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SAM final > Surgery > Flashcards

Surgery Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the diagnostic findings indicates the diagnosis of urinary bladder rupture

o If the cystourethral catheterization cannot harvest urine in a traumatized patient
o If the urine is bloody obtained via cystourethral catheterization in a traumatized patients
o If the contrast leakage is confirmed by positive anterograde cystography
o If the contrast leakage is confirmed by positive retrograde cystography

A

o If the contrast leakage is confirmed by positive retrograde cystography ?

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2
Q

Which of the following statements is correct? The injuries of the tongue

o Are not to be operated o
o Mostly heal with complications
o Mostly approximated with metal clips or sutures
o Always to be regarded as contaminated

A

o Always to be regarded as contaminated

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3
Q

Which of the following layers is the first to be closed during midline laparotomy

o Rectus sheet
o Falciform ligament
o Peritoneum
o Peritoneum + rectus abdominis muscle

A

o Rectus sheet

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4
Q

In case of standing castration it is advised as

o Only open technique, with scrotal incision
o Open technique, with scrotal incision, laparoscopic removal of an abdominal cryptorchid testicle
o Open technique, with inguinal incision
o Closed technique, sutured

A

o Only open technique, with scrotal incision?

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5
Q

Which statement is correct? During nephrotomy

o The kidney is occluded via clamping both the renal artery and vein
o Renal vein is to to be occluded so that the arterial supply remains intact
o Renal artery is to be occluded so that the venous drainage remains intact
o The ureter is also occluded

A

o The kidney is occluded via clamping both the renal artery and vein

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6
Q

Which of the following therapeutic steps is to be taken first after diagnosing urethral obturation in a male dog

o Urethrohydropropulsio
o Prescrotal urethrostomy
o Scrotal urethrostomy
o Perineal urethrostomy

A

o Urethrohydropropulsio

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7
Q

Which of the following protocols is to be followed in case of acute obstruction form of Feline lower urinary tract disease

o Stabilization + perirenal urethrostomy (if unsuccessful catheterization)
o Stabilization + cystocentesis
o Stabilization + urinary bladder expression (not)
o Stabilization + urethral catheterization

A

o Stabilization + urethral catheterization

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8
Q

Which of the following procedures can be used to demonstrate urethral rupture

o Double contrast cystography
o Intravenous urography
o Excretory urethrography
o Retrograde urethrography

A

o Retrograde urethrography?

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9
Q

In which of the following breeds is the congenital cleft palate common

o French bulldog
o German shepherd c
o Yorkshire terrier
o Hungarian vizsla

A

o French bulldog

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10
Q

Which of the following statements is incorrect regarding splenic hemangiosarcoma (HSA)

o Tumorous splenectomy is to be regarded as palliative procedure
o Chemotherapy does not definitely improve the outcome
o The ruptured status of the tumor at surgery is not a negative prognostic factor
o Splenic HSA does not metastatise into the heart

A

o The ruptured status of the tumor at surgery is not a negative prognostic factor

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11
Q

Which of the followings is the least effective in German shepherd ́s perianal fistulation

o Fistulectomy
o Cyclosporine
o Prednisolone
o Conservative management

A

o Fistulectomy

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12
Q

Which statement is incorrect concerning perianal adenoma

o It is uncommon in female
o It mostly occurs in males
o It mainly originates from circumanal glands
o It originates from the anal sac in females

A

o It originates from the anal sac in females

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13
Q

Which statement is correct regarding ectopic ureter

o It may cause dysuria
o In acquired form, the incontinence is recurring
o The urinary incontinence might be combined with normal micturition episodes
o The urinary incontinence is always constant

A

o The urinary incontinence might be combined with normal micturition episodes

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14
Q

What is the major difference between midline and incisional gastropexy

o Midline gastropexy uses seromuscular pattern, whilst incisional operates with penetrating sutures
o The technique fix different areas of the stomach
o In the framework of incisional gastropexy scarification of the stomach serosa is done, unlike midline gastropexy
o Incisional gastropexy has just temporary efficacy

A

o The technique fix different areas of the stomach?

