strip mall fires Flashcards
___ are basically very large commercial structures divided into smaller occupancies
strip malls (254)
a typical store in a strip mall is form 20-30 ft wide and __ -___ ft deep
75 -100
is the fire load per square foot much heavier in commercial occupancies
yes
what are the 2 primary roof constructions in strip malls
wood truss (or wooden ibeam) open web trusses
any significant fire affecting the roof assembly of a light weight truss roof should warrant a __ operation
defensive
roof construction of strip malls can fail with in __ min of flame impingement
5
the combination of large undivided areas and ___ fire loads creates a collapse hazard
heavy (255)
the constructing of strip malls in las vegas is typically type _ non-combustible, type V lightweight wood or a combination of the 2
2 (II)
in strip malls both type II and type V construction create the same primary hazards of early roof collapse, fire extension through the attic space and a flammable ___
mansard
type ___ non-combustible strip malls come in 2 basic forms. 1 utilizes some type of cement masonry units (cinder blocks) to build exterior walls; the other uses tilt up construction. the roof assembly is supported by open web truss and the roof is composed of metal decking. partition walls are framed with metal studs covered by sheet rock
2 (II)
type __ lightweight wood construction is the most common type of strip mall in las vegas. it has all the dangers of residential lightweight construction with the added threat of large unsupported areas under lightweight trusses or wooden I beams.
V
the combination of type II and V are similar to type ___ ordinary construction
3 (III) (256)
a ___ is a continuation of the outer wall above a strip mall buildings roof level. it is a free standing unsupported wall
parapet
___ poase a potential structural problem because they become dislodged and collapse if the buildings roof support moves
parapet
parapet are susceptible to being knocked over by aerial ladder or __ streams that strike them
master
parapets can be __-__ feet above the roof creating a access problem
5- 10
an easy way to estimate the height of a parapet is to visually measure the ___ ___ protruding form the roof
irrigation scuppers
do mansards and facades present a significant collapse hazard
yes
if possible you may attack fire from the rear of a building to avoid a possible ___ hazard
collapse
typically the alpha side of a strip mall is primarily composed of ___
glass
what tool can be used to gain entry into a locked unit of a strip mall
k-tool
doors to commercial structures will open ___ and are often secured with multiple locks and drop in bars which are evident by the bolts penetrating the door
outward (257)
strip malls constructed of lightweight wood frame might be accessed more easily through the __ __ then through the doors
wall studs
a fire wall is supposed to stand up to __ - __ hours of fire
3-4
anchor stores in strip malls will often separate themselves from the other occupants by a __ or __ exterior wall. this exterior wall will act as a fire wall
masonry or concrete
true or false anchor stores and the rest of the strip mall be constructed completely different
true
walls that partition tenants are only required to by fire ___
barriers
a partition wall in a strip mall that creates a fire barrier is constructed of ___” sheet rock on each side of a stud wall. some builders will use 5/8” sheet rock which will give additional protection
1/2”
partition walls are very helpful at holding the __ spread of the fire but cant be expected to hold the fire for long
horizontal
partition walls extend from the floor to the underside of the
roof decking
the attic space in modern strip malls is divided by the occupancy
partition walls (258)
the availability of additional water should always be concern at ___ fires
commercial
the availability of additional water should always be concern at commercial fires. we should bring in ___ separate hydrants to give us an uninterrupted water supply and train our engineers to advise command early of any water pressure deficits
2
the 2 key factors to understanding fire spread in commercial strip mall fires are that occupancies are generally
large, undivided areas
fire load is larger
a typical store in a strip mall is ___-___ feet wide
20-30
a typical store in a strip mall is ___-___ feet deep
75 -100
a typical store in a strip mall has a ceiling height of ___-___ feet
12-16
because of the size and openness of a store in a strip mall it creates bigger fires that extend
rapidly
in strip mall buildings fire has access to a larger area without being obstructed by walls. this creates bigger fires that extend rapidly. additional the fire loading per square foot is often much heavier in commercial occupancies. both these factors produce larger, __ __ fires
