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ocs 2013 > single family dwelling fires > Flashcards

single family dwelling fires Flashcards

1
Q

private homes are responsible for __ % of annual civilian fire deaths

A

70 (206)

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2
Q

statistics are not surprising because the majority of devices likely to produce fires are located on the __ floor of homes and most victims still inside will be found in bedrooms or sleeping areas

A

1st

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3
Q

the majority of homes are wood frame or ___ construction and the fire load is relatively light, the fact that most fire deaths occur here can be attributed primarily to the 5 occupant factors

A

ordinary

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4
Q

what are the 5 occupant factors that primarily attribute to house fires

A 
unsafe sleeping habits
carelessness and indifference
improper storage and house keeping
complacency
home repair specialists
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5
Q

smoke detectors, smoking in bed, overloaded outlets, improper wiring, unattended candles and cooking are examples of

A

carelessness and indifference

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6
Q

most of the private dwellings in the city of las vegas are constructed of type ___ lightweight wood frame platform

A

V (207)

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7
Q

__ __ is a wood stud framing system in which all studs are one story in height and the floors above provide inherent stopping

A

platform framing

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8
Q

platform buildings are built in attempt to confine the fire to __ floor

A

1

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9
Q

the major compromise in muli-story platform construction is the __ __

A

open stairway

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10
Q

lightweight wood construction includes the use of wood trusses and laminated wooden __-___

A

I-beams (208)

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11
Q

wood truss are engineered as complete a system which means that multiple components share and distribute the load they are supporting if any part fails what can happen

A

the entire system could collapse

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12
Q

aluminum and steel frame studs have all the dangerous characteristics of heated ___ and will begin to lose strength when heated

A

steel

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13
Q

__-__ consist of exterior walls that are constructed with Styrofoam block or steel wire panel forms that are covered or filled with concrete

A

poly-foam

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14
Q

poly foam construction use lightweight wood trusses and interior walls framed of wood making them similar to type __ construction

A

II

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15
Q

what are the 2 different codes that determine how homes are built fire safe

A

2009 IFC code book

las vegas city amendments

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16
Q

the 2009 IFC code book and las vegas city amendments regulate how structures must be built to be __ safe

A

fire

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17
Q

the 2009 international residential building code mandates how homes must be built to ensure that they are __ __

A

structurally sound

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18
Q

residential homes are required to have __ hour fire barrier between the garage and the living area

A

1 (209)

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19
Q

a fire wall is usually required to have __ hour rating

A

4

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20
Q

the actual requirement for a garage wall is called __ one hour wall which means that only 1 side of the garage wall is require to be buil in accordance with this building ordinance

A

modified

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21
Q

a modified garage fire barrier is most commonly built using 5/8 type ___ drywall on one side of the wall with a self closing solid core door and dampered ductwork

A

X

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22
Q

are there specific fire ratings required on floors walls and ceilings

A

no

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23
Q

in a platform construction each floor is supposed to be an independent ___ but breaches are often made between rooms and floors without any fire stop requirements. the most common is HVAC and duct work

A

compartment

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24
Q

fire stops are required vertically in between wall studs every __ feet

A

10

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25
Q

it is possible for fire to move laterally between studs if they have been drilled out for __ or plumbing purposes

A

electrical

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26
Q

the code requires a fire draft stop every ___ sq ft of open attic space

A

3000

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27
Q

a___ ___ is a barrier designed to slow the spread of fire in these open spaces

A

draft stop

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28
Q

a draft stop can be constructed of __ “ sheet rock plywood, particle board or OSB. it

A

1/2”

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29
Q

a draft stop extends from the ceiling of the home to the

A

underside of the roof decking

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30
Q

the fire code requires that homes be located no farther than __ ft from the nearest hydrant

A

300 (210)

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31
Q

hydrant spacing in residential area is a max of __ ft apart or 600 ft if the homes are sprinkled

A

500

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32
Q

homes are required to have interconnected battery backup smoke detectors in each __ area and common egress avenues

A

sleeping

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33
Q

are carbon monoxide detectors required per the fire code

A

no

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34
Q

residential sprinkler requirements are considered on a case by case basis. generally any home over ___ sq dt in the city of las vegas will be sprinklered along with all residential board and care facilities

A

5000

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35
Q

circumstances that may require residential sprinklers are __ and __

A

access and size

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36
Q

the access requirement mandates that if a home has access from only one direction and the street is linger that __ ft then it must be sprinklered no matter what the sixe of the house

A

600

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37
Q

if a home is more than ___ ft away from the curb (fire lane) then there is a good chance it will be required to be sprinklered

