Reproduction Flashcards
Which staining procedure is used to examine the morphology?
o Kovács- foote staining
o Spermatic staining
o Both
o None
o Both
Which degree celsius water should we use for the doubewall glasscontainer?
o 40° C
o 26 ° C
o 37 ° C
o 39 ° C
o 37 ° C
In which cycle phase is it typical: Small number of cells, > 95% basal-parabasal cells
o Proestrus
o Oestrus
o Diestrus
o Anoestrus
o Anoestrus
In which cycle phase is it typical: small number of cells, bacteria present, > 60% basal-parabasal cells,
o Proestrus
o Oestrus
o Diestrus
o Late dioestrus
o Late dioestrus
In which cycle phase is it typical: Large number of cells, bacteria present, parabasal, intermediate, superficial cells
o Early Proestrus
o Oestrus
o Diestrus
o Early diestrous (metoestrous)
o Early Proestrus
In which cycle phase is it typical: Large number of cells, bacteria present, superficial cells
o Late proestrus
o Oestrus
o Diestrus
o Early diestrous (metoestrous)
o Late proestrus
In which cycle phase is it typical might be cells, bacteria present > 80-90% cornified superficial cells
o Late proestrus
o Oestrus
o Diestrus
o Early diestrous (metoestrous)
o Oestrus
What factors affect the amount of sperm count?
o The size of the dog
o Frequency of sperm collection
o Both
o None
o Both
Which statement is not true for ejaculate concentration?
o Affect age
o The ejaculate of larger dog breeds contains more sperm
o The total number of sperm is 300 million to 2 trillion
o It indicates the quality of the sperm well
o It indicates the quality of the sperm well
When is the progesterone level the highest?
dioestrus
What is the progesterone level at ovulation?
Serum progesterone on ovulation day 5-8 ng/ml
–> varies from 4-10 ng/ml
What is the progesterone level of the blood at LH Peak?
2ng/m
When is LH highest?
late diestrous
When is FSH highest?
late anoestrus
When (which cycle phase) is the bitch receptive?
Estrus
What is the level of the progesterone during pregnancy?
Above 2.6 ng/ml
Which hormone induces changes in the vaginal cytology?
Estrogen
Juvenile Vaginitis- vaginoscopy
hyperplastic lymphoid follicles, erythematous vaginal mucosa, mucopurulent discharge
Juvenile Vaginitis - cytology
Non-degenerative neutrophils, +/- bacteria, parabasal/ intermediate cells.
What are the most common obstructive lesions in the vagina?
o Abnormalitties of the Müllerian ducts
–> Cranial vagina septation, imperforate hymen, vaginal stenosis
When is estrogen highest?
End of proestrus
Vaginoscopy; when is MM = dry, pale, wrinkled, slightly swollen
Estrus
Normal sperm count;
300 million to 2 billion
Normal percentage of morphologically normal spermatozoa - 80%
Larger breeds of dogs also have a higher number of total spermatozoa in the ejaculate than do smaller breeds
Affects sperm Count
Age, testicular weight, sexual activity, and perhaps, season of the year
Optimum semen pH:
6,5 (range 6,3-6,7)
What is azoospermia
- Sperm fluid is clear.
- Lack of spermatozoa in the ejaculate
Cell types from a smear (cytology of semen)
Normal;
Inflammatory cells, RBC and bacteria
o (urethral/ ejaculate contamination)
Epithelial cells
o (Urethral/preputal contamination)
Cell types from a smear (cytology of semen)
Abnormal
- Intracellular bacteria or toxic changes in neutrophils support the presence of infection.
- Large numbers of red blood cells imply hemorrhage, most commonly originating from the prostate gland or penis
- Large numbers of mononuclear cells imply immune-mediated orchitis.
What is the percent morphologically normal spermatozoa?
normal spermatozoa - 80%
