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SAM final > Surgery > Flashcards

Surgery Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the diagnostic findings indicates the diagnosis of urinary bladder rupture

o If the cystourethral catheterization cannot harvest urine in a traumatized patient
o If the urine is bloody obtained via cystourethral catheterization in a traumatized patients
o If the contrast leakage is confirmed by positive anterograde cystography
o If the contrast leakage is confirmed by positive retrograde cystography

A

o If the contrast leakage is confirmed by positive retrograde cystography ?

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2
Q

Which of the following statements is correct? The injuries of the tongue

o Are not to be operated o
o Mostly heal with complications
o Mostly approximated with metal clips or sutures
o Always to be regarded as contaminated

A

o Always to be regarded as contaminated

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3
Q

Which of the following layers is the first to be closed during midline laparotomy

o Rectus sheet
o Falciform ligament
o Peritoneum
o Peritoneum + rectus abdominis muscle

A

o Rectus sheet

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4
Q

In case of standing castration it is advised as

o Only open technique, with scrotal incision
o Open technique, with scrotal incision, laparoscopic removal of an abdominal cryptorchid testicle
o Open technique, with inguinal incision
o Closed technique, sutured

A

o Only open technique, with scrotal incision?

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5
Q

Which statement is correct? During nephrotomy

o The kidney is occluded via clamping both the renal artery and vein
o Renal vein is to to be occluded so that the arterial supply remains intact
o Renal artery is to be occluded so that the venous drainage remains intact
o The ureter is also occluded

A

o The kidney is occluded via clamping both the renal artery and vein

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6
Q

Which of the following therapeutic steps is to be taken first after diagnosing urethral obturation in a male dog

o Urethrohydropropulsio
o Prescrotal urethrostomy
o Scrotal urethrostomy
o Perineal urethrostomy

A

o Urethrohydropropulsio

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7
Q

Which of the following protocols is to be followed in case of acute obstruction form of Feline lower urinary tract disease

o Stabilization + perirenal urethrostomy (if unsuccessful catheterization)
o Stabilization + cystocentesis
o Stabilization + urinary bladder expression (not)
o Stabilization + urethral catheterization

A

o Stabilization + urethral catheterization

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8
Q

Which of the following procedures can be used to demonstrate urethral rupture

o Double contrast cystography
o Intravenous urography
o Excretory urethrography
o Retrograde urethrography

A

o Retrograde urethrography?

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9
Q

In which of the following breeds is the congenital cleft palate common

o French bulldog
o German shepherd c
o Yorkshire terrier
o Hungarian vizsla

A

o French bulldog

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10
Q

Which of the following statements is incorrect regarding splenic hemangiosarcoma (HSA)

o Tumorous splenectomy is to be regarded as palliative procedure
o Chemotherapy does not definitely improve the outcome
o The ruptured status of the tumor at surgery is not a negative prognostic factor
o Splenic HSA does not metastatise into the heart

A

o The ruptured status of the tumor at surgery is not a negative prognostic factor

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11
Q

Which of the followings is the least effective in German shepherd ́s perianal fistulation

o Fistulectomy
o Cyclosporine
o Prednisolone
o Conservative management

A

o Fistulectomy

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12
Q

Which statement is incorrect concerning perianal adenoma

o It is uncommon in female
o It mostly occurs in males
o It mainly originates from circumanal glands
o It originates from the anal sac in females

A

o It originates from the anal sac in females

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13
Q

Which statement is correct regarding ectopic ureter

o It may cause dysuria
o In acquired form, the incontinence is recurring
o The urinary incontinence might be combined with normal micturition episodes
o The urinary incontinence is always constant

A

o The urinary incontinence might be combined with normal micturition episodes

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14
Q

What is the major difference between midline and incisional gastropexy

o Midline gastropexy uses seromuscular pattern, whilst incisional operates with penetrating sutures
o The technique fix different areas of the stomach
o In the framework of incisional gastropexy scarification of the stomach serosa is done, unlike midline gastropexy
o Incisional gastropexy has just temporary efficacy

A

o The technique fix different areas of the stomach?

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15
Q

Which is the uppermost muscle layer to be incised during lateral thoracotomy

o Dorsal latissimus m
o Dorsal serratus m
o Ventral serratus m
o M.cutaneus trunci

A

o M.cutaneus trunci

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16
Q

Which statement is incorrect concerning acute abdominal catastrophe

o The diagnosis of acute abdomen is sufficient for surgical indication?
o The precise diagnosis of particular organ dysfunctions is necessary for surgical indication
o It definitely requires emergency care
o It is caused by morphological and/ or functional disorders of abdominal organ(s)

A

o The precise diagnosis of particular organ dysfunctions is necessary for surgical indication

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17
Q

According to Vasanjee et al Vet Surg paper (2006), which of the following liver biopsy techniques caused remarkable colleteral tissue damage

