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SAM final > Gastrointestinal > Flashcards

Gastrointestinal Flashcards

1
Q

• What is the number of permanent teeth in dogs

A

o 42

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2
Q

• What is the number of permanent teeth in cats

A

30

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3
Q

• What is Spongostan

A

Gelatin sponge

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4
Q

• What does “epulis” mean

A

o Benign fibromatous mass on the gingiva

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5
Q

Which statement is correct regarding dentine in dog

o It is capable of repair in living tooth
o Dentine layer is thickening towards enamel during production
o It comprises more than 98% inorganic elements
o It is continuously narrowing during aging

A

o It is capable of repair in living tooth

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6
Q

Which statement is correct in dental nomenclature

o Mesial surface faces to the previous tooth in the dental arch
o Mesial surface faces to the next tooth in the dental arch
o Distal surface faces to the apex
o Distal surface faces to the crown

A

Mesial surface faces to the previous (!) tooth in the dental arch

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7
Q

Severe FORL (Feline odontoclastic resorptive lesions)/treatment/cat?

o Chemotherapy
o Tooth extraction or crown amputation
o Topical chlorhexidine
o Vitamin A orally for 6 weeks

A

o Tooth extraction or crown amputation

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8
Q

Recommended medicated/treatment weight in FORL? (Depends on the stage)

o Chemotherapy
o Vitamin 8 weeks
o Chlorhexidine
o Complete denture removal or crown amputation

A

o Complete denture removal or crown amputation

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9
Q

What kind of gum disease can be seen on this picture? (oral cavity of dog)

o Periodontitis
o FORL (feline odontoclastic resorptive lesions)
o Squamous cell carcinoma
o Epulis

A

Epulis

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10
Q

Cyanotic mucous membranes?

A

Gastric dilation and volvulus (G.D.V), shock

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11
Q

Cyanotic mucous membranes

A

o Shock signs

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12
Q 
•	Gingivostomatitis in cats. Possible aetiology. 
o	Mycoplasma haemofelis 
o	Brachyspira hyosdisenterica 
o	FIP
o	FIV
o	Isospora felis
A

FIV

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13
Q

Feline viral leukaemia/aetiology?

o Pathogen: Lentivirus, Oncoviridae family (FeLV), infection by inhalation in indoor cats together
o Pathogen: oncovirus (FIV), infection via faeces, in old male cats
o Pathogen: retrovirus, Oncornavirinae family (FeLV), infection: via saliva, via nasal secretions, in outdoor cats
o Pathogen: retrovirus, Caliciviridae family (FeLV), infection: via urine, faeces

A

o Pathogen: retrovirus, Oncornavirinae family (FeLV), infection: via saliva, via nasal secretions, in outdoor cats

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14
Q

What are the typical clinical symptoms of gastric disease?

A

o Vomitus, hematemesis, anorexia

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15
Q

Can give antibiotics in case of diarrhoea:

o only in case of sepsis
o always have to
o in case of risk of sepsis
o only in case of bacterial enteritis

A

o in case of risk of sepsis

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16
Q

Additional test recommendation for mild acute small intestinal diarrhea:

o Trichomonas PCR test
o gastroduodenoscopy and intestinal biopsy
o measure of cobalamin concentration
o parasitological examination of feces

A

o parasitological examination of feces

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17
Q

Which statement is true for gastric disease?

A

o Stomach ulcer predisposing factors include age of NSAIDS, metabolic disorders and glucocorticoids.

18
Q

Which statement is true

o Gastroscopy is performed on the patient right side
o Excessive bloating in the stomach may interfere with gastroscopic examination of the antrum and pyloris
o Oesophageal motility disorders can be easily diagnosed by esophageal refletion/mirroring
o Melena and haematemesis are not among the indications for duodenoscopy

A

o Excessive bloating in the stomach may interfere with gastroscopic examination of the antrum and pyloris

19
Q

Feline viral leukemia/Etiology

o Pathogen: Lentivirus, Oncoviridae family (FeLV), infection by inhalation in indoor cats, living together
o Pathogen: oncovirus (FIV), infection via feces, in old male cats
o Pathogen: retrovirus, Oncornavirinae family (FeLV), infection: via saliva; via nasal secretions, in outdoor cats
o Pathogen: retrovirus, Caliciviridae family (FeLV), infection: via urine, feces

A

o Pathogen: retrovirus, Oncornavirinae family (FeLV), infection: via saliva; via nasal secretions, in outdoor cats

20
Q

What is the most common type of leukaemia in dogs?

o Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia
o Chronic small lymphocytic leukaemia
o Acute myelogenous leukaemia
o Chronic myelogenous leukaemia

A

o Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia

21
Q

These pictures are characteristic for?

o	Parvoviral enteritis
o	Obstipation
o	Pyometra
o	Invagination
o	Small intestinal torsion
A

o Small intestinal torsion

22
Q

Characteristics of chronic gastritis in dogs and cats

o Cannot be subclinical
o Despite polyphagia, loosing weight
o Histopathologic evaluation of the stomach mucosa is required for the diagnosis
o Blood and ultrasound examination is required for the diagnosis

A

o Histopathologic evaluation of the stomach mucosa is required for the diagnosis

23
Q

Campylobacter spp./cat therapy?

o Life threatening infection, always treat
o Cats are asymptomatic carriers, never treat
o Treat if relevant clinical signs appear (e.g. acute [bloody] diarrhoea, fever)
o Although cats are asymptomatic carriers, treatment is obligatory because of zoonosis

A

o Treat if relevant clinical signs appear (e.g. acute [bloody] diarrhoea, fever)

24
Q

Severe acute gastroenteritis/nutrition/dog, cat?

