Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Med Term > Module 11 Male Reproductive System > Flashcards

Module 11 Male Reproductive System Flashcards

1
Q

tunica vaginalis

A

serous membrane that covers each testis; has an outer parietal layer and an inner visceral layer separated by serous fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

testosterone

A

major androgen produced by the interstitial cells of the testes; sustains mail reproductive tract, stimulates spermatogenesis, inhibits secretion of female hormones at age 65, stimulates the development of puberty, enlarges the spermatic ducts and accessory glands, stimulates a burst of growth at puberty, stimulates erythropoiesis, and stimulates the brain to increase libido in the male

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

spermatic cord

A

artery, plexus of veins, nerves, a thin muscle, and the ductus (vas) deferens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

spermatogenesis

A

process in which the germ cells of the seminiferous tubules mature and divide (mitosis) and then undergo two divisions call meiosis; the 4 daughter cells differentiate into spermatids and then spermatozoa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

meiosis

A

two rapid cell divisions, resulting in half the number of chromosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

mitosis

A

cell division to create two identical cells, each with 46 chromosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

seminiferous tubule

A

coiled tubes in the testes that produce sperm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

cryptorchism

A

occurs when a testis fails to descent into the scrotum by 12 months; if not fixed by 2yo the male will be sterile; ICD-10 root operation is reposition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

testicular torsion

A

twisting of a testis on its spermatic cord; occurs in men between puberty and 25yo; in half the cases it starts in bed at night; the testis will die in around 6 hours unless the blood supply is restored

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

varicocele

A

condition in which the veins in the spermatic cord become dilated and tortuous as varicose veins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

hydrocele

A

collection of excess fluid in the space between the visceral and parietal layers of the tunica vaginalis of the testis; most common in newborn babies and resolves itself within the first year

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

testicular cancer

A

most common in men younger than 40; 40% are seminomas the other 60 % (nonseminomas) occur in different combinations of choriocarcinoma, embryonal cell, and teratoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

choriocarcinoma

A

highly malignant cancer in a testis or ovary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

rete testis

A

network of tubules between the seminiferous tubules and the epididymis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

functions of seminal fluid

A

provide nutrients to sperm as they are in the urethra and female reproductive tract, neutralize acid secretions, provide hormones (prostaglandins), provide the fluid vehicle in which sperm can swim

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

prostate gland’s secretions include:

A

citric acid (nutrient for sperm) an antibiotic that combats UTIs, clotting factors, and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) an enzyme that helps liquefy the sticky mass following ejaculation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

hypogonadism

A

deficient gonad production of sperm, eggs, or hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

prepuce

A

aka foreskin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Peyronie disease

A

marked curvature of the erect penis caused by fibrous tissue; etiology unknown; no treatment

20
Q

Priapism

A

persistent, painful erection when blood cannot escape from the erectile tissue; can be caused by drugs’, blood clots, or spinal cord injury

21
Q

balanitis

A

infection of the glans and foreskin with bacteria or yeast; treatment includes washing foreskin and glans

22
Q

phimosis

A

condition in which the foreskin is tight because of a small opening and cannot be retracted over the glans for cleaning

23
Q

chancre

A

primary lesion of syphilis

24
Q

condyloma

A

warty growth on external genitalia

25
Q

epispadias

A

condition in which the urethral opening is on the dorsum of the penis

26
Q

DRE

A

digital rectal examination; lubricated, gloved finger is inserted into the rectum; in men it checks for issues of the prostate gland

27
Q

orchiopexy

A

surgical procedure to move an undescended testicle

28
Q

TURP

A

transurethral resection of the prostate; used to treat BPH

29
Q

brachytherapy

A

radiation therapy in which the source of irradiation is implanted in the tissue to be treated

30
Q

Cowper glands

A

two pea-shaped structures that provide alkaline fluid for sperm viability

31
Q

anorchidism

A

where the male has a congenital absence of one or both testes; AKA anorchia or anarchism

32
Q

benign prostatic hyperplasia

A

BPH; mostly seen in elderly males; enlarged or engorged prostate gland that is detected by DRE; can cause difficulty with urination

33
Q

fluctuance

A

a tense area of skin with a wave-like or boggy feeling upon palpation; contains pus which has accumulated beneath the epidermis

34
Q

Erectile Dysfunction

A

ED; male has repeated inability to initate or maintain an erection due to anything impairing blood flow to the penis

35
Q

hypogonadism

A

male has a decrease or lack of testosterone; causes decreased function of the sex gland, an increased risk of infertility and an increased risk of osteoporosis

36
Q

hypospadias

A

congenital anomaly where urethral opening is on the underside of the penis or perineum; six types named according to their location along the penile shaft

37
Q

phimosis

A

stenosis (narrowing) of the preputial orifice so that the foreskin cannot be retracted over the glans penis; can cause a lack of blood flow causing penile tissue to die and increases the risk for orchitis, prostatitis, or a UTI; may require surgery

38
Q

paraphimosis

A

is where the foreskin has been moved behind the head of the penis and cannot be placed back over the glans penis; may require surgery

39
Q

prostate cancer

A

affects more than 10% of men over 50 and incidence is increasing; almost all prostate cancers develop from the gland cells (the cells that make the prostate fluid that is added to the semen); adenocarcinoma is most common type of prostate cancer

40
Q

risk factors for prostate cancer

A

age: risk rises rapidly after 50; occurs more often in African-American men; family history

41
Q

prostate cancer signs and symptoms

A

dysuria, hematuria, nocturia, and hesitancy; sometimes ED and painful ejaculation; symptoms (if present) typically associated with the urinary tract; hip or back pain possibly present in advanced stages

42
Q

prostate cancer: treamtnet

A

prostatectomy, radiation therapy, chemotherapy

43
Q

STDs

A

collectively the single, most significant cause of reproductive disorders

44
Q

albumin/o

A

albumin, protein

45
Q

azot/o

A

nitrogenous compounds

46
Q

dia-

A

through, across

Med Term (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions