staging and grading Flashcards

1
Q

explain the following grades:

  • Gx
  • G1
  • G2
  • G3
  • G4
A
  • Gx; grade cannot be assessed (undetermined)
  • G1 well differentiated (low grade)
  • G2 moderately differentiated (intermediate grade)
  • G3 poorly differentiated (high grade)
  • G4 undifferentiated (high grade)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

in the TNM staging system what does the T mean, what does the N mean and what does the M mean

A
T = extend of tumor
N = regional lymph node involvement
M = distant metastases
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what are the prefixers in the TNM system for before treatment, histopathological, pathologigal after pretreatment

A

cTNM
pTNM
ypTNM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is the T grading in breast cancer

A

T1 <2cm
T2 >2cm, <5cm
T3 >5 cm
T4 extension to chest wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is the N grading in breast cancer

A
N1= axillary lymph node
N2= clavicular lymph node
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

which N grading is used in lung cancer

A
N1 = bronchus lymph nodes
N2 = mediastinum lymph nodes
N3= lymph nodes around the clavicula
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

for what is the ann Arbor staging system used

A

lymphomas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

for what is dukes classification used

A

colon cancer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

for what is breslow scale and clarks level used

A

melanoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

for what is FIGO used

A

gynaecological tumours (cervix, vulva, endometrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

curative treatment

A

treatment aimed at cure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

palliative treatment

A

treatment to alleviate symptoms, cure not inteded

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

best supportive care

A

treatment in terminal phase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

adjuvant

A

treatment given after primary treatment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

primary treatment

A

main treatment modality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

systemic

A

affects a number of organs and tissues, or affects the body as a whole

17
Q

concomitant

A

2 modalities in the same time period

18
Q

sequential

A

2 modalities after each other

19
Q

elective

A

local treatment of an area clinically negative but with high risk of involvement in surgery prohylastic surgery

20
Q

preoperative

A

before operation

21
Q

postoperative

A

after operation

22
Q

peroperative

A

during the operation