Salivary Glands and Submandibular Region

Question 1

what are the 3 major salivary glands

Answer 1

parotid, submandibular, sublingual

Question 2

which gland wraps around the mylohyoid

Answer 2

submandibular

Question 3

what does the lingual nerve loop around

Answer 3

submandibular duct

Question 4

where are the submandibular glands found

Answer 4

along mandible

Question 5

what does the submandibular gland secrete

Answer 5

mixed serous and mucous secretions

Question 6

where does the submandibular duct begin

Answer 6

in gland between mylohyoid and hyoglossus

Question 7

what covers the submandibular gland

Answer 7

a fascial capsule

Question 8

which artery makes a groove in the submandibular gland

Answer 8

facial artery

Question 9

where does the submandibular duct run

Answer 9

anteriorly from deep part of gland and opens either side of frenulum

Question 10

what is the blood supply to the submandibular glands

Answer 10

via submental arteries (branch of facial artery)

Question 11

what is the venous drainage of submandibular glands

Answer 11

submental veins (to lingual and facial veins)

Question 12

what does the sublingual gland secrete

Answer 12

mostly mucous but some serous too

Question 13

where does the sublingual gland lie

Answer 13

between mandible and hyoglossus
in sublingual fossa of mandible

Question 14

where do the sublingual ducts drain

Answer 14

into crest of sublingual fold

Question 15

what is the blood supply to the sublingual glands

Answer 15

via submental and sublingual arteries (branch of facial and lingual arteries)

Question 16

what is the drainage of the sublingual glands

Answer 16

submental veins (to lingual and facial veins)

Question 17

where do the preganglionic parasympathetic fibres travel to

Answer 17

submandibular ganglion from chorda tympani and via lingual nerve

Question 18

where do the postganglionic parasympathetic fibres travel to

Answer 18

in the lingual nerve to the sublingual gland and submandibular gland

Question 19

what does the sympathetic innervation in the mouth lead to

Answer 19

vasoconstriction and reduction in volume of saliva

Question 20

what does parasympathetic innervation in the mouth lead to

Answer 20

secretion of saliva

Question 21

what is the sympathetic innervation of the parotid gland

Answer 21

glossopharyngeal nerve through tympanic and lesser petrosal nerves
synapse in otic ganglion
run in auriculotemporal nerve

Question 22

what is the sympathetic innervation of the submandibular and sublingual glands

Answer 22

from superior cervical ganglion and nerve plexus of ECA straight to the glands

Question 23

what are the minor salivary glands

Answer 23

buccal, palatine, lingual, labial

Question 24

what are the minor salivary glands innervated by

Answer 24

CNVII AND CNV

Question 25

what are the minor salivary glands susceptible to

Answer 25

mucoceles

Question 26

what are the minor salivary glands susceptible to

Answer 26

mucoceles

Question 27

what is the parasympathetic innervation to minor salivary glands above the oral fissure

Answer 27

fibres synapse in pterygopalatine ganglion and travel to glands via palatine nerves

Question 28

what is the parasympathetic innervation to minor salivary glands below the oral fissure

Answer 28

fibres synapse in submandibular ganglion and then travel in lingual nerve to glands

Question 29

what is mumps

Answer 29

viral infection in children affecting parotid gland

Question 30

what cures mumps

Answer 30

mmr vaccine, supportive treatment

Question 31

if mumps spreads what does it cause

Answer 31

viral meningitis

Question 32

what are salivary stones/calculi signs

Answer 32

pain, swelling, lack of salivation

Question 33

where are salivary stones common

Answer 33

submandibular duct due to upward course

Question 34

what are salivary stones treated by

Answer 34

surgical removal

Question 35

what are the 3 pathologies of the salivary glands

Answer 35

mumps, salivary stones, excessive salivation

Question 36

what does the submandibular triangle contain

Answer 36

submandibular gland, lymph nodes, hypoglossal nerve, mylohyoid, facial artery and vein, digastric

Question 37

what does the submental triangle contain

Answer 37

submental lymph nodes and some small veins

Question 38

what does the carotid triangle contain

Answer 38

carotid sheath, ECA, accessory and hypoglossal nerves, deep cervical lymph nodes

Question 39

what are the suprahyoids

Answer 39

mylohyoid, digastric, geniohyoid, stylohyoid

Question 40

what are the infrahyoids

Answer 40

sternohyoid, sternothyroid, omohyoid, thyrohyoid

Question 41

where does the mylohyoid attach

Answer 41

mylohyoid line and hyoid and fibres of opposite mylohyoid

Question 42

what is the action of the mylohyoid

Answer 42

elevate hyoid and floor of mouth

Question 43

what is the innervation of mylohyoid

Answer 43

nerve to mylohyoid

Question 44

where does the anterior digastric attach

Answer 44

digastric fossa and intermediate tendon

Question 45

what does the anterior digastric do

Answer 45

raise hyoid and open mouth

Question 46

what is the innervation of the anterior digastric

Answer 46

nerve to mylohyoid

Question 47

where does the posterior digastric attach

Answer 47

mastoid notch on mastoid process and intermediate tendon

Question 48

what is the action of the posterior digastric

Answer 48

elevate and retract hyoid

Question 49

what is the innervation of posterior digastric

Answer 49

digastric branch of CNVII

Question 50

where does the stylohyoid attach

Answer 50

styloid process and hyoid bone

Question 51

what does the stylohyoid do

Answer 51

pulls hyoid bone up

Question 52

what innervates the stylohyoid

Answer 52

facial nerve

Question 53

where does the geniohyoid attach

Answer 53

mandible (mental spines) and body of hyoid

Question 54

what is the action of the geniohyoid

Answer 54

elevates and pulls hyoid forward/pulls mandible downward and inward

Question 55

what is the innervation of the geniohyoid

Answer 55

anterior ramus of c1

Question 56

what are the branches of the ECA

Answer 56

superior thyroid, ascending pharyngeal, occipital, lingual, facial, posterior auricular, superficial temporal, maxillary