Drugs for Anemia and Hematopoietic Growth Factors

Question 1

Hematopoietic growth factor used as DOC for IDA and commonly used as Iron supplement

AE: Black stools (obscure acute GI loss)

Answer 1

Ferrous Sulfate

SimD: ORAL: Fe gluconate, Fe fumarate
IV: Iron Dextran, iron sucrose, sodium ferric gluconate complex

Question 2

AE of iron overdose

Answer 2

Acute overdose: necrotizing gastroenteritis, abd pain, bloody diarrhea, shock, lethargy, dyspnea
COMMON IN CHILDREN

Chronic iron overload: hemochromatosis, organ failure, death

Question 3

Antidote for acute iron intoxication

Answer 3

Deferroxamine

Question 4

State of chronic iron overload that damages the organs that store excess iron (heart, liver, pancreas) usually caused by frequent transfusions and inherited abnormality of iron absorption

Answer 4

Hemochromatosis

TRIAD: Cirrhosis, T2DM, Skin pigmentation -> thalassemia

Question 5

Treatment for Hemochromatosis

Answer 5

Phlebotomy

Chronic admin. of Deferoxamine or Deferasirox

Question 6

Heavy metal chelator used in acute iron poisoning and hemochomatosis not adeq treated by phlebotomy

Answer 6

Defroxamine

SimD: Deferasirox

Question 7

Difference between Vit B12 deficiency and Folic acid deficiency

Answer 7

Vit. B12 deficiency = megaloblastic anemia + neurologic defects (ataxic gait, impaired vibratory and position sense, vibratory sense spasticity)

Folic acid deficiency = megaloblastic anemia + neural tube defects

Question 8

Treatment for megaloblastic anemia sec to Vit. B12 deficiency

Answer 8

Exogenous folic acid

Neurologic defects, however, are NOT corrected.

Question 9

Hematopoietic growth factor used in Vit. B12 deficiency and megaloblastic anemia (pernicious anemia, gastric resection)

Answer 9

Cyanocobalamin

SimD: Hydroxycobalamin

Question 10

Site of absorption of Vit. B12 and Folic Acid

Answer 10

Vit. B12: distal ileum with the aid of intrinsic factor

Folic acid: proximal jejunum

Question 11

Hematopoietic growth factor used in megaloblastic anemia and prevention of NTDs (spina bifida)

Answer 11

Folic acid

SimD: Folacin, Folinic Acid

Question 12

Hematopoietic growth factor used for anemia, chronic renal failure, HIV, cancer and prematurity
Also used as PERFORMANCE-enhancing drug in ATHLETES (prohibited use)

Answer 12

Epoietin Alfa

SimD: Darbepoietin Alfa, Methoxypolyethylene glycol - Epoietin Beta

Hgb levels maintaned <12g/dL

Question 13

Myeloid growth factor used in neutropenia assoc with chemotherapy, myelodysplasia and aplastic anemia

AE: bone pain

Answer 13

Filgastrim

SimD: Sagramogastrim, Pegfilgastrim

Question 14

Megakaryocyte growth factor used in thrombocytopenia for patients undergoing cytotoxic chemotherapy

Answer 14

Oprelvekin

SimD: Thrombopoietin