o Fasting for 3-5 days
o Enteral feeding is not possible because of diarrhoea
o Fasting is not suggested at all, due to severe malnutrition may develop even in few hours
o Enteral feeding is suggested despite diarrhoea

A

o Enteral feeding is suggested despite diarrhoea

25
Q

Large colon torsion/outcome?

o Can’t be solved by surgery, always fatal outcome within one day
o Operation rarely successful, physostigmine inj. otherwise death within 2-3 days
o Operation can be successful within 8 hours, without surgery: death
o Specific body rotation in general anaesthesia can be solution

A

o Operation can be successful within 8 hours, without surgery: death

26
Q

Suggested examinations in abdominal distension of small animals

o Ballotment probe, CT, laparotomy, blood examination
o Undulation test, abdominal US, X-ray, Abdominocentesis
o Sedimentation test, urethral catheterisation, scintigraphy
o Percussion with auscultation, cystocentesis, APTT, PTT
o Ballotment probe, abdominal US, X-ray, cystocentesis

A

o Undulation test, abdominal US, X-ray, Abdominocentesis

27
Q

Cause of paralytic ileus?

o Enteritis, peritonitis, abdominal surgery (postoperative stage)
o Tetanus, botulism, enterotoxicosis, herpes
o Stress, organic phosphorous ester toxicosis
o Intestinal intussusception, chantaridin toxicosis

A

o Enteritis, peritonitis, abdominal surgery (postoperative stage)

28
Q

Mild, acute, small intestinal diarrhoea/suggested additional examinations/dog, cat?

o Faecal analysis: parasitological examination
o Faecal analysis: parasitological examination and bacteriological culture
o Faecal analysis: parasitological examination and Parvo ELISA test
o Faecal analysis: parasitological examination and fungal culture

A

o Faecal analysis: parasitological examination and bacteriological culture

29
Q

Acute colitis/dog, cat/clinical signs?

o Large amount, watery diarrhoea
o Small amount, watery diarrhoea with undigested food
o Small amount, pudding-like, mucinous, bloody (haematochezia) diarrhoea
o Large amount, mucinous, bloody (melena) diarrhoea

A

o Small amount, pudding-like, mucinous, bloody (haematochezia) diarrhoea

30
Q

Clinical sign possibly related to oesophageal gastric ulceration?

o Anaemia
o Teeth grinding
o Tar-like faeces
o Any of the above

A

o Any of the above

31
Q

Anti-emetics/dog?

o Haloperidol, torecan, cimetidine
o Chlorpromaszine, tiethylperazine, maropitant, metoclopramide
o Ondansetron, omeprazole, nizatidine
o Metoclopramide, maropitant, famotidine

A

o Chlorpromaszine, tiethylperazine, maropitant, metoclopramide

32
Q

Haemorrhagic gastroenteritis (HGE)/dog/diagnosis?

o	Hematocrit (PCV) is significantly increased due to hypovolaemia 
o	Haematocrit (PCV) is significantly decreased due to intestinal bleeding 
o	Haematocrit (PCV) is mildly decreased due to severe coagulopathy
o	Haematocrit (PCV) is unchanged despite the severe coagulopathy
A

Hematocrit (PCV) is significantly increased due to hypovolaemia

33
Q

Parvoviral enteritis/dog/therapy?

o Fasting during diarrhoea, antibiotic fluid therapy
o Intestinal diet or enteral nutrition, antibiotic, fluid therapy
o Fasting during diarrhoea, antiviral medication, fluid therapy
o Fasting during vomiting, NSAID and corticosteroid, fluid therapy

A

o Intestinal diet or enteral nutrition, antibiotic, fluid therapy

34
Q

Megaoesphagus/cause/dog?

o Disorders accompanied with neuromuscular dysfunction
o Taurine deficiency
o Food allergy or food intolerance
o Ethylene glycol toxicosis

A

o Disorders accompanied with neuromuscular dysfunction

35
Q

AHDS - Acute haemorrhagic diarrhea syndrome/dog, cat

o Former name: HGE - haemorrhagic gastroenteritis
o Severe disorder, caused by corona virus
o Mild disorder, caused by rota virus
o Mild disorder, the patient can recover in few days without any treatment

A

o Former name: HGE - haemorrhagic gastroenteritis

36
Q

Regurgitation/definition?

o Anterograde evacuation of digested food from oesophagus by passive way
o Retrograde evacuation of digested food from oesophagus by active way
o Retrograde evacuation of undigested food from oesophagus by passive way
o Retrograde evacuation of undigested food from stomach by active way

A

o Retrograde evacuation of undigested food from oesophagus by passive way

37
Q

Characteristics of MEED (Multisystemic Eosinophilic Epitheliotropic Disease)? Which is not true:

o Diarrhoea
o Skin lesions
o Hypoalbuminemia, liver enzymes increase and absorption tests
o Gastrointestinal reflux

A

o Gastrointestinal reflux

38
Q

IBD (inflammatory bowel disease)/diagnosis/dog, cat?

o After exclusion of diseases with similar symptoms, because it is an idiopathic disorder
o With abdominal ultrasonography
o With routine laboratory blood tests
o With histopathologic examination of stomach/intestines

A

o With histopathologic examination of stomach/intestines

39
Q

Which symptom is not common with acute gastric catastrophe?

o Abdominal pain
o DIC
o Shock phases
o Vomiting

A

o Vomiting

40
Q

• Which statement is TRUE for esophageal diseases

A

o appetite

41
Q

• Additional testing is recommended for mild acute small bowel diarrhea

A

o parasitological examination of the feces

42
Q 
This is not true for perianal adenoma? 
o	May malignate over time 
o	It occurs in males 
o	It starts from the circuman glands 
o	In males it starts mainly from parianal sinus
A

o In males it starts mainly from parianal sinus

SAM final (19 decks)

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