Lecture 13

Question 1

A steel building is also known as ____ starting at the end of the nineteenth century

Answer 1

Skeleton cage, steel skeleton, skeleton frame

Question 2

Greek and Roman Bronze Cramps

Answer 2

Used to join blocks of stone

Question 3

Renaissance wrought iron chains and rods

Answer 3

Used t counter thrusts in arches and vaults

Question 4

Ferrous Metals

Answer 4

Metals that contain iron (latin term for iron is ferrum)

Question 5

Nonferrous metals

Answer 5

Metals that do not contain iron (aluminum and copper)

Question 6

Most important ferrous metal

Answer 6

Steel

Question 7

Why is steel good?

Answer 7

High strength in relation to its weight (choice for skyscrapers and long-span structures)
Malleability and Weldability allow it to be shaped into different stuff

Question 8

Less than 2% carbon

Answer 8

Strong in both tension and compression

Ductile (not prone to sudden failure)

Question 9

Structural Steel

Answer 9

Reasonably strong, highly ductile, and easily welded

Question 10

Wrought Iron

Answer 10

Produced by heating iron ore in a charcoal fire
Extracts oxygen from the ore
Iron oxide reduced to iron
Softens ore enough to squeeze sand out, by a process called working (wrought)
Sand helps prevent corrosion

Question 11

Cast Iron

Answer 11

Melting ore on larger scale
Coke to melt the ore
Mixed in blast furnace

Question 12

First all-metal structure

Answer 12

Coalbrookdale Bridge, 1779

Question 13

Cast iron and glass

Answer 13

Crystal Palace, 1889

Question 14

First tall building supported by fire-protected metal frame (cast iron and steel)

Answer 14

Home Insurance Company Building, 1885

Question 15

Integrated Mill

Answer 15

Blast Furnace, Basic oxygen furnace, Rolling Mill

Question 16

What is hot rolling

Answer 16

Billets, blooms, and slabs are reheated to virtual softening and rolled to the required cross sections

Question 17

Mini Mill

Answer 17

Electric arc furnace converts scrap steel into molten steel. Sent to a vessel (Ladle). Then hot rolled in finished cross-sections