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Pharmaceutics > Suppositories + Inserts > Flashcards

Suppositories + Inserts Flashcards

1
Q

What is a suppository?

A

Solid dosage form inserted into body orifices where they melt, soften, or dissolve at body temperature

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2
Q

Supossitories delivery is ______ dependent

A

formulation

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3
Q

Rectal suppositories are generally used for ______ delivery

A

systemic

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4
Q

Rectal suppositores are generally used to treat _____ anorectal diseases

A

local

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5
Q

What are the disadvantages of rectal suppositories?

A
  1. Violates patient’s dignity
  2. Local irritation
  3. Available in limited strengths
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6
Q

What are the advantages of rectal administration over oral?

A
  1. Administration is simple
  2. Avoids hepatic first pass elimination
  3. Drugs stability (avoids degradation in GI)
  4. Avoids unpleasant taste
  5. Kids + ppl unable to use PO meds can get it
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7
Q

What are some limitations of rectal administration?

A
  1. Pt acceptablity/compliance is poor especially for chronic therapy
  2. Limited commercial doses available
  3. Variable effectiveness
  4. Suppository may be rejected/ascend post insertion
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8
Q

Weight of rectal suppositories dependent upon ____ of the drug + base (mainly)

A

density

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9
Q

Vaginal suppositories are also known as….?

A

Pessaries

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10
Q

What are the advantages of vaginal administration of RX?

A
  1. Local + systemic delivery
  2. Large surface area
  3. Avoids hepatic first pass + GI degradation
  4. Self administration/removal is often an option
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11
Q

What are some limitations of vaginal administration?

A
  1. Route is gender specific
  2. Menstrual cycle/hormonal variations
  3. Physiological pH may enhance or affect dissolution and absorption of drugs
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12
Q

Urethral suppositories are also known as…?

A

Bougies

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13
Q

Systemic absorption is more commonly seen with _____ rather than vagina delivery

A

rectal

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14
Q

What are some formulation variables?

A
  1. Form of active
  2. Solubility
  3. Viscosity
  4. Brittleness
  5. Volume contraction
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15
Q

Generally, drug form will (be/not be) altered by rectal environment

A

not be

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16
Q

Rectal fluid is generally in pH range of 7.2-7.4 w/ _______ buffer capacity

A

negligible

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17
Q

Greater absorption is expected with a/an _____ colon

A

empty

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18
Q

What is brittleness caused by?

A
  1. High solid concentration

2. Shock cooling

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19
Q

Lipophilic drugs in fatty base have a (higher/lower) tendency to be released to the surround aqueous fluids than a ______ drug in a fatty base

A

lower + hydrophilic

20
Q

Suppository base should remain ____ at room temperature

A

solid

21
Q

What is the most commonly used fatty (oleaginous) base?

A

Cocoa butter

22
Q

What is the most important characteristic of fatty (oleaginous) base?

A

Melts quickly at body temperature

23
Q

How is cocoa butter harvested?

A

Seed of Theobroma cacao

24
Q

What are some advantages of fatty (oleaginous) bases?

A
  1. Softens at 30 degrees C
  2. Generally non-irritating
  3. Acts as an emollient
25
Q

What are some disadvantages of fatty (oleaginous) bases?

A
  1. Poor/eratic release of some drugs
  2. Exhibits polymorphism (in cocoa butter)
  3. May leak
26
Q

Water-soluble bases ______ and mixes w/ aqueous body fluids

A

dissolves

27
Q

Water-soluble bases may cause some _____ due to uptake of water and cause a slight ______ of the mucosa

A

irritation + dehyrdation

28
Q

What is the most popular water-soluble base?

A

PEGS

29
Q

What is an advantage of PEG?

A
  1. Mix and match MW bases to attain specific MP
30
Q

What is a disadvantage of PEG?

A
  1. Drug incompatibilities

2. Cause irritation

31
Q

Glycerinated gelatin suppositories (are/are not) recommended for rectal use but is more useful as a/an _____ insert

A

are not + vaginal

32
Q

What is wrong with using glycerinated gelatin suppositories?

A
  1. Osmotic effect

2. Defecation reflex

33
Q

Glycerinated gelatin bases provides (faster/slower) release and has a tendency to (absorb/repel) mositure

A

slower + absorb

34
Q

What should you protect glycerinated gelatin bases from?

A

Atmospheric mositure

35
Q

PEG suppositories (do/do not) melt at body temperature

A

do not

36
Q

PEG suppositories contribute to ______ release of drugs

A

prolonged

37
Q

PEG mixes w/ mucous upon dissolving and as a result it has ____ leakage compared to fatty bases

A

less

38
Q

Slow release; poor escaping tendency

A. Oil-soluble drug + base
B. Water-soluble drug + fatty base
C. Oil-soluble drug + water base
D. Water-soluble drug + base

A

A. Oil-soluble drug + base

39
Q

Moderate release

A. Oil-soluble drug + base
B. Water-soluble drug + fatty base
C. Oil-soluble drug + water base
D. Water-soluble drug + base

A

C. Oil-soluble drug + water base

40
Q

Moderate release; based upon diffusion; all water soluble

A. Oil-soluble drug + base
B. Water-soluble drug + fatty base
C. Oil-soluble drug + water base
D. Water-soluble drug + base

A

D. Water-soluble drug + base

41
Q

Rapid release

A. Oil-soluble drug + base
B. Water-soluble drug + fatty base
C. Oil-soluble drug + water base
D. Water-soluble drug + base

A

B. Water-soluble drug + fatty base

42
Q

What are the methods of suppository prep?

A
  1. Molding from a melt (most common)

2. Hand rolling/shaping

43
Q

Suppository drug must be released within _____

A

6 hours

44
Q

To ensure max drug release, apply principle of _____ ______

A

opposite characteristics

45
Q

Release of drug and onset of drug action depends upon three factors…what are they?

A
  1. Liquefaction of base
  2. Dissolution of active
  3. Drug diffusion thru tissues

Pharmaceutics (30 decks)

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