STEPS IN THE RESEARCH PROCESS

Question 1

major steps in the research process

Answer 1

• phase 1 conceptual phase
• phase 2 design and planning phase
• phase 3 empirical phase
• phase 4 analytic phase
• phase 5 dissemination phase

Question 2

phase 1: conceptual phase

Answer 2

• formatting and delimiting problem
• reviewing related literature
• developing theoretical framework
• formulating hypothesis

Question 3

phase 2: design and planning phase

Answer 3

• selecting a research design
• identifying population to be studied
• specifying methods to collect research data
• designing sampling plan
• finalizing and reviewing research plan
• conducting pilot study and making revisions

Question 4

phase 3: empirical phase

Answer 4

• collect data

- preparing data for analysis

Question 5

phase 4: analytic phase

Answer 5

• analyzing data

- interpreting results

Question 6

phase 5: dissemination phase

Answer 6

• communicating findings

- utilizing findings in real world

Question 7

sources of research problem

Answer 7

• experience
• OT literature
• theories
• ideas from others

Question 8

developing and refining research problem

Answer 8

• selecting topic
• narrowing topic
• evaluating research problem (significance, researchability, feasibility, interest to researcher)

Question 9

statement of research problem

Answer 9

• shoud identify key study variables and their possible interrelationships and nature of population of interest
• 2 ways: statement of purpose or research question

Question 10

research hypothesis

Answer 10

tentative explanation/prediction between 2 or more variables

Question 11

purposes of research hypothesis

Answer 11

• use to put toward experiment

- guides how you’re thinking and figure out how to answer question

Question 12

characteristics of a workable hypothesis

Answer 12

names of variable independent (can manipulate) dependent (outcome/result) what is the relationship you are expecting

Question 13

hypothesis are derived through

Answer 13

• inductive

- deductive

Question 14

testing hypothesis

Answer 14

empirical data (clinical observation)

Question 15

classification of hypotheses

Answer 15

• simple
• complex (multivariate)
• directional
• non-directional
• research
• statistical (null)

Question 16

simple

Answer 16

1 dependent/independent/relationship

Question 17

complex (multivariate)

Answer 17

-relationship 2 or more dependent/independent variables

Question 18

directional

Answer 18

• relationship has direction

- 1 is better or worst

Question 19

non-directional

Answer 19

• relationship unknown

- no direction/difference

Question 20

research

Answer 20

predicts existance of relationship

Question 21

statistical (null)

Answer 21

absence of relationship

Question 22

heterogeneity

Answer 22

attribute are varied

Question 23

homogeneous

Answer 23

attributes are similar

Question 24

operational definitions

Answer 24

• in your study how are you using it in your study

- influence by perspective/tools

Question 25

conceptual definitions

Answer 25

observing and analyzing already present information on a given topic

Question 26

data

Answer 26

• piece of information

- can be measured in different levels

Question 27

variable

Answer 27

• attribute that varies
• values of continuum and can assume infinite amount of value
• weight/height/temp

Question 28

continuous variables

Answer 28

variables that can take on any value within a range

Question 29

discrete variable

Answer 29

finite number of values between 2 points and they represent discrete qualities
(level of assistance, gender, pain scale)

Question 30

categorical variables

Answer 30

small range of variable that do not inheritedly represent a quantity

Question 31

independent variable

Answer 31

causes something or can be manipulated

Question 32

dependent variable

Answer 32

effect

Question 33

quantitative data

Answer 33

numerical data

Question 34

qualitative data

Answer 34

narrative

Question 35

relationship

Answer 35

bond or connection between 2 entities (cause and effect)

Question 36

control

Answer 36

control variables that may impact relationship

Question 37

dichotomous variable

Answer 37

variables that only have 2 values (agree/disagree)