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15
Q

Which is the uppermost muscle layer to be incised during lateral thoracotomy

o Dorsal latissimus m
o Dorsal serratus m
o Ventral serratus m
o M.cutaneus trunci

A

o M.cutaneus trunci

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16
Q

Which statement is incorrect concerning acute abdominal catastrophe

o The diagnosis of acute abdomen is sufficient for surgical indication?
o The precise diagnosis of particular organ dysfunctions is necessary for surgical indication
o It definitely requires emergency care
o It is caused by morphological and/ or functional disorders of abdominal organ(s)

A

o The precise diagnosis of particular organ dysfunctions is necessary for surgical indication

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17
Q

According to Vasanjee et al Vet Surg paper (2006), which of the following liver biopsy techniques caused remarkable colleteral tissue damage

A

Laparoscopic “pinch” biopsy

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18
Q

According to Vasanjee et al Vet Surgery paper (2006) which of the following liver biopsy technique caused remarkable (more than 2 ml) bleeding

o Ligature-biopsy
o Laparoscopic “pinch” biopsy
o Needle biopsy
o None of them

A

o None of them

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19
Q

Which statement is correct?

o Clean soft tissue procedures require broad spectrum antibiotic treatment preoperatively
o Clean soft tissue procedures require first generation cephalosporins preoperatively
o Clean-contaminated soft tissue procedures require antibiotic prophylaxis
o In clean-contaminated soft tissue procedures, amoxicillin treatment is the therapy of choice

A

o Clean-contaminated soft tissue procedures require antibiotic prophylaxis

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20
Q

What is “V-Y plasty”?

o the correction of Y-U plasty
o the type of Z plasty
o the modified type of W plasty
o tension relieving plastic procedure

A

tension relieving plastic procedure

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21
Q

What does W-plasty mean?

o the correction of Y-U plasty
o the modified type of type of Y-U plasty
o the modified type of Z plasty
o scar correcting plastic procedure

A

o scar correcting plastic procedure

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22
Q

Which of the followings has got the widest indication area?

o Plastic surgery
o Cosmetic surgery
o Esthetic surgery
o Reconstructive surgery

A

o Reconstructive surgery

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23
Q

Which of the following organs is most commonly displaced/incarcerated leading to acute symptoms in case of perineal hernia

o Urinary bladder
o Small intestines
o Large intestines
o Uterus

A

o Urinary bladder

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24
Q

Which type of perineal hernia is the most common one in bitches?