faster moving
when steel bar trusses are exposed to fire the heated steel begins to ___
sag
when steel bar trusses are exposed to fire the heated to sag. this sagging warns of impending __, something that wood trusses do not do
failure
if you are conducting roof operations be aware of light weight roofs because you added weight could cause ___
failure (259)
common attics must be checked from underneath and in all immediate __
exposures
one of the early exposure assignments should include identifying __ __ and the type of __ specific to the involved strip mall
roof construction and the type of attic
an advantage to fighting strip mall fires is that the entire unobstructed area of a typical occupancy can be attacked form a safe distance with ___ __
large hose streams (260)
the advantage of having a common attic space is that the roof can be
opened at a safer remote location
because of the lightweight roof assemblies I n these structures we don not want to vertically ventilate ___
immediately over the fire
in strip mall fires we should always try to save the most amount of property. attempt to protect the long or the __ __ side of the property 1st before attempting to salvage lesser areas
most valuable (261)
when going defensive in a strip mall fire start your defense on the side with the most amount of unprotected ___
exposures
the ic may address the support of the FDC with a resource from the __ alarm
1st
a small strip mall occupancy that is full involved will require a flow of at least __ gmp to control the fire
533 (262)
it safe to expect most hydrants to supply up to ___ gpm but not much more
1500
if you are staged at a strip mall fire you should study the map and identify the ___ that are strategically placed
hydrants
the greatest hazard at strip mall fires is
early roof collapse (263)
what are the signs of probable roof assembly involvement that an officer should be aware of
major fire involvement
fire involvement in 2 or more occupancies
hot rising smoke from attic vents
fire venting from the roof
the following are signs of what in a strip mall fire
major fire involvement
fire involvement in 2 or more occupancies
hot rising smoke from attic vents
fire venting from the roof
roof assembly involvement
if the officer meets any of these conditions what should he do
major fire involvement
fire involvement in 2 or more occupancies
hot rising smoke from attic vents
fire venting from the roof
do not deploy personnel into or over the involved occupancy until a better view of roof components can be accomplished
with any large fire, __ ventilation is the ideal strategy to control horizontal spread to other occupancies
vertical
when presented with a large fire at a strip mall the ic has 2 basic options for ventilation what are they
vertical (trench over a uninvolved occupancy and establish defense there
make as many horizontal opening as possible and defend the exposure boundaries
mansards are not always firmly secured to the exterior creating an additional ___ hazard
collapse (264)
___ must be checked for fire extension at any significant fire at a strip mall
mansard
when there is a confirmed fire in a strip mall, call for a __
2nd alarm
in addition to RIT, medical, safety and rehab what 5 divisions will need to be made immediately in a strip mall fire
alpha bravo Charlie delta roof
a second alarm will be called on a strip mall fire if there are
any signs of fire showing upon arrival
confirmation of a fire is made while en route
for a strip mall fire a ___ strategy can only be chosen if the officer has determined that the fire is small enough to be controlled with hand lines and the roof assembly is not yet involved
offensive
one of the most beneficial places to spot the ___ is in line with and out of the collapse zone
engine
the 1 st truck should be positioned on the __ side if possible as this a good offensive location
Charlie
where is the best place to check for extension into the mansard
from the roof to the rear of the mansard
if an engine company is assigned to Charlie division what are there responsibilities
support FDC (265)
report conditions to command
control utilities
open doors
the _ company should secure a water supply for a confirmed fire at a strip mall. all other should be prepared to bring a water supply
1st
for any significant fire at a strip mall use the ___ “ line should be strongly considered
2 1/2
a 2 1/2” hose line can easily deliver between __-__ gpm and has a reach of more than __ feet
250-350gpm
100ft
what is the average depth of a strip mall unit
70-100 ft
how many people to operate a 1 3/4 “ line
2
how many people to operate a 2 1/2’ line
3
which is more manpower efficient a 2 1/2 or 1 3/4
2 1/2”
the utilities are usually located in the back of the building. shut off ___ units 1 st to reduce the load prior to switching the main power switch to off
