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Med Term > Module 14 Special Senses > Flashcards

Module 14 Special Senses Flashcards

1
Q

Otitis media

A

inflammation of the middle ear possibly caused by bacteria or virus; could be acute or chronic; treatment: antibiotics, analgesics, myringotomy (needle aspiration to drain built-up fluid), and surgery

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2
Q

cataract

A

opacity or clouding of the crystalline lens or its surrounding membrane of the eyeball; unilateral or bilateral; occur as part of the aging process; treatment: glasses, phacoemulsification (surgery

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3
Q

opthalmologists

A

MDs in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the eye

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4
Q

optician

A

licensed to make corrective lenses, adjust and repair spectacles, and fit contacts

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5
Q

otologist

A

medical specialists in diseases of the ear

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6
Q

otorhinolaryngologists

A

MDS in diseases of the ear, nose, and throat (ENT)

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7
Q

conjuctiva

A

inner lining of the eyelids

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8
Q

orbit

A

the bony socket that holds the eyeball

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9
Q

photophobia

A

fear of the light because it hurts the eyes

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10
Q

hordeolum

A

aka stye

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11
Q

chalazion

A

small, painless, localized, whitish swelling inside the lid when a tarsal gland becomes blocked

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12
Q

blepharitis

A

multiple eyelash follicles and tarsal glands become infected; usually staphylococcal

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13
Q

dacryostenosis

A

blockage of the drainage of tears, usually due to narrowing of the nasolacrimal ducts

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14
Q

dacryocystitis

A

infection of the lacrimal sac with swelling and pus at the medial corner of the eye

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15
Q

ptosis

A

upper eyelid is constantly drooped over the eye due to paresis of the muscle that raises the upper lid

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16
Q

stereopsis

A

three-dimensional perception

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17
Q

strabismus

A

a turning of an eye away from its normal position due to eye and brain not cooperating

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18
Q

esotropia

A

eye turned in toward the nose

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19
Q

exotropia

A

outward turning of one eye

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20
Q

ambylopia

A

“lazy eye”; failure or incomplete development of the pathways of vision to the brain

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21
Q

sclera

A

fibrous outer covering of the eyeball and the white of the eye

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22
Q

cornea

A

dome-shaped membrane on the front of the eye

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23
Q

sphincter pupillae muscle

A

opens and closes the pupil dictating how much light is let in

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24
Q

ciliary body

A

muscles that make the lens of the eye thicker and thinner

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25
Q

iris

A

colored portion of the eye with the pupil in its center

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26
Q

lens

A

transparent refractive structure behind the iris

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27
Q

retina

A

light-sensitive lining at the back of the eye; has 130mil rods which perceive only light and 6.5mil cones which are activated by light and color and have precise visual acuity

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28
Q

aqueous humor

A

watery liquid in the anterior and posterior chamber of the eye

29
Q

fovea centralis

A

small pit in the center of the macula that has the highest visual acuity

30
Q

macula lutea

A

yellowish spot on the back of the retina; contains the fovea centralis

31
Q

photoreceptor

A

a photoreceptor cell receives light and converts it into electrical impulses

32
Q

uvea

A

middle coat of eyeball; includes iris, ciliary body, and choroid

33
Q

visual acuity

A

sharpness and clearness of vision

34
Q

emmetropia

A

normal refractive condition of the eye

35
Q

hyperopia

A

ability to see distant objects but unable to see close objects; far-sighted

36
Q

myopia

A

ability to see close objects but unable to see distant objects; near-sighted

37
Q

presbyopia

A

difficulty in nearsighted vision occurring in middle and old age; loss of lens flexibility

38
Q

astigmatism

A

unequal curvatures of the cornea causing unequal focusing and blurred images

39
Q

tract

A

bundle of nerve fibers with a common origin and destination

40
Q

glaucoma

A

increased intraocular pressure due to aqueous humor not returning from the eye into the bloodstream

41
Q

ophthalmia neonatorum

A

conjunctivitis of the newborn

42
Q

peripheral vision

A

ability to see objects as they come into the outer edges of the visual field

43
Q

macular degeneration

A

degeneration of the central macula resulting in a dark blurry area of vision loss in the venter of the visual field

44
Q

leukocoria

A

reflection in pupil of white mass in the eye

45
Q

retinoblastoma

A

malignant neoplasm of primitive retinal cells

46
Q

retinopathy

A

degenerative disease of the retina

47
Q

Snellen letter chart

A

20ft away and vision is recorded as the smallest line in which the patient can read half of the letters

48
Q

Ishihara color system

A

used to check color vision

49
Q

Jaeger reading cards

A

printed in different sizes of print for testing near vision

50
Q

refractometer

A

device that measure refractive errors of the cornea

51
Q

cryopexy

A

repair of a detached retina by freezing it to surrounding tissue

52
Q

fundus

A

part furthest from the opening of a hollow organ; ex. retina in eye

53
Q

in situ

A

in the correct place

54
Q

keratomileusis

A

surgical procedure that involves cutting and shaping the cornea

55
Q

keratotomy

A

incision in the cornea

56
Q

phacoemulsification

A

technique used to fragment the center of the lens into very tiny pieces and suck them out of the eye

57
Q

photocoagulation

A

the use of light (laser beam) to form a clot

58
Q

photoreactive

A

initiation by light of a process previously inactive

59
Q

tonometer

A

instrument for determining intraocular pressure

60
Q

trabeculectomy

A

surgical creation of passage in sclera to allow fluid to drain out of the eye

61
Q

miosis

A

contraction of the pupil

62
Q

mydriasis

A

dilation of the pupil

63
Q

otitis media

A

inflammation of the middle ear

64
Q

auricle

A

aka pinna; wing-shaped structure that directs sound waves

65
Q

otitis externa

A

infection of the lining of the external auditory canal

66
Q

otomycosis

A

fungal infection of the external ear canal

67
Q

4 parts of middle ear

A

tympanic membrane, tympanic cavity, Eustachian tube, and the ossicles

68
Q

tympanic membrane

A

aka eardrum

69
Q

ossicles

A

3: malleus, incus, and stapes

Med Term (17 decks)

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