o the. Lateral
o dorsal
o ventral
o perineal hernia does not exist in bitches

A

o perineal hernia does not exist in bitches

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25
Which statement is correct concerning inguinal hernia o In direct hernia: the small intestines escape to the subcutaneous space of the scrotum o The indirect inguinal hernia is more common than the direct one o Both o None
o The indirect inguinal hernia is more common than the direct one
26
Which of the following approaches is mostly recommended in case of diaphragmatic hernia repair? o Laparotomy o Lateral thoracotomy o Laparotomy + lateral thoracotomy o Sternotomy
o Laparotomy
27
Which of the following diagnostic tools is the next to be chosen in case of uncertain radiographic findings in suspected diaphragmatic hernia o Thoracocentesis o Abdominocentesis o Ultrasonography o Respiratory endoscopy
o Ultrasonography
28
Which statement is incorrect concerning diaphragmatic hernias o They take 5 to 10 % of diaphragmatic hernias o Hiatus hernia has basically 2 different forms: axial and para-esophageal o The peritoneopericardial hernia is inherited (true) o The peritoneopericardial hernia is due to the impaired development of septum transversum (true)
o They take 5 to 10 % of diaphragmatic hernias
29
Which of the following statement is incorrect regarding incisional hernia o It is an atrogenic complication o It might be suppurative o It can be prevented by Elisabethan collar in all cases o It may be caused by surgical technical error
o It can be prevented by Elisabethan collar in all cases?
30
Which of the following organs is most commonly displaced/incarcerated in case of scrotal hernia o Small intestine o Large intestine o Uterus o Urinary bladder
o Small intestine
31
Which of the following factors does not effect the success of feline perineal urethrostmy o Mucocutaneous approximation of the stroma o Transection of bulbospongious muscle o Transection of ischiocavernous muscle o Type of the suture material
o Transection of ischiocavernous muscle
32
Which statement is correct concerning inguinal hernia o In direct hernia: the small intestines escape to the subcutaneous space of the scrotum o The indirect inguinal hernia is more common than the direct one o Both o None
o The indirect inguinal hernia is more common than the direct one
33
Which approach is recommended for nasal opening in brachycephalic dogs
Ventral rhinotomy (due to lack of space dorsally)
34
Which activity is to be done first in case of pneumothorax o Thoracocentesis o Percutaneous chest drainage o Oxygenisation oThoracotomy/sternotomy/lobectomy
o Thoracocentesis
35
Which finding is incorrect about pneumonectomy cases in the retrospective multicenter study by Wavreille et al (Vet Surg 2016)? o primary lung tumors were represented in 52% of the indications o 76% of dogs and 80% of cats had postoperative respiratory complications. o the acute perioperative (less than or equal to 24h) mortality was around 10% o subacute (less than or equal to 2 weeks) postoperative mortality affected 1 dog and 2 cats
o the acute perioperative (less than or equal to 24h) mortality was around 10%
36
What does “sceletonisation” mean o Cessation of the mesenterial blood supply on the intestinal section to be resected o V-shaped excision of the mesentery o Excision of the affected intestinal section o Suturing of the V-shaped mesenteric defect
o Cessation of the mesenterial blood supply on the intestinal section to be resected
37
Which type of small intestinal obstruction has usually the poorest prognosis
o Mesenteric torsion
38
Which statement is incorrect regarding linear foreign body caused small intestinal obstruction o It may be corrected via only one gastrotomy o It usually requires multiple GI incisors o Iatrogenic perforation might be caused o Multiple GI incisions do not increase septic risk compared to single GI opening
o It may be corrected via only one gastrotomy
39
What is gastropexy?
o Surgical procedure where the stomach is sutures to abdominal wall OR Diaphragm (so it can´t twist anymore) o attaching to liver, attaching to abd wall, attaching to duodenum and one more
40
Which of the following arteries does not directly contribute to splenic blood supply o Left gastric o Left gasteoepiploic o Short gastric o Splenic
o Left gastric
41
Which factor plays crucial role in the preoperative determination of the surgical prognosis of adrenalectomy? o tumourous involvement of pancreaticoduodenal artery and vein o tumourous involvement of phrenicoabdominal artery and vein o tumourous involvement of caudal vena cava o tumourous involvement of the adrenal cortex and medulla
o tumourous involvement of caudal vena cava
42
Which disorder does NOT cause osmotic diuresis? o renal glucosuria o postobstructive diuresis o pyometra o diabetes mellitus
o pyometra
43
Which of the following conditions indicates liver lobectomy o Liver abscess o Superficial liver rupture o Cholelithiasis o Diffuse hepatomegaly
o Liver abscess
44
The most important nutritive vessel of the ventral abdominal skin is o caud supf epigastric a and v o cran supf epigastric a and v o deep iliac circumflexa a and v o supf iliac circumflexa a and v
o caud supf epigastric a and v
45
Which of the following signs has the strongest diagnostic value in intestinal intussusception o Palpation of the invaginated intestinal section o Positive contrast abdominal GI radiography o Lack of feces o Vomiting
o Palpation of the invaginated intestinal section
46
This is not true for acute abdominal diseases o The determination of the exact organ involvement is necessary for surgical indication o A diagnosis of acute abdomen is sufficient for surgical indication o Require emergency care o Morphological and functional abnormalities of the abdominal organs
o The determination of the exact organ involvement is necessary for surgical indication
47
Which of the following statements is incorrect concerning gastric foreign body o The success rate of the gastroscopic foreign body removal can be as high as 95% o The gastrotomy is a contaminated/septic procedure o Gastric foreign body may cause perforation o Oral feeding can be started 4-6 hours after gastrotomy
o The gastrotomy is a contaminated/septic procedure
48
Which of the following statements is incorrect regarding Gastric Dilatation and Volvulus (GDV) o GDV starts right after the last feeding o The GDV may be caused by dietary disorders o There is also a chronic form of GDV o GDV is usually of acute onset