A

150

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38
Q

the size requirements are based on the fd ability to produce the fire flow necessary to extinguish the fire, since most hydrants in the city of las vegas are a minimum of ___ gpm and ___ psi, the majority of city homes are not affected by this issue

A

1500gpm and 20 psi

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39
Q

as a general rule the prevention division states that homes __ sqft or smaller will not require sprinklers unless they have an access problem or a special community development issue such as built on the top of a hill

A

5000

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40
Q

all homes 5000 sqft or larger must be reviewed by ___ __ and 90% of these are required to install sprinklers because they cannot meet the minimum fire flow requirements

A

fire prevention

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41
Q

homes that are ___ sqft or larger require a FDC to help support their sprinkler system

A

10000

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42
Q

in very large homes the FDC is located near the __ or __

A

curb or driveway

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43
Q

residential sprinkler systems are only designed to allow for occupants to ___ __; they will not extinguish a well involved fire

A

escape quickly

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44
Q

true or false residential sprinklers are like commercial sprinklers and will be installed in every part of the house

A

false(211)

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45
Q

platform frame buildings are built in an attempt to confine the fire to __ __

A

one floor

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46
Q

___ systems in a building such as plumbing, electrical and when present HVAC systems, negate the effects of a platform frame

A

utility

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47
Q

___ are framed out areas in a building that are usually above kitchen sinks and cabinets

A

soffits

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48
Q

are there fire stops in soffits

A

no

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49
Q

wood has an average ignition temperature of __ degrees

A

400

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50
Q

wood burns at a rate of 1” every __ min

A

40

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51
Q

most modern construction is not composed of 2x4 studs anymore rather they are composed of __ x __ or less

A

1 1/2 x 3 1/2

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52
Q

what are 3 indicators that a roof or floor is going to partially or full collapse

A 
sagging or spongy sheathing
distorted structural members
unusual creaks or cracking noises
heavy dead or impact loads
improper vertical vent
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53
Q

according to recent test performed by the NFPA and underwriters laboratories, lightweight wood truss construction can be expected to fail without warning in as little as __ min of fire exposure

A

5 (212)

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54
Q

as a general rule once a room has ___ it can be assumed that the structural members are being compromised

A

flashed

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55
Q

most trusses are connected with sheet metal __ or __

A

gusset plate or gang nail

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56
Q

a gusset plate penetrates the wood approx. __ inch and readily pulls free when exposed to heat

A

1/4

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57
Q

__ __ __ is becoming more popular and replacing the gusset plate with a glued joint

A

glue fingered jointed truss

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58
Q

the glue in glue fingered jointed trusses starts to degrade at ___ degrees

A

400

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59
Q

one of the most significant characteristics of the truss is that each piece will simultaneously be exposed to ___

A

fire

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60
Q

__ __-__ are engineered beams formed with 2 x4 top and bottom cords and laminated plywood as a web member.

A

laminated I-beams

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61
Q

laminated I-beams will fail in as little as __ min without warning

A

5

62
Q

adding to the fire susceptibility of engineered beams is the fact that the glue used to laminate the plywood is combustible and will cause the beam to burn __ and __

A

hotter and faster

63
Q

the fire flow formula estimates the required gpm to darken down the fire within __ - __ seconds, so even if a large family room in a home measuring 20 x 20 that is 100% involved would only require 133 GPM to control with in the above time frame

A

10 -30 (213)

64
Q

what are some of the benefits of single family residents

A 
compartmentation
small room size
doors on rooms
windows in most rooms
effective ppv
65
Q

what is more likely in a single family resident fire total roof collapse or single room collapse

A

single room collapse

66
Q

what are the benefits provided by having doors on most rooms in a single family resident fire

A

closed doors in sleeping areas increase the chance of survival
doors create a natural fire barrier
can be closed while searching to limit fire spread
closed to create a safe refuge

67
Q

having a window in a room provides at least __ means of egress

A

2 (214)

68
Q

glass breaks at about ___ degrees

A

700

69
Q

intentionally breaking window in rooms other than the fire room ___ the systematic removal of smoke and gasses

A

hinders

70
Q

PPV can be very effective in single family homes unless fire ______

A

enters the attic space

71
Q

___ ventilation should be considered if fire has extended in to the attic space

A

vertical

72
Q

what is the primary incident priority

A

life safety

73
Q

most fire deaths occur in

A

single family homes

74
Q

what are some firefighting problems in single family homes

A 
life hazard
open stairways
interior finishes and furnishings
HVAC
construction voids
attic spaces
dangerous roofs
tile roofs
excessive storage and debris
75
Q

search should be focused on removing those in the area of the fire 1st then checking all other areas, beginning with

A

the floor above the main fire

76
Q

the most severe design defect in private dwellings is the

A

open stairway (215)

77
Q

an open staircase in a single family home acts just like a __, funneling fire and gasses upward toward occupants and exposed areas

A

chimney

78
Q

interior doors of single family homes are usually __ __ construction

A

hollow core

79
Q

lack of ___ controlling interior finishes in single family residences can create an extremely fast, hot fire

A

regulations

80
Q

HVAC ventilation and ac systems create 2 primary problems what are they

A

HVAC duct runs throughout the house and negates the advantages of platform construction.
dangerous concentrated load above the ceiling

81
Q

___ are boxed out areas commonly located above kitchen cabinets and sinks as well as above bathroom sinks and around bathtubs

A

soffits (216)

82
Q

soffits are

A

construction voids

83
Q

most plumbing that extends to the 2nd floor of a home will travel up the same wall creating an avenue for __ fire spread

A

vertical

84
Q

fire discovered in the attack space must be aggressively attacked with water application from __ or from the attic vents

A

underneath

85
Q

never place personnel on or under a roof that is unstable, that you suspect to be unstable or has already ___ itself

A

vented

86
Q

a roof slope of __ degrees or less is relatively safe

A

30

87
Q

any roof more than 30 and up to 45 degrees should mandate the use of a __ __

A

roof ladder

88
Q

a roof of greater than __ degrees should not be walked on

A

45

89
Q

any roof condition that causes a reduction in safety should require the use of

A

roof ladder

aerial device

90
Q

before crews committing to the roof great consideration should be given to the __ __ __ of the fire

A

location
size
duration (217)

91
Q

the lvfr policy is that we are only to ventilate on tile roofs if the order is given by __ __ after all safety factors are considered

A

BC

92
Q

if the bc is to employ vertical ventilation on a tile roof then he must be certain that the operation can be done both __ and __

A

safely and effectively

93
Q

what is the best method for removing concrete tiles from a roof

A

pull them completely our of the way and then stack them out of your cut area

94
Q

___ must be considered your 1st option for ventilation on a structure with a tile roof

A

PPV

95
Q

what is the point of entry rule of thumb

A

the safest most effective path of least resistance

96
Q

once you have completed your situational evaluation and have decided on an offensive strategy, a basic __ model can be used on most calls

A

tactical (218)

97
Q

what are the task that must be completed for an offensive fire

A 
apparatus positioning
water supply
hose line/tools
ventilation
utilities
entry
search
extinguish
salvage/overhaul
98
Q

ideally if your engineer can drive just past the involved structure, this will give you __ views of the house before you exit the engine

A

3

99
Q

the front of the structure should be left open for the __

A

truck

100
Q

the engine should park __ to the curb closest to the involved structure as long as you are not in the collapse zone or a potential exposure area

A

adjacent

101
Q

the 1st rescue should also respond directly to the incident and position themselves close enough to the residence to provide immediate support as __ __ or IRIT, but be careful not to block access to other units

A

fire medical

102
Q

if you have an obvious working fire, then you are responsible for adequate uninterrupted

A

water supply

103
Q

1 3/4” line of sufficient length will be pulled and flaked to the point of entry with at least __’ of anchor at the entry point

A

50 (219)

104
Q

what tools should be brought forward

A

haligan
flat head axe
6’ pike pole or rubbish hook

105
Q

in order to be safe an effective with our interior operations the heat and smoke must begin to be ____. it is critical that this be coordinated with fire attack

A

released from the residence

106
Q

if __ is established to early then we may intensify the fire and risk losing a savable life.

A

ventilation

107
Q

use of vertical ventilation in the initial phases of an offensive attack in a private residence may be lass of an effective tactic than ___

A

PPV

108
Q

the ___ division or __ __ group must verify that there is an exhaust hole for PPV prior to opening a door and turning the fan.

A

interior division or fire attack group

109
Q

if there is not an adequate __ __ then PPV will not work and is potentially dangerous

A

exhaust opening

110
Q

discipline yourself and do not enter the residence until ___ is effectively ventilating the structure

A

PPV

111
Q

___ should be placed at the point of entry, turned away and started

A

positive pressure fan

112
Q

ff should follow the point of entry rule of thumb when making an entry which states

A

entry should be executed utilizing the safest most effective path of least resistance

113
Q

initial overhaul and checking for extension should be conducted immediately after ___

A

knockdown

114
Q

when doing overhaul and checking for extension existing openings in construction should be checked ___, including vents, light fixtures, pipe chases, electrical outlets, and switch plates

