a national accessible training programme for practitioners
- Increasing tobacco taxes
- Banning advertising
- Banning smoking in public places and indoors
- Requiring plain packaging.
Pharmacists tobacco control intervention
- No Smoking Day
- Stoptober
- Brief opportunistic advice from pharmacists provision of stop-smoking suppor
Obesity Control
Preventative population level approaches
- Soft drinks industry levy, improving the nutrient content of food and drink at the point of purchase
Obesity Control
Curative secondary prevention services
Family and adult weight management services
