Anterior Triangle: Carotid Triangle and Neurovascular Structures Flashcards
what does the carotid triangle contain
thyroid gland, larynx, carotid sheath, branches of cervical plexus, superior root of ansa cervicalis, deep cervical lymph nodes
what are the main contents of the carotid sheath
common carotid artery (internal and external too), internal jugular vein, vagus nerve
where does the carotid sheath run from
the carotid foramen to the aortic arch
what is the pathway of the common carotid artery on the right side of the heart
right side of aorta - brachiocephalic trunk - common carotid
what is the pathway of the common carotid artery on the left side of the heart
left side of aorta - common carotid
where does the common carotid artery bifurcate?
C4
where does the internal carotid artery go and supply
into the cranium and supplies interior circulation of brain
where does the external carotid artery go and supply
external cranium and has a lot of branches in the neck
what is the carotid sinus and where is it
enlargement at the bifurcation of common carotid artery
what does the carotid sinus contain and what do these do
baroreceptors and they monitor blood pressure to keep homeostatic values
what is the carotid sinus innervated by
glossopharyngeal nerve and vagus nerve
what is the carotid body and what does it contain
small organ which contains chemoreceptors
where is the carotid body
at the bifurcation of common carotid artery near carotid sinus
what do the chemoreceptors in the carotid body do
monitor blood gases, pH and temperature
what is the carotid body innervated by
glossopharyngeal and vagus nerve
what are the branches of the external carotid artery
ascending pharyngeal, superior thyroid, lingual, facial, occipital, posterior auricular, superficial temporal, maxillary
what does the external carotid artery supply
the majority of the scalp and facial blood supply
what does the internal jugular vein do?
drain blood from the brain, skull, face and parts of the neck
where does the internal jugular vein run
exits through skull through jugular foramen and enters carotid sheath (lateral to CCA)
what veins drain into the IJV
inferior petrosal sinus, pharyngeal, occipital, facial, lingual, superior thyroid, middle thyroid
what does the internal jugular vein join
the subclavian vein to become the brachiocephalic vein
what is distributed along the internal jugular vein
lymph nodes
what is the inferior bulb and valve
a valve in the internal jugular vein which prevents backflow when there is an increase in thoracic pressure
what muscle runs across the internal jugular vein
omohyoid
where does the external jugular vein begin and what does it join
at the angle of the mandible and joins posterior auricular and retromandibular veins
what veins drain into the ejv
posterior external jugular, transverse cervical, suprascapular, anterior jugular
what does the external jugular vein cross over and where does it go
the SCM to pierce investing fascia and drain to subclavian vein
what are the 5 branches of the facial nerve
temporal, zygomatic, buccal, mandibular, cervical
what branch of the facial nerve innervates the platysma
cervical
where does the glossopharyngeal nerve travel
exits the jugular foramen and travels downward between the IJV and ICA. Forwards to the oral cavity (tongue) but also downwards the pharynx
where does the vagus nerve travel
exits the jugular foramen and travels downward within carotid sheath with IJV and CCA (ICA)
where do the branches of the vagus nerve go in the neck
towards the pharynx, the carotid body
what nerve does the recurrent laryngeal nerve come from
vagus nerve
where does the recurrent laryngeal nerve arise on either side of the heart
inferiorly near to subclavian artery (on right), on arch of aorta (on left)
where does the spinal nerve travel
exits the jugular foramen and travels downward between the IJV and ICA. Then crosses IJV to go to SCM and trapezius
where does the hypoglossal nerve travel
exits the hypoglossal canal and is between IJV and ICA, then crosses the ICA and ECA on its way to the oral cavity
what is the cervical plexus formed by
rami of cranial spinal nerves
where is the ansa cervicalis
second level loop of the cranial plexus
what does the ansa cervicalis innervate
infrahyoid muscles
what does the transverse cervical nerve innervate
SCM and anterior triangle
where is the brachial plexus
between neck and shoulder underneath the cervical plexus