individual (266)
what is the minimum PPE required for controlling utilities
turnouts
helmet
gloves
eye protection
when assigned to back up you should pull a line that is what in size
equal to or greater than the attack line
the back up line should follow the path of the
attack line
one the back up line has been stretched the officer assigned to back up should follow the attack line to the attack officer and check on
their progress and safety
checking for extension is done at the __ wall that divides the 2 occupancies
party
once the fire is out an evaluation must be made of the __ of the structure before thorough overhaul and salvage can take place
stability (267)
anytime we have personnel inside an IDLH atmosphere without a confirmed rescue situation, a ___ will be in place
RIT (268)
should multiple RITs be considered in any working commercial fire
yes
if an FDC is present the ic must support it with one of the engines from the __ alarm
1st
__ should be established for any offensive fire
ventilation
does the Charlie division need a water supply
yes (269)
a working fire at a strip mall will warrant the assignment of a __ officer
safety
safety must constantly communicate findings with command. this information is critical to the __-__ __-__
on-going size-up
a ____ strategy is an exterior operation, in which the greatest priority is protecting exposures
defensive (270)
a defensive strategy is chosen when an evaluation of the situation determines that there is nothing savable in the involved structure, the intensity of the fire is too great, or adequate ___ are not available to coordinate an offensive attack
resources
the following are \_\_\_ conditions delayed response structural elements involved/failing on arrival fire through the roof on arrival condemned structure no confirmed occupants no sustainable water supply hazmat or flammable liquids present inadequate staffing
defensive
a___ operation should be and more methodical than an offensive operation
defensive (272)
the primary strategy for mitigating a fire involving a strip mall is an
aggressive, large diameter frontal attack in conjunction with aggressive exposure protection (274)
a __ __ is essentially a closed container with excessive fire loads
strip mall
in order to stop the progression of fire in a strip mall speed is essential and deck guns, portable monitors and 2 1/2” hand lines are necessary tools. for penetration and reach opt for ___ __
straight streams
to achieve a quick knock down it is best to attack from the __ of the involved building
front (275)
t/f any significant fire should warrant the removal of all store front glass
true
if you are assigned ___ division then you will need to quickly identify the wall construction, roof construction, attic situation and advise command of these building criteria
exposure
if you assigned exposure division then you will need to quickly identify
the wall construction, roof construction, attic situation
___ ventilation is ideal for most strip malls
vertical
we will never place personnel under or on top of a lightweight roof assembly that is
involved in fire
the following is included on what type of roof roof vents present conditions of roof concentrated loads firewalls basic blueprint if unusual actions being taken truss type and direction
roof size up
what info is given on a roof size up
type of roof roof vents present conditions of roof concentrated loads firewalls basic blueprint if unusual actions being taken truss type and direction
if the roof division/vent grp does vent/trench cut then they should conduct a __-__ report including
where you cut
what affect it had
conditions in the attic
follow-up
if the roof division/vent grp does vent/trench cut then they should conduct a follow -up report including what info
where you cut (276)
what affect it had
conditions in the attic
upon receipt of an emergency traffic withdraw order, the company officer shall
acknowledge the withdraw order
assemble crews and promptly exit to a safe location
again account for all crew members
notify command they have evacuated and have a par
a failure to respond to a abandon the building order could result in a serious injury or
death (277)
a __ __ __ order will be given over he radio when dispatch sounds a high low tone for 5 seconds
abandon the building
when an abandon the building order is given all fire department apparatus will sound their horns for __ seconds
15
a __ __ __ order will be given where there is potential for
building collapse
possible explosion
other hazardous conditions that dictate an immediate evacuation
abandon the building
upon notification of the abandon the building order crews will immediately do
the following
exit to a safe area
conduct a PAR
report the location and status of crew
