ADDICTION: Social - Peer Influence A01

Question 1

Social Learning Theory - Theorist

Answer 1

Bandura

Question 2

2 Processes of Social Learning Theory

Answer 2

1. Observing a role model
2. Vicarious reinforcement
   - If a role model is reinforced in some way for their behaviour than an individual anticipates similar outcomes and rewards for themselves / is likely to repeat the behaviour

Question 3

Social Learning Theory’s Application to Addiction

Answer 3

APPLICATION TO ADDICTION:

Peers can act as role models - if an individual’s peers smoke & they are ‘rewarded’ through receiving a higher social status & are seen to be enjoying it

→ Individual may also engage in behaviour

Question 4

Perceived Social Norms Definition

Answer 4

Rules of behaviour that are considered acceptable within particular social groups
DESCRIPTIVE NORMS / INJUNCTIVE NORMS

Question 5

Descriptive Norms

Injunctive Norms

Answer 5

D - Perception about how people behave

I - Perception of what is approved or disproved by others

Question 6

Perceived Social Norms’ Application to addiction

Answer 6

STUDENTS: Believe that their peers are drinking more alcohol than they truly are (descriptive norm) and it is more socially acceptable (injunctive norm)

Perkins & Berkowitz - High proportion of students believed being drunk was okay in certain circumstances & believed that their peers approved of the behaviour

→ Individuals act in the way they think is accepted by the group & drink in excess because they overestimate how much others are drinking