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Sprits Flashcards

1
Q

Two types of distillation and describe them

A

Pot still
Continuos still

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2
Q

At what temperature does alchol evaporate

A

78c

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3
Q

What is gin produced from

A

Wheat
Barley
Grain
Maize
Rye

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4
Q

What botanicals are used in gin production

A

Juniper lemon
Orange
Liquor ice

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5
Q

Describe London dry gin

A

Driest of all gins

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6
Q

How is Plymouth gin compared to London gin

Where can it be produced

A

Less crisp

Only in Plymouth as it has a PGI

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7
Q

What is sloe gin

A

Liqueur - it is a sweetened flavored spirit made by steeping sloes in gin with sugar

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8
Q

How is old Tom gin

A

Softer than London and play mouth

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9
Q

Where does the name gin come from

A

The name derives from juniper berries which in Dutch is ‘juniper-genievre’

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10
Q

What is vodka produced from

A

Rye
Grain

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11
Q

Where is vodka originally from

A

Russia and Poland

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12
Q

What is the distillation method of vodka

A

Continuous still

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13
Q

What material are the filter used to produce vodka

A

Charcoal

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14
Q

Most common flavors of vodka

A

Lemon
Vanilla
Orange
Rasberry

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15
Q

3 main ingredients of whiskey

A

Malted barley
Water
Yeast

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16
Q

Other cereals we can find in whiskey

A

Barley
Rye
Maize (mais)

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17
Q

Where is scotch whiskey from

A

Scotland

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18
Q

What are the four types of scotch

A

Single malt
Single grain
Vatted malt
Blended

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19
Q

Define batted malt whiskey (blended scotch whisky)

A

Blend of malts that come from one or different distilleries

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20
Q

Blended (grain scotch) whisky

A

Blend of malt and grain whiskey from different distilleries

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21
Q

Define single malt whiskey

A

‘Single’ refers to the fact the whisky was a blend (it is always a blend) made only in ONE distillery

It is not the blend of whiskeys that come from several distilleries

It comes from malted barley and it is double distilled

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22
Q

5 regions of scotch whisky

A

Highland
Lowland
Islands
Campbeltown
Islay

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23
Q

Describe highland whiskey

A

80% cows from here
Light, floral, lightly smoky, fully flavoured

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24
Q

Most important producer in the highlands

A

The Macallan

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25
Describe the scotch from the islands
They have peat flavor, salty seaweed aromas and they are the most pungent (together with islay)
26
Name one island part of the island region
Skye
27
One producer from the islands
Talisker from skye
28
Describe islay whiskey
Strong pit aromas, very smoky
29
Name one producer from islay
Laphroaig
30
Describe whisky’s from lowlands
Lighter and softer than highlