STRESS: MOM - Stress Inoculation Training

Question 1

SIT Name

Answer 1

Stress Inoculation Training

Question 2

SIT - Meichenbaum

Answer 2

Suggested that individuals should develop a form of coping before stress arises so they are protected

Question 3

About SIT

Answer 3

SIT is used to help ind. become more aware of beh. that hinders stress management
cess social support

• Helps ind. to adopt a more constructive narrative perspective to stress

CONSTRUCTIVE NARRATIVE PERSPECTIVE:
Individual constructs ideas about themselves & others

• Nature of stories constructed will influence how an individual copes with stress

Question 4

SIT - Inoculation

Answer 4

To try to prevent a disease by vaccinating against it, often by using a weakened form of the disease

• SIT gives individuals experiences of minor stressors which makes them more prepared & resilient
• Exposing individuals to milder forms of stress can help them develop coping mechanisms & confidence in the future
• Stressor experienced during inoculation:
  
  • Strong enough to arouse person’s senses
  • Not strong enough to cause negative psychological effects

Question 5

SIT - Importance of Perception

Answer 5

TRANSACTIONAL MODEL OF STRESS

• Identifies the importance of how a person perceives a stressor & their ability to cope with it
• SIT aims to give people tools to perceive stressors differently & therefore better deal with them

Question 6

Process of SIT

Answer 6

Conceptualisation

Skills Acquisition (+rehearsal)

Application (+follow through)

Question 7

SIT Conceptualisation

Answer 7

Relationship between client & trainer is established

• Trainer educates client on nature & impact of stress
• Client is taught how to view perceived problems to be solved & how to break big stressors down into smaller manageable ones
  
  • ALLOWS CLIENT TO THINK DIFFERENTLY ABOUT PROBLEMS

Question 8

SIT Skills Acquisition (+rehearsal)

Answer 8

Client taught to acquire & reconsolidate coping skills

• Taught skills are practiced initially in the clinic & gradually rehearsed in real life

E.G. Positive thinking / relaxation / time management

• Barriers which might effect individual from from using strategies = removed

Question 9

SIT Application (+follow through)

Answer 9

Clients practice coping skills in a variety of situations that become increasingly stressful

• Imagery, modelling & role playing are used in rehearsal to prevent relapse
• Taught to see relapse as learning opportunities > problems
• Booster sessions may be organised to ensure techniques are being used appropriately

Question 10

Description of SIT

Answer 10

• Flexible Therapy - customised to an individual
• Therapy depends on stressor being experienced
• Tailored to client’s existing coping strategies
• 8-15 Sessions & some follow-up sessions
• Employed in a wide range of environments

Question 11

SIT :)

Answer 11

Saunders et al. - SIT effectiveness in the workplace

Blumenthal et al. - Long-term effectiveness of SIT

Question 12

SIT :(

Answer 12

Psychological Harm

Robson & Manacapilli - SIT in military

Question 13

SIT :) - Saunders et al.

Answer 13

Reviewed 37 studies in effectiveness of SIT in the workplace
Concluded that it was effective in enhancing performance under stress & reducing anxiety

Question 14

SIT :) - Blumenthal et al.

Answer 14

Researched long-term effectiveness of being taught stress management techniques
Men with coronary heart disease given s/m training - had less health problems over 5 year follow-up - health cost = significantly lessened
NOT SPECIFICALLY SIT; shows giving ppl s/m skills can have a positive effect on the economy

Question 15

SIT :( Psych harm

Answer 15

Exposes an individual to stressors
:) - Benefit of daily gain outweighs small amount of stress experienced during training

Question 16

SIT :( - Robson & Manacapilli

Answer 16

Review of SIT in military
Special Forces personnel = well prepared to deal with acute stress ≠ well prepared to deal with chronic stress