Surgical Terminology Flashcards
Approaches: Open
through skin/ mucous membrane/ other body layers to get to procedure site; ex. abdominal hysterectomy
Approaches: percutaneous
Entry, by puncture or minor incision, of instrumentation through the skin or mucous membrane and/or any other body layers necessary to reach the site of the procedure
ex. needle biopsy of the liver, liposuction
Approaches: percutaneous endoscopic
Entry, by puncture or minor incision, of instrumentation through the skin or mucous membrane and/or any other body layers necessary to reach and visualize the site of the procedure
Ex. Arthroscopy or laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Approaches: via natural or artificial opening
entry through natural or artificial external opening; ex. Foley catheter placement
Approaches: via natural or artificial opening endoscopic
endoscope used through natural or artificial external opening to reach and visualize site of procedure; ex. transurethral cystoscopy with removal of a bladder stone
Approaches: via natural or artificial opening with percutaneous endoscopic assistance
entry through natural or artificial external opening AND entry to the site made by puncture or natural incision with use of endoscope; ex. laparoscopic-assisted vaginal hysterectomy (LAVH)
Approaches: external
performed on the integument or mucous membrane and procedures performed inderectly by the application of external force through the skin or mucous membrane; ex. closed reduction of a fracture, resection of the tonsils
destruction
Physical eradication of all or a portion of a body part by the direct use of energy, force or a
destructive agent
ex. dermabrasion, ablation of a lung tumor, fulguration of rectal polyp, cautery of skin lesions
replacement
always involves a device that is put in or on to physically take the place or function of all or part of a body part; device must remain in place after procedure is completed; ex. skin graft
dilation
expands an orifice or lumen of a tubular body part
ex. endoscopic stent, dilation of the esophagus, percutaneous transluminal angioplasty, pyloromyotomy
restriction
partially closing an orifice or lumen of a tubular body part
ex. gastroesophageal fundoplication, laparoscopic gastric banding, cervical cerclage
drainage
taking or letting out of fluids and/or gases from a body part; ex. thoracentesis
excision
cuts off our out a portion of a body part without replacement; ex. lumpectomy
resection
cuts off or out all of a body part without replacement; ex. removing entire lymph node chain, total nephrectomy, total lobectomy of lung
extraction
Definition: Pulling or stripping out or off all or a portion of a body part by the use of force
Explanation: The qualifier DIAGNOSTIC is used to identify extraction procedures that are biopsies
Examples: Dilation and curettage, vein stripping
division
cutting into a body part without drawing fluids and or gases in order to SEPARATE or transect a body part; ex. osteotomy and spinal cordotomy
release
freeing a body part from an abnormal physical constraint by cutting or by the use of force
ex. carpal tunnel release procedure, adhesiolysis
detachment
cutting off all or part of the upper or lower extremities without replacement; ex. above-knee amputation of distal femur, fifth toe ray amputation and above-elbow amputation
fusion
joining articular body parts together to make the body part immobile, using a fixation device, bone graft, or other means
ex. spinal fusions and ankle arthrodesis
reattachment
putting back in or on all or a portion of a separated body part to its normal location or other suitable location; ex reattaching an avulsed ear or an amputated finger
reposition
move all or a portion of a body part to its normal location or other suitable location. The body part may or may not be cut out or off
to be moved to the new location
ex. orchiopexy, fracture reduction
change
taking out or off a device form a body part and putting back an identical or similar device in or on the same body part without cutting or puncturing the skin or a mucous membrane; ex. urinary catheter change
fragmentation
breaking solid matter in a body part to pieces; physical force is applied directly or indirectly; ex. extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL) and transurethral lithotripsy
inspection
visually and/or manually exploring a body part; ex. digital rectal examination (DRE)
alteration
modifying the natural anatomic structure of a body part without affecting the function; to improve appearance; ex. breast augmentation, face lift, abdominoplasty, rhinoplasty
creation
defined as making a new genital structure that does not physically take place of the body part; ex. penis creation for FTM
occlusion
completely closing an orifice or the lumen of a tubular body part. The orifice can be a natural orifice or an artificially created orifice
ex. fallopian tube ligation, ligation of inferior vena cava
transfer
defined as moving without taking out, all, or a portion of a body part to another location to take over the function of all or a portion of a body part; ex. transverse rectus abdominis muscle (TRAM) flap reconstruction
extirpation
taking or cutting out solid matter within a body part; used when there is a substance contained within a small area that can be scooped out without removing the entire body part; ex. thrombectomy
removal
removing, or taking out a device in or on a body part. If a device is taken out and a similar device put in without cutting or puncturing the skin or
mucous membrane, the procedure is coded to the root operation CHANGE.
ex. removal of pancreatic drain
repair
restoring the body part to its normal structure. Used only when the method to accomplish the repair is not one of the other root operations
ex. thymoplasty, colostomy takedown, suture of laceration
transplantation
puts in a living body part from a person or animal into another person; ex. kidney transplant
control
ex. control bleeding
bypass
altering the route of passage of the contents of a tubular body part; ex. coronary artery bypass graft (CABG)
mapping
locating the route of passage of electrical impulses and/or locating functional areas in a body part. Applicable only to the cardiac conduction mechanism and the central nervous system
ex. cardiac mapping, cortical mapping, cardiac electrophysiological study, and intraoperative cardiac mapping
supplement
putting in or on biologic or synthetic material that physically reinforces and/or augments the function of a portion of a body part; ex. HELEX septal occluder
insertion
putting in a non-biological appliance that monitors, assists, performs, or prevents a physiological function but does not physically take the place of a body part;
ex. insertion of pacemakers, radioactive implants, or central venous catheters
revision
correcting, to the extent possible, a malfunctioning or displaced device
ex. adjustment of the position of the pacemaker lead, recementing of hip prosthesis
