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LARE 4: Grading, Drainage, and Const Documentation > Bricks > Flashcards

Bricks Flashcards

1
Q

Size of Standard Brick (Modular Brick)

A

19 x 9 x 9 cu. cm

19 x 9 x 4 cu. cm

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2
Q

Size of mortar to be applied

A

1 cm

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3
Q

Size of Brick with Mortar

A

20 x 10 x 10 cu.cm

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4
Q

Size of Field Brick

A

9” x 4.5” x 3”

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5
Q

Indent in the brick is called

A

Frog

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6
Q

Size of Frog

A

10 × 4 × 1 cu. cm

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7
Q

Why are frogs provided

A

To hold mortar

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8
Q

Average weight of Bricks

A

30 - 35 N

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9
Q

Classification of Bricks

A

1st Class
2nd Class
3rd Class
4th Class

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10
Q

Characteristics of 1st Class bricks

A

i. Thoroughly burnt, deep red, cherry or copper color
ii. Smooth surface, parallel, sharp and straight edges
iii. Free from flaws, cracks and stones
iv. Uniform textures
v. No impression should be left on the brick when scratched by nail.
vi. Metallic or ringing sound when two bricks struck against each other
vii. Water Absorption should be 12-15% of its dry weight.
viii. Crushing strength not less than 10 N / sq mm
ix. Built in Kilns

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11
Q

Uses of First class brics

A

Pointing, exposed face work in masonry structures, flooring, reinforced brick work

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12
Q

Characteristics of 2nd Class Bricks

A

i. Thoroughly burnt, deep red, cherry or copper color
ii. Smooth surface, parallel, sharp and straight edges
iii. Small Cracks and distortions present
iv. Uniform textures
v. Moderate hardness
vi. Metallic or ringing sound when two bricks struck against each other
vii. Water Absorption should be 16-20% of its dry weight.
viii. Crushing strength not less than 7 N / sq mm
ix. Built in Kilns

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13
Q

Uses of Second Class Bricks

A

Used for all important or unimportant hidden masonry works, and centering of reinforced brick and reinforced cement concrete (RCC) structures. Plasters

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14
Q

Characteristics of 3rd Class Bricks

A

i. Underburnt
ii. Soft and light colored
iii. Dull sound when struck together
iv. Water Absorption about 25% of dry weight
v. Built in Clamps
vi. Irregular shape and size

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15
Q

Use of 3rd Class Bricks

A

Temporary Structures

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16
Q

Characteristics of 4th Class Bricks

A

i. Overburnt
ii. Badly distorted in shape and size
iii. Brittle
iv. Built in Clamps

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17
Q

Use of 4th Class Bricks

A

Used for foundation and floors in lime concrete and road metal

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18
Q

Properties of Good Bricks - Size and Shape

A

uniform size and plane, rectangular surfaces with

parallel sides and sharp straight edges

19
Q

Properties of Good Bricks - Color

A

Uniform deep red or cherry colour

20
Q

Properties of Good Bricks - Texture and Compactness

A

The surfaces should not be too smooth to cause slipping of mortar. It should have a precompact an uniform texture.

21
Q

Properties of Good Bricks - Hardness

A

Hard - when scratched by a finger nail no impression is made

22
Q

Properties of Good Bricks - Sound

A

Metallic sound when two bricks struck together

23
Q

Properties of Good Bricks - Water Absorption

A

Should not exceed 15%

24
Q

Properties of Good Bricks - Crushing Strength

A

Should be more than 10 N / sq mm

25
Q

Properties of Good Bricks - Efflorescence

A

Crystalline deposit of salt when water is dried off (Efflorescence) should not be present

26
Q

Properties of Good Bricks - Organic Mater

A

Should not be present

27
Q

Properties of Good Bricks

A

i. Size and Shape
ii. Color
iii. Texture and Compactness
iv. Hardness
v. Sound
vi. Water Absorption
vii. Crushing Strength
viii. Efflorescence
ix. Organic Matter

28
Q

Composition of a Brick

A
  • Silica 50-60%
  • Alumina 20-30%
  • Lime 5%-10%

< 20% of these:

  • Magnesia < 1%
  • Oxides of Fe < 7%
  • Alkalis < 10%

Very Small Percent of these:

  • CO2
  • SO3
  • H2O
29
Q

Function of Silica in Brick

A
  • Enables brick to retain its shape and imparts durability

- Prevents shrinkage and warping

30
Q

What happens if there is excess silica in brick

A

Brick becomes Brittle and weak on burning

31
Q

Function of Alumina in brick

A

Absorbs water and renders clay plastic

32
Q

What happens if there is excess alumina in brick

A

The brick will develop cracks on drying

33
Q

Function of Lime in Brick

A

Reduces Shrinkage on drying

34
Q

What happens if there is excess Lime in brick

A

It will cause the brick to melt and brick loses its shape

35
Q

Function of Magnesia in Bricks

A

Affects the color and makes the brick yellow in burning. Causes the clay to soften at slower rate and reduces warping

36
Q

Function of Iron Oxide in Bricks

A
  • Gives red color on burning when excess of oxygen is available
  • Improves impermeability and durability
  • Tends to lower fusion point of clay
  • Gives strength and hardness
37
Q

Harmful Substances in Bricks

A
  • Pebbles, Gravels and Grits
  • Iron Pyrites
  • Excess lime, alkalis
  • Organic Matter
  • Carbonaceous Materials
  • Sulphur
  • Water
38
Q

What happens when pebbles, gravel and grits are present in bricks

A

They will not allow the clay to be mixed thoroughly and spoil the appearance of the brick. The bricks may crack while working

39
Q

What happens when Iron Pyrites are present in bricks

A

leads to deceomposition of bricks during burning due to its(pyrite) oxidation. Discolorisation and splitting of bricks

40
Q

What happens when excess Alkalis are present in Bricks

A

Increases water absorption, causes efflorescence.

41
Q

What happens when Organic Matter are present in Bricks

A

Upon burning, the organic matter gets charred and leave pores. Increases water absorption and reduces strength

42
Q

What happens when Carbonaceous Materials are present in Bricks

A

Greatly affects colour of raw clay

43
Q

What happens when Sulphur is present in Bricks

A

Swells the brick upon burning. If in excess, white patches can be seen in the bricks

44
Q

What happens when Water is present in Bricks

A

Causes shrinkage during burning

LARE 4: Grading, Drainage, and Const Documentation (27 decks)

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