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REPOSITORY - Head and Neck Anatomy > Anterior Triangle: Muscular Triangle and Endocrine Glands > Flashcards

Anterior Triangle: Muscular Triangle and Endocrine Glands Flashcards

1
Q

what are the borders of the anterior triangle

A

inferior border of mandible, anterior border of SCM and midline of neck

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2
Q

what is the roof of the anterior triangle

A

deep investing fascia around muscles

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3
Q

what is the floor of the anterior triangle

A

pretracheal fascia and carotid sheath

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4
Q

what are the subdivisions of the anterior triangle of the neck

A

submandibular, submental, carotid and muscular

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5
Q

what does the submandibular division contain

A

submandibular gland, lymph nodes, mylohyoid nerve and parts of facial artery and vein

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6
Q

what does the submental division contain

A

submental lymph nodes and some small veins

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7
Q

what does the carotid triangle contain

A

thyroid gland, larynx, pharynx, carotid sheath, branches of cervical plexus, superior root of ansa cervicalis, CNXI and XII and deep cervical lymph nodes

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8
Q

what does the muscular division contain

A

sternohyoid and sternothyroid muscles, thyroid and parathyroid glands

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9
Q

what do the suprahyoid muscles connect to

A

skull or mandible

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10
Q

what are the suprahyoid muscles

A

mylohyoid, digastric, stylohyoid, geniohyoid

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11
Q

what do the infrahyoid muscles connect to

A

inferior structures (sternum, scapula, thyroid cartilage)

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12
Q

what are the infrahyoid muscles

A

sternohyoid, omohyoid, thyrohyoid, sternothyroid

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13
Q

what do the suprahyoid muscles do

A

elevate the hyoid and larynx and constitute substance of floor of mouth

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14
Q

what is the origin of the mylohyoid

A

mylohyoid line on mandible

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15
Q

what is the insertion of mylohyoid

A

body of hyoid and fibres of opposite mylohyoid

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16
Q

what are the 2 parts of the digastric

A

anterior and posterior bellies

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17
Q

what is the origin of the anterior digastric

A

digastric fossa on lower medial aspect of mandible

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18
Q

what is the insertion of the anterior digastric

A

attachment of intermediate tendon at hyoid

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19
Q

what is the action of anterior digastric

A

raises hyoid and lowers mandible

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20
Q

what is the origin of posterior digastric

A

mastoid notch on medial side of mastoid process

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21
Q

what is the insertion of posterior digastric

A

attachment of intermediate tendon at hyoid

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22
Q

what does the posterior digastric do

A

elevates and retracts hyoid bone

23
Q

what is the mylohyoid innervated by

A

CNV3 inferior alveolar branch (branch to mylohyoid)

24
Q

what is the digastric innervated by?

A

anterior (nerve to mylohyoid), posterior (digastric branch of CNVIII - facial nerve)

25
Q

what are the additional suprahyoid muscles

A

stylohyoid, geniohyoid

26
Q

what is the origin of the stylohyoid

A

styloid process

27
Q

what is the insertion of the stylohyoid

A

body of the hyoid

28
Q

what is the action of the stylohyoid

A

pulls hyoid bone upward

29
Q

what is the innervation of the stylohyoid

30
Q

what is the origin of the geniohyoid

31
Q

what is the insertion of the geniohyoid

A

body of hyoid

32
Q

what is the action of the geniohyoid

A

elevates and pulls hyoid and pulls mandible down and inward

33
Q

what is the innervation of the geniohyoid

A

anterior ramus of C1

34
Q

what are the actions of the infrahyoid muscles

A

depress or fix hyoid bone and provide attachment for suprahyoid muscles

35
Q

what is the origin of the sternohyoid

A

posterior surface of sternoclavicular joint and manubrium

36
Q

what is the insertion of the sternohyoid

A

body of hyoid medially

37
Q

what are the parts of the omohyoid

A

inferior and superior bellies

38
Q

what is the origin of the superior omohyoid

A

intermediate tendon

39
Q

what is the insertion of the superior omohyoid

A

body of hyoid

40
Q

what is the origin of the inferior omohyoid

A

superior border of scapula

41
Q

what is the insertion of the inferior omohyoid

A

intermediate tendon posterior triangle

42
Q

what is the origin of the thyrohoiyd

A

oblique line on thyroid cartilage

43
Q

what is the insertion of the thyrohyoid

A

greater horn and adjacent body of hyoid

44
Q

what is the origin of the sternothyroid

A

posterior surface of manubrium

45
Q

what is the insertion of the sternothyroid

A

oblique line on thyroid cartilage

46
Q

what are the sternohyoid, omohyoid and sternothyroid innervated by?

A

anterior rami of C1 to C3 (ansa cervicalis)

47
Q

what is the thyrohyoid innervated by?

A

anterior rami of C1

48
Q

what is the thyroid gland composed of?

A

2 lateral lobes, middle isthmus and midline pyramidal lobe

49
Q

what is the arterial supply to the thyroid gland

A

superior thyroid artery, inferior thyroid artery

50
Q

what is the venous drainage of the thyroid gland

A

superior thyroid vein, middle thyroid vein, inferior thyroid vein

51
Q

where are the parathyroid glands

A

posterior surface of thyroid

52
Q

what is the blood supply to the parathyroid glands

A

inferior thyroid arteries

53
Q

what are the parathyroid and thyroid glands innervated by

A

thyroid branches from the cervical ganglia (these constrict blood vessels)

54
Q

what do you need to consider with neck surgery

A

damage to laryngeal neve

REPOSITORY - Head and Neck Anatomy (25 decks)

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