A

Laparoscopic “pinch” biopsy

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18
Q

According to Vasanjee et al Vet Surgery paper (2006) which of the following liver biopsy technique caused remarkable (more than 2 ml) bleeding

o Ligature-biopsy
o Laparoscopic “pinch” biopsy
o Needle biopsy
o None of them

A

o None of them

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19
Q

Which statement is correct?

o Clean soft tissue procedures require broad spectrum antibiotic treatment preoperatively
o Clean soft tissue procedures require first generation cephalosporins preoperatively
o Clean-contaminated soft tissue procedures require antibiotic prophylaxis
o In clean-contaminated soft tissue procedures, amoxicillin treatment is the therapy of choice

A

o Clean-contaminated soft tissue procedures require antibiotic prophylaxis

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20
Q

What is “V-Y plasty”?

o the correction of Y-U plasty
o the type of Z plasty
o the modified type of W plasty
o tension relieving plastic procedure

A

tension relieving plastic procedure

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21
Q

What does W-plasty mean?

o the correction of Y-U plasty
o the modified type of type of Y-U plasty
o the modified type of Z plasty
o scar correcting plastic procedure

A

o scar correcting plastic procedure

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22
Q

Which of the followings has got the widest indication area?

o Plastic surgery
o Cosmetic surgery
o Esthetic surgery
o Reconstructive surgery

A

o Reconstructive surgery

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23
Q

Which of the following organs is most commonly displaced/incarcerated leading to acute symptoms in case of perineal hernia

o Urinary bladder
o Small intestines
o Large intestines
o Uterus

A

o Urinary bladder

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24
Q

Which type of perineal hernia is the most common one in bitches?

o the. Lateral
o dorsal
o ventral
o perineal hernia does not exist in bitches

A

o perineal hernia does not exist in bitches

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25
Q

Which statement is correct concerning inguinal hernia

o In direct hernia: the small intestines escape to the subcutaneous space of the scrotum
o The indirect inguinal hernia is more common than the direct one
o Both
o None

A

o The indirect inguinal hernia is more common than the direct one

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26
Q

Which of the following approaches is mostly recommended in case of diaphragmatic hernia repair?

o Laparotomy
o Lateral thoracotomy
o Laparotomy + lateral thoracotomy
o Sternotomy

A

o Laparotomy

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27
Q

Which of the following diagnostic tools is the next to be chosen in case of uncertain radiographic findings in suspected diaphragmatic hernia

o Thoracocentesis
o Abdominocentesis
o Ultrasonography
o Respiratory endoscopy

A

o Ultrasonography

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28
Q

Which statement is incorrect concerning diaphragmatic hernias

o They take 5 to 10 % of diaphragmatic hernias
o Hiatus hernia has basically 2 different forms: axial and para-esophageal
o The peritoneopericardial hernia is inherited (true)
o The peritoneopericardial hernia is due to the impaired development of septum transversum (true)

A

o They take 5 to 10 % of diaphragmatic hernias

29
Q

Which of the following statement is incorrect regarding incisional hernia

o It is an atrogenic complication
o It might be suppurative
o It can be prevented by Elisabethan collar in all cases
o It may be caused by surgical technical error

A

o It can be prevented by Elisabethan collar in all cases?

30
Q

Which of the following organs is most commonly displaced/incarcerated in case of scrotal hernia

o Small intestine
o Large intestine
o Uterus
o Urinary bladder

A

o Small intestine

31
Q

Which of the following factors does not effect the success of feline perineal urethrostmy

o Mucocutaneous approximation of the stroma
o Transection of bulbospongious muscle
o Transection of ischiocavernous muscle
o Type of the suture material

A

o Transection of ischiocavernous muscle

32
Q

Which statement is correct concerning inguinal hernia

o In direct hernia: the small intestines escape to the subcutaneous space of the scrotum
o The indirect inguinal hernia is more common than the direct one
o Both
o None

A

o The indirect inguinal hernia is more common than the direct one

33
Q

Which approach is recommended for nasal opening in brachycephalic dogs

A

Ventral rhinotomy (due to lack of space dorsally)

34
Q

Which activity is to be done first in case of pneumothorax

o Thoracocentesis
o Percutaneous chest drainage
o Oxygenisation
oThoracotomy/sternotomy/lobectomy

A

o Thoracocentesis

35
Q

Which finding is incorrect about pneumonectomy cases in the retrospective multicenter study by Wavreille et al (Vet Surg 2016)?

o primary lung tumors were represented in 52% of the indications
o 76% of dogs and 80% of cats had postoperative respiratory complications.
o the acute perioperative (less than or equal to 24h) mortality was around 10%
o subacute (less than or equal to 2 weeks) postoperative mortality affected 1 dog and 2 cats

