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REPOSITORY - Head and Neck Anatomy > Superficial Face and Muscles of Facial Expression > Flashcards

Superficial Face and Muscles of Facial Expression Flashcards

1
Q

what are the borders of the face

A

forehead to chin and one ear to the other

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2
Q

what is the cutaneous innervation of the forehead and vertex provided by

A

trigeminal nerve

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3
Q

what is the sensory innervation of the scalp and skin over posterior part of head provided by

A

2nd and 3rd spinal nerves

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4
Q

what nerve gives sensory innervation to the angle of the mandible

A

great auricular nerve from c2 and c3 via cervical plexus

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5
Q

what do dilator muscles do

A

either lift, depress of pull mouth

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6
Q

what are the muscles of facial expression anchored to

A

bone or fascia on one end and skin on the other

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7
Q

how do the facial muscles produce an effect

A

by pulling on skin

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8
Q

what are the main facial muscles

A

buccinatory, orbicularis oris, orbicularis oculi, occipitofrontalis, platysma

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9
Q

where does the facial nerve enter the skull

A

via the internal acoustic meatus

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10
Q

where does the facial nerve exit the skull

A

via stylomastoid foramen

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11
Q

what branches of the facial nerve are given off at the stylomastoid foramen

A

posterior auricular and digastric nerve

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12
Q

what are the 5 main branches of the facial nerve

A

temporal, zygomatic, buccal, marginal mandibular, cervical

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13
Q

what does the temporal branch supply

A

forehead and muscles around upper eyelid

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14
Q

what does the zygomatic branch supply

A

lower eyelid and upper lip

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15
Q

what does the buccal branch supply

A

cheek, upper lip, orbicularis oris

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16
Q

what does the marginal mandibular branch supply

A

lower lip, chin, orbicularis oris

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17
Q

what does the cervical branch supply

A

platysma

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18
Q

what is the occipitofrontalis muscle supplied by

A

temporal branch for frontal belly
posterior auricular branch for occipital belly

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19
Q

what are the actions of the occipitofrontalis

A

retract scalp, wrinkle forehead and elevate eyebrows

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20
Q

what is the origin and insertion of the frontal belly of occipitofrontalis

A

origin - epicranial aponeurosis
insertion - skin/subcutaneous tissue of eyebrows and forehead

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21
Q

what is the origin and insertion of the occipital belly of occipitofrontalis

A

origin - lateral 2/3 of superior nuchal line
insertion - epicranial aponeurosis

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22
Q

what are the 2 parts of the orbicularis oculi

A

palpebral and orbital

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23
Q

what is the orbicularis oculi innervated by

A

temporal and zygomatic branches of CNVII

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24
Q

what is the origin and insertion of the palpebral part of the orbicularis oculi

A

origin - medial palpebral ligament
insertion - lateral palpebral raphe

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25
what is the origin and insertion of the orbital part of the orbicularis oculi
origin - nasal part of frontal bone, frontal process of maxilla and medial palpebral ligament insertion - skin around margin of orbit
26
what does the palpebral orbicularis oculi do
close eye gently
27
what does the orbital orbicularis oculi do
close eye tightly
28
what is the function of the orbicularis oculi
protects eyeballs from injury, light and keep moist by spreading lacrimal fluid
29
what type of muscle is the orbicularis oris
a sphincter muscle
30
what is the orbicularis oris innervated by
buccal and marginal mandibular branches of CNVII
31
what is the origin of the orbicularis oris
buccinator/surrounding muscles and medial mandible/maxilla
32
what is the insertion of the orbicularis oris
mucous membrane of lips
33
what is the action of the orbicularis oris
close and/or protrude lips
34
what is the buccinator supplied by
buccal branches of CNVII
35
what is the origin of the buccinator
posterior part of alveolar process of maxilla/mandible and from pterygomandibular raphe
36
what is the insertion of the buccinator
orbicularis oris
37
what is the action of the buccinator
press the cheeks against the molar teeth and works with the tongue to keep food between occlusal surfaces of teeth and out of vestibule, assists with smiling
38
what is the platysma innervated by
cervical branch of CNVII
39
what does the platysma originate from
subcutaneous tissue of the infra and supraclavicular regions
40
where does the platysma insert
at base of mandible to merge with orbicularis oris, skin of cheek, lower lip and angle of mouth
41
what is the action of the platysma
tense the skin of inferior face/neck and depress the mandible
42
what is the job of the dilators of the mouth
widen/lift/depress the corners of the mouth
43
where are the dilators around the mouth
radiate from lips to angle of mouth
44
what is responsible for dimples
modiolus (interlace of 9 facial muscles)
45
what does the levator anguli oris do
lift the corner of the mouth and widen in grin
46
what does the depressor anguli oris do
depress the corner of the mouth
47
what is the risorius muscle associated with
laughing/grinning
48
what does the zygomaticus major do
lift the angle of the mouth in smile
49
what does the levator labii superioris do and what does it work with
works with zygomaticus muscle to elevate and evert upper lip
50
what does the depressor labii inferioris act on
lower lip to pout
51
what do the procerus and transverse part of the nasalis do
depress medial eyebrow and wrinkle skin over dorsal nose
52
what does the alar part of the nose do
works with levator laii superioris to depress wings of nose (flares nostrils)
53
what does the levator labii superioris alaeque nasi do
lifts the upper lip and wings of nose
54
what is the majority of the blood supply to the face from
external carotid artery, some internal carotid artery
55
what parts of the internal carotid artery are used in the blood supply to the face
zygomaticofacial, zygomaticotemporal, supraorbital, supratrochlear
56
what branches if the external carotid artery are used to supply the face
facial, buccal, mental, infraorbital, transverse facial
57
why do wounds bleed a lot on the face
terminal branches of veins and arteries anastomose freely across the midline so there is a lot of blood flow
58
what drains the blood supply of the face
facial vein to internal jugular vein
59
where do the facial vein and superior ophthalmic vein connect and where do they go
at medial angle of eye to the cavernous sinus
60
what is the retromandibular vein formed by
superficial temporal and maxillary vein
61
where does the retromandibular vein run
within parotid gland
62
what does the external jugular vein drain into
the subclavian vein
63
how do skin infections spread to the cavernous sinus
blood flows both ways, bacteria can spread to the brain and as the blood supply is slow the bacteria has time to multiply in the cavernous sinus
64
what are the layers of the eyelids
skin, connective tissue, conjunctiva, muscle, tarsus, orbital septum
65
what are the eyelids covered internally by
transparent mucous membrane (conjunctiva)
66
what are the 2 parts of the conjunctiva
palpebral and bulbar
67
what is the bulbar part of the conjunctive attached to
sclera
68
what are the eyelids supported by
dense bands of connective tissue (tarsus)
69
what is the inferior border of the eyelids formed by
orbital septum
70
what is the orbital septum
a fibrous membrane from tarsi to margins of orbit and then continuous with periosteum of bone
71
what is the sensory innervation of the eyelids supplied by
CNV1 and CNV2
72
why do wounds bleed a lot on the face
terminal branches of veins and arteries anastomose freely across the midline so there is a lot of blood flow

REPOSITORY - Head and Neck Anatomy (25 decks)

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