Steel Flashcards
Steel is the alloy of _______
Iron and Carbon
Why is steel a popular building material among metallic materials
This is due to a wide
range and combination of physical and mechanical properties that steels can have. By suitably
controlling the carbon content, alloying elements and heat treatment, a desired combination of
hardness, ductility and strength can be obtained in steel.
Methods of preparation of Steel
- Bessemer Process
- Lintz and Donawitz (L.D.) process
- Open Hearth Process
- Electric Smelting Process
- Crucible Process
- Duplex Process
- Cementation Process
When was Bessemer process developed?
1856
Who invented the Bessemer process?
Henry Bessemer
When was Lintz and Donawitz process developed?
1953
When was Open Hearth Process developed?
1862
What is Open Hearth Process also called as?
Siemen’s-Martin process
Types of Steel
- Dead Steel
- Mild Steel
- Medium carbon steel
- High Carbon steel (hard steel)
- Cast Steel or tool steel
Carbon content in Dead steel
< 0.15 %
Carbon content in Mild steel
0.15 - 0.3 %
Carbon content in Medium carbon steel
0.3 - 0.8 %
Carbon content in High Carbon steel
0.8 - 1.5 %
Carbon content in Cast steel or tool steel
> 1%
Properties of Mild Steel
- low carbon or soft steel
- more ductile, malleable, tougher and more elastic than wrought iron
- can be forged and welded
- difficult to temper and harden
- rusts quickly
- specific gravity : 7.3
- Ultimate Compressive Strength : 800-1200 N/sq mm
- Ultimate tensile strength : 600 - 800 N/sq mm