A

1st

115
Q

when should salvage begin

A

as soon as personnel are available to address it

116
Q

life safety is our primary goal and until we have an all clear, life search must be part of our __ __ __

A

IAP

117
Q

what 2 things are interior crews searching for

A

life and fire

118
Q

you must get sufficient ___ on the fire to extinguish it and aggressively overhaul the fire

A

GPM

119
Q

by definition an offensive attack is an __ operation

A

interior (221)

120
Q

this division is responsible for extending hose lines into the structure to support the primary search, extinguish the fire and check for extension. during their advance, they are responsible for searching for life and fire

A

interior

121
Q

what information should be communicated to command from interior division

A 
personnel in structure 
water on fire
knockdown
primary all clear
CAAN reports
122
Q

the ic should always plan to support the initial attack with a __ __ unit

A

back up

123
Q

__ __ is responsible for protecting the interior divisions primary egress, assisting with the completion of the primary search and helping check for extension. they can also apply additional water flow if needed

A

back up unit

124
Q

in a 2 story home with fire on the 2nd the back up unit should protect the ___ while completing a primary search and checking for extension on the 1st floor

A

stairwell

125
Q

____ is the most common form of ventilation for single family residents

A

PPV (222)

126
Q

PPV without an adequate ___ ___is not acceptable and does not constitute proper ventilation

A

exhaust opening

127
Q

the ventilation group must anticipate and prepare for ___ ventilation prior to the order

A

vertical

128
Q

when going to the roof for ventilation a __ __ -__ should be completed and communicated to command

A

roof size-up

129
Q

offensive operations will be conducted meeting the __ -_/__-__ requirement by conducting fire attack while being accompanied by one of their ff; the other ff and engineer should remain outside

A

two in/two out

130
Q

IRIT should operate on the __ only

A

exterior

131
Q

it is highly recommended to assign an ISO at any structure fire. if available a member of the ___ team will respond and operate as the ISO

A

overhead

132
Q

the ISO should constantly evaluate the operation and provide input to command. the ISO must immediately report any unsafe conditions to ___ and immediately halt any unsafe acts

A

command (223)

133
Q

per ICS if you don’t delegate an ISO , then the __ retains those responsibilities

A

IC

134
Q

some form of rehab should be established at any working fire t/f

A

true

135
Q

protecting exposures can be made given to any unassigned crew or made up from __-__ engineers

A

non pumping

136
Q

rescue can be conducted simultaneous with fire attack if enough personnel are on scene, or ___ to any fire attack if you are by yourself

A

prior

137
Q

when in a defensive strategy at a private residence our goal is to stop the spreading of the fire to the rest of the neighborhood. this is done by prioritizing the exposures and assigning __ to support them

A

divisions (224)

138
Q

what is the primary cause of exposure fires

A

radiant heat

139
Q

in a defensive strategy select a position for your unit where you can accomplish___protection and alternatively hit the fire

A

exposure

140
Q

in a defensive fire all apparatus must be placed outside of the ___ zone and in such a manner that they will not become an exposure to radiant heat

A

collapse

141
Q

if you have a large amount of smoke and fire upon your approach and you are considering a defensive strategy, then it is probably a good idea to secure

A

your own water supply (225)

142
Q

what are the 2 basic options a company has when starting defensive operations

A

protect the most threatened exposure

attack the fire building

143
Q

when operating defensively at a single family residence fire, you have already written off the initial building. your ___ objective is to not let the fire spread to any other homes or exposures

A

strategic

144
Q

who is ems group for

A

civilians

145
Q

when switching from an offensive to a defensive strategy you must be sure that it is communicated effectively to all operating crews. __ __ will be utilized for any changes of strategy to ensure all personnel are aware of the change

A

emergency traffic

146
Q

upon receipt of an emergency traffic withdraw order the company officer shall

A 
acknowledge the withdraw order
assemble their crews
promptly exit to a safe location
account for  all crew members 
notify command of par
standby for new orders
147
Q

__ should be an organized, rapid exit, generally with your equipment

A

withdraw

148
Q

__ __ __ action should be used when an immediate exit of interior personnel is paramount to safety

A

abandon the building

149
Q

dispatch will send an abandon the building order the radio by sounding a high low tone for 5 seconds and all apparatuses will sound their horns for __ seconds

A

15

150
Q

when will an abandon the building order be given

A

building collapse
possible explosion
other hazardous conditions or changes that dictate an immediate exit

151
Q

upon notification of an abandon the building order crews will immediately do the following

A

exit to a safe area
conduct a PAR
report the location and status of crew

ocs 2013 (55 decks)

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