Sympathomimmetics and Adrenergic Antagonists Flashcards
Direct-acting nonselective sympathomimmetic used for neurogenic shock and LAST RESORT for cardiogenic shock
Norepinephrine
SE: extreme vasospasm, tissue necrosis, arrhythmia, REFLEX BRADYCARDIA
Direct-acting nonselective sympathomimmetic used as TOC for cardiac arrest, anaphylaxis, asthma, COPD and hemostasis
Epinephrine
Direct-acting nonselective sympathomimmetic used for cardiogenic shock and heart failure
Dopamine
SE: CVS disturbance, arrhythmias
Dose-dependent actions of Dopamine
Low-dose: 1-5 mcg/kg/min - increased UO due to increased renal blood flow -> D1 receptor
Medium-dose: 5-15 mcg/kg/min - inc renal blood flow, HR, cardiac contractility and CO via BETA 1
High-dose: >15 mcg/kg/min - vasoconstriction and inc BP via ALPHA rec.
Beta nonselective sympathomimmetic used for asthma
Isoproterenol
Selective Alpha1 agonist used as decongestant, drug-induced hypotension and spinal shock
SE: REBOUND HYPERTENSION
Phenylephrine
SimD: Pseudoephedrine
Unlike Atropine, it causes mydriasis w/o cycloplegia
Alpha2 selective sympathomimmetic antihyoertensive drug known to cause REBOUND HYPERTENSION
Clonidine
Treat REBOUND HPN with Phentolamine
Alpha2 selective sympathomimmetic used as TOC for preeclampsia
Methyldopa
SE: hemolytic anemia with positive Coomb’s test
Alpha2 selective sympathomimmetic used for glaucoma
Apraclonidine
SimD: Brimonidine
Beta1 selective sympathomimmetic used as TOC for acute HF and cardiogenic shock
Dobutamine
Used in cardiac stress testing
Beta2 selective sympathomimmetic used as TOC for acute asthma attacks
Albuterol/Salbutamol
May precititate arrhythmias in px wd concurrent COPD and heart dse
Beta2 selective sympathomimmetic used as TOC for preterm labor
Terbutaline and Ritodrine
Alpha nonselective adrenergic antagonist used as presurgical TOC for Pheochromocytoma
Forming covalent bond with Alpha receptors
Phenoxybenzamine
SE: Orthostatic hypotension, reflex tachycardia
Alpha nonselective adrenergic antagonist used as antidote to a1 agonist overdose, REBOUND HYPERTENSION and as presurgical Tx for Pheochromocytoma
Phentolamine
SE: Orthostatic hypotension, reflex tachy
A1 selective adrenergic antagonist used as TOC for BPH
Prazosin
SimD: Doxazosin, TERAZOSIN, TAMSULOSIN, Silodosin
A1 selective adrenergic antagonist used as Tx for BPH which is the most SELECTIVE to prostate smooth muscle
Tamsulosin
Pharmacologic advantage of alpha1 selectivity
Reflex tachycardia is less common and less severe
Beta nonselective sympathomimmetic/agonist which sounds like a Beta blocker
Isoproterenol
I SOrry! Akala ko Beta blocker ka!
Beta nonselective adrenergic antagonist used as TOC for angina prophylaxis and hypertension
Propanolol
SimD: pindolol, timolol, labetalol, carvedilol
Beta nonselective adrenergic antagonist that can be used on hypertensive asthmatic patients bec it is less likely to cause bronchospasm
Intrinsic Sympathomimmetic Activity
Pindolol
Beta1 selective adrenergic antagonist:
Acetabulol
ISA PA! Isa pang chicken joy!
Int. Sympatho. Act. Pindolol Acetabulol
Beta nonselective adrenergic antagonist that has a combined alpha and beta blockade
Carvedilol and LABetalol
Beta nonselective adrenergic antagonist that is useful in glaucoma patients bec unlike other beta blockers, they lack local anesthetic activity
Timolol
Beta1 selective adrenergic antagonist:
Betaxolol
Beta nonselective adrenergic antagonist that has the longest half-life
NADOlol
NAsa DOlo
Beta1 selective adrenergic antagonist used for angina, HPN, HF and SVT withless chance of bronchospasm
Atenolol
SimD: Betaxolol, Esmolol, Acetabulol, Metoprolol
SVT: Esmolol ONLY
Beta1 selective adrenergic antagonist used for SVT
Esmolol
Beta1 selective adrenergic antagonist witthe shortest half-life
Esmolol
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor commonly used for glaucoma
Acetazolamide
MOA: dec secretion of aqueous humor from the ciliary epithelium
Target BP for antihypertensive patients
No comorbids <130/80
Thiazide diuretic used as TOC/first line Tx for Stage 1 hypertension
Acts on DCT
Hydrochlorothiazide
SimD: Chlorthalidone, Indapamide, Metolazone
SE: hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis, dilutional hyponatremia, potassium wasting, hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, hyperuricemia
Loop diuretic used for HF, pulmonary edema, HPN and ARF
Acts on THICK ASCENDING LIMB OF LOOP OF HENLE
Furosemide
SimD: Bumetanide, Torsemide, Ethacrynic acid
Low Ca, Low Mg
Time it takes for Furosemide to take effect, expect UO
6 hours
Brand Name: LaSIX
CNS sympathetic outflow blocker used for hypertension with known AE of REBOUND HYPERTENSION
Clonidine
Treat REBOUND HPN with Phentolamine
Alpha2 selective sympathomimmetic and CNS sympathetic outflow blocker used as TOC for preeclampsia
Methyldopa
SE: hemolytic anemia with positive Coomb’s test