A

o the acute perioperative (less than or equal to 24h) mortality was around 10%

36
Q

What does “sceletonisation” mean

o Cessation of the mesenterial blood supply on the intestinal section to be resected
o V-shaped excision of the mesentery
o Excision of the affected intestinal section
o Suturing of the V-shaped mesenteric defect

A

o Cessation of the mesenterial blood supply on the intestinal section to be resected

37
Q

Which type of small intestinal obstruction has usually the poorest prognosis

A

o Mesenteric torsion

38
Q

Which statement is incorrect regarding linear foreign body caused small intestinal obstruction

o It may be corrected via only one gastrotomy
o It usually requires multiple GI incisors
o Iatrogenic perforation might be caused
o Multiple GI incisions do not increase septic risk compared to single GI opening

A

o It may be corrected via only one gastrotomy

39
Q

What is gastropexy?

A

o Surgical procedure where the stomach is sutures to abdominal wall OR Diaphragm (so it can´t twist anymore)

o attaching to liver, attaching to abd wall, attaching to duodenum and one more

40
Q

Which of the following arteries does not directly contribute to splenic blood supply

o Left gastric
o Left gasteoepiploic
o Short gastric
o Splenic

A

o Left gastric

41
Q

Which factor plays crucial role in the preoperative determination of the surgical prognosis of adrenalectomy?

o tumourous involvement of pancreaticoduodenal artery and vein
o tumourous involvement of phrenicoabdominal artery and vein
o tumourous involvement of caudal vena cava
o tumourous involvement of the adrenal cortex and medulla

A

o tumourous involvement of caudal vena cava

42
Q

Which disorder does NOT cause osmotic diuresis?

o renal glucosuria
o postobstructive diuresis
o pyometra
o diabetes mellitus

A

o pyometra

43
Q

Which of the following conditions indicates liver lobectomy

o Liver abscess
o Superficial liver rupture
o Cholelithiasis
o Diffuse hepatomegaly

A

o Liver abscess

44
Q

The most important nutritive vessel of the ventral abdominal skin is

o caud supf epigastric a and v
o cran supf epigastric a and v
o deep iliac circumflexa a and v
o supf iliac circumflexa a and v

A

o caud supf epigastric a and v

45
Q

Which of the following signs has the strongest diagnostic value in intestinal intussusception

o Palpation of the invaginated intestinal section
o Positive contrast abdominal GI radiography
o Lack of feces
o Vomiting

A

o Palpation of the invaginated intestinal section

46
Q

This is not true for acute abdominal diseases

o The determination of the exact organ involvement is necessary for surgical indication
o A diagnosis of acute abdomen is sufficient for surgical indication
o Require emergency care
o Morphological and functional abnormalities of the abdominal organs

A

o The determination of the exact organ involvement is necessary for surgical indication

47
Q

Which of the following statements is incorrect concerning gastric foreign body

o The success rate of the gastroscopic foreign body removal can be as high as 95%
o The gastrotomy is a contaminated/septic procedure
o Gastric foreign body may cause perforation
o Oral feeding can be started 4-6 hours after gastrotomy

A

o The gastrotomy is a contaminated/septic procedure

48
Q

Which of the following statements is incorrect regarding Gastric Dilatation and Volvulus (GDV)

o GDV starts right after the last feeding
o The GDV may be caused by dietary disorders
o There is also a chronic form of GDV
o GDV is usually of acute onset

A

o GDV starts right after the last feeding

49
Q

Which of the following decisions is correct in case of disuse gastric necrosis during GDV surgery

o Billroth I gastroduodenostomy
o Partial gastrotomy
o Euthanasia (because its diffuse necrosis)
o Resorption and gastroplexy

A

o Euthanasia (because its diffuse necrosis)

50
Q

Which is the appropriate diagnostics / therepeutics protocol for GDV?

o Stabilization orogastric tubation and gastric lavage gastrcocentesis adequate narcosis surgery
o stabilization and gasstrocentesis adequate narcosis orogastric tubation and gastric lavage surgery
o stabilization gastric lavage gastrocentesis surgery
o stabilizatzion gastrocentesis adequate narcosis surgery orogastric tubation and gastric lavage

A

o Stabilization orogastric tubation and gastric lavage gastrcocentesis adequate narcosis surgery

51
Q

Which is the appropriate diagnostic/therapeutic protocol in GDV

A

o Stabilization and gastrocentesis-adequate narcosis-orogastric tubation and gastric lavage-surgery

52
Q

Which of the following methods is to be chosen as first in case of foreign body caused caudal thoracic ( prediaphragmatic) oseophagal obstruction?

o Pushing down the foreign body into the stomach via orogastric tubation
o endoscopic removal
o laparotomy+ gastrotomy+ transluminal foreign body removal
o thoracotomy+ oseophagotomy

