Module 10 Musculoskeletal System Flashcards
Functions of bones:
support, protection, movement, blood formation, mineral storage and balance, detoxification
cartilage
non-vascular, firm connective tissue found mostly in joints
ligament
band of fibrous tissue connecting two structures
orthopedic
pertaining to the correction and cure of deformities and diseases of the musculoskeletal system
osteopath
practitioner of osteopathy
osteopathy
medicine practice based on maintaining the structural integrity of the musculoskeletal system
tendon
fibrous band that connects muscle to bone
factors that affect bone growth:
- genes
- nutrition
- exercise
- mineral deposition
- mineral resorption
- vitamins
- hormones
diaphysis
shaft of long bone
epiphysis
expanded area end of long bones that provides increased surface area for the attachment of ligaments and tendons
metaphysis
between diaphysis and epiphysis where bone growth occurs
cortex
outer portion of an organ
endosteum
a membrane of tissue lining the inner cavity of a long bone
epiphyseal plate
layer of cartilage between epiphysis and metaphysis where bone growth occurs
Haversian canals
vascular canals in bone
lacuna
small space or cavity within the matrix of bone
marrow
fatty, blood forming tissue in the cavities of long bones
matrix
substance that surrounds cells, is manufactured by cells, and holds them together
medulla
central portion of a structure surrounded by cortex
oseoporosis
condition in which bones become brittle, fragile, and more likely to fracture; due to more osteoclasts than osteoblasts; more common in women than men;
periosteum
strong membrane surrounding a bone
osteopenia
low bone density which can lead to osteoporosis
osteomyelitis
inflammation of an area of bone due to bacterial infection (typically staphylococcus)
osteomalacia
aka rickets in children; caused by VitD deficiency; when bones lack calcium, the become soft and flexible leading to bones becoming bowed