o GDV starts right after the last feeding
49
Which of the following decisions is correct in case of disuse gastric necrosis during GDV surgery o Billroth I gastroduodenostomy o Partial gastrotomy o Euthanasia (because its diffuse necrosis) o Resorption and gastroplexy
o Euthanasia (because its diffuse necrosis)
50
Which is the appropriate diagnostics / therepeutics protocol for GDV? o Stabilization orogastric tubation and gastric lavage gastrcocentesis adequate narcosis surgery o stabilization and gasstrocentesis adequate narcosis orogastric tubation and gastric lavage surgery o stabilization gastric lavage gastrocentesis surgery o stabilizatzion gastrocentesis adequate narcosis surgery orogastric tubation and gastric lavage
o Stabilization orogastric tubation and gastric lavage gastrcocentesis adequate narcosis surgery
51
Which is the appropriate diagnostic/therapeutic protocol in GDV
o Stabilization and gastrocentesis-adequate narcosis-orogastric tubation and gastric lavage-surgery
52
Which of the following methods is to be chosen as first in case of foreign body caused caudal thoracic ( prediaphragmatic) oseophagal obstruction? o Pushing down the foreign body into the stomach via orogastric tubation o endoscopic removal o laparotomy+ gastrotomy+ transluminal foreign body removal o thoracotomy+ oseophagotomy
o endoscopic removal
53
Which statement is false regarding the radiography of intestinal obstructions? o The obturating object and the distended proximal intestinal loops may be seen on the radiograph at the same time o The obturating object may be seen without secondary X-ray signs on the radiograph o In certain cases the radiographic finding may be unremarkable o Contrast study is used in every case to make the diagnosis of intestinal obstruction
o Contrast study is used in every case to make the diagnosis of intestinal obstruction
54
Which statement is correct? In case of renal traumatic bleeding o The abdominocentesis is always positive (blood) o The plain abdominal radiography is usually pathognomonic o Retroperitoneal blood loss may even lead to exsanguination o Retroperitoneal blood loss may occur but usually does not lead to life threatening circulatory changes
o Retroperitoneal blood loss may even lead to exsanguination
55
How long can nasogastric tube stay for?
o 5-10 days
56
Barium-sulphate can be used for which of the following procedures o Myelography o Gastric emptying study o Retrograde cystography o Arthrography
o Gastric emptying study
57
NOT used for the surgical solution of the cleft palate: o protruding lobe plastic surgery o primer monofilament or steel wire o overlapping o network plastic
o protruding lobe plastic surgery
58
When is it advisable to infiltrate the tonsil area before tonsillectomy under general anesthesia? o By injection with adrenaline o by injection containing Lidocaine o By steroid injection o Antibiotic injection
o By injection with adrenaline
59
Tonsillectomy should not be an indication? o Chronic tonsillitis o No metastatic tonsilla tumor o Tonsil tumor giving diffuse chest attachment o Tonsil tumor giving regional lymph node metastasis
o No metastatic tonsilla tumor
60
Which of the following statements is not true for splenic hemangiosarcoma? o Tumor splenectomy can be only evaluated as palliative surgery o Chemotherapy does not significantly increase survival time o The ruptured nature of the HSA tumor does not significantly impair the prognosis o Does not form metastases in the heart
o The ruptured nature of the HSA tumor does not significantly impair the prognosis
61
Which surgical technique is the best choice for Hansen type 1 disc herniation? o Copectomy o Fenestratio o Total laminectomy o Hemilaminectoy
o Hemilaminectoy
62
Which is characteristic of Hansen- 1 type disc herniation o Typically multiplex o Mostly found in large dogs o The annulus fibrosus is completely ruptured, so the nucleus pulpus can directly compress the spinal cord prognosis doubtful o In the case of plegia, the prognosis is doubtful.
o The annulus fibrosus is completely ruptured, so the nucleus pulpus can directly compress the spinal cord prognosis doubtful
63
Which disease is an absolute surgical indication? o Acute Hansen type 1 disc prolapse with paraplegia in the absence of deep pain o Atlantoaxial instability with neck pain o Discopondylitis o Cauda equina syndrome combined with severe hip dysplasia
o Acute Hansen type 1 disc prolapse with paraplegia in the absence of deep pain
64
This is not true for acute abdominal diseases o The determination of the exact organ involvement is necessary for surgical indication o A diagnosis of acute abdomen is sufficient for surgical indication o Require emergency care o Morphological and functional abnormalities of the abdominal organs
o The determination of the exact organ involvement is necessary for surgical indication
65
The synovial fluid is determined as septic if
The WBC count is more than 40g/L, with mostly neutrophils
66
If the lactate is 6,5 mmol/l in the abdominocentesis fluid, then o Impaction is presumable o The horse had intensive exercise o Strangulation ileus is likely o It can be manages conservatively
o Strangulation ileus is likely
67
Which of the following clinical findings is not member of the diagnostic triad defining the absolute indication of surgery in case of thoracic trauma? o Skin defect on the thoracic wall o Status of the thoracic wall o Positive radiological finding of lung contusion o ARD
o Status of the thoracic wall
68
Which statement is incorrect regarding cervical tracheal resection/anastomosis? o Ventral cervical approach is usually applied o In adults even the 50% of the tracheal length can be resected o In immature dogs even the 25% of the tracheal length can be resected o Either interrupted or continuous stitches are applicable for anastomosis
o Either interrupted or continuous stitches are applicable for anastomosis
69
Which statement is not correct regarding the tracheal collapse o The entire trachea is affected o The radiographic appearance is influenced by the respiratory phase o Its cause is the weakening of the cartilage o Mostly small breed dogs are affected
o The entire trachea is affected

SAM final (19 decks)

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