A

o endoscopic removal

53
Q

Which statement is false regarding the radiography of intestinal obstructions?

o The obturating object and the distended proximal intestinal loops may be seen on the radiograph at the same time
o The obturating object may be seen without secondary X-ray signs on the radiograph
o In certain cases the radiographic finding may be unremarkable
o Contrast study is used in every case to make the diagnosis of intestinal obstruction

A

o Contrast study is used in every case to make the diagnosis of intestinal obstruction

54
Q

Which statement is correct? In case of renal traumatic bleeding

o The abdominocentesis is always positive (blood)
o The plain abdominal radiography is usually pathognomonic
o Retroperitoneal blood loss may even lead to exsanguination
o Retroperitoneal blood loss may occur but usually does not lead to life threatening circulatory changes

A

o Retroperitoneal blood loss may even lead to exsanguination

55
Q

How long can nasogastric tube stay for?

A

o 5-10 days

56
Q

Barium-sulphate can be used for which of the following procedures

o Myelography
o Gastric emptying study
o Retrograde cystography
o Arthrography

A

o Gastric emptying study

57
Q

NOT used for the surgical solution of the cleft palate:

o protruding lobe plastic surgery
o primer monofilament or steel wire
o overlapping
o network plastic

A

o protruding lobe plastic surgery

58
Q

When is it advisable to infiltrate the tonsil area before tonsillectomy under general anesthesia?

o By injection with adrenaline
o by injection containing Lidocaine
o By steroid injection
o Antibiotic injection

A

o By injection with adrenaline

59
Q

Tonsillectomy should not be an indication?

o Chronic tonsillitis
o No metastatic tonsilla tumor
o Tonsil tumor giving diffuse chest attachment
o Tonsil tumor giving regional lymph node metastasis

A

o No metastatic tonsilla tumor

60
Q

Which of the following statements is not true for splenic hemangiosarcoma?

o Tumor splenectomy can be only evaluated as palliative surgery
o Chemotherapy does not significantly increase survival time
o The ruptured nature of the HSA tumor does not significantly impair the prognosis
o Does not form metastases in the heart

A

o The ruptured nature of the HSA tumor does not significantly impair the prognosis

61
Q

Which surgical technique is the best choice for Hansen type 1 disc herniation?

o Copectomy
o Fenestratio
o Total laminectomy
o Hemilaminectoy

A

o Hemilaminectoy

62
Q

Which is characteristic of Hansen- 1 type disc herniation

o Typically multiplex
o Mostly found in large dogs
o The annulus fibrosus is completely ruptured, so the nucleus pulpus can directly compress the spinal cord prognosis doubtful
o In the case of plegia, the prognosis is doubtful.

A

o The annulus fibrosus is completely ruptured, so the nucleus pulpus can directly compress the spinal cord prognosis doubtful

63
Q

Which disease is an absolute surgical indication?

o Acute Hansen type 1 disc prolapse with paraplegia in the absence of deep pain
o Atlantoaxial instability with neck pain
o Discopondylitis
o Cauda equina syndrome combined with severe hip dysplasia

A

o Acute Hansen type 1 disc prolapse with paraplegia in the absence of deep pain

64
Q

This is not true for acute abdominal diseases

o The determination of the exact organ involvement is necessary for surgical indication
o A diagnosis of acute abdomen is sufficient for surgical indication
o Require emergency care
o Morphological and functional abnormalities of the abdominal organs

A

o The determination of the exact organ involvement is necessary for surgical indication

65
Q

The synovial fluid is determined as septic if

A

The WBC count is more than 40g/L, with mostly neutrophils

66
Q

If the lactate is 6,5 mmol/l in the abdominocentesis fluid, then

o Impaction is presumable
o The horse had intensive exercise
o Strangulation ileus is likely
o It can be manages conservatively

A

o Strangulation ileus is likely

67
Q

Which of the following clinical findings is not member of the diagnostic triad defining the absolute indication of surgery in case of thoracic trauma?

o Skin defect on the thoracic wall
o Status of the thoracic wall
o Positive radiological finding of lung contusion
o ARD

A

o Status of the thoracic wall

68
Q

Which statement is incorrect regarding cervical tracheal resection/anastomosis?

o Ventral cervical approach is usually applied
o In adults even the 50% of the tracheal length can be resected
o In immature dogs even the 25% of the tracheal length can be resected
o Either interrupted or continuous stitches are applicable for anastomosis

A

o Either interrupted or continuous stitches are applicable for anastomosis

69
Q

Which statement is not correct regarding the tracheal collapse

o The entire trachea is affected
o The radiographic appearance is influenced by the respiratory phase
o Its cause is the weakening of the cartilage
o Mostly small breed dogs are affected

A

o The entire trachea is affected

SAM final (19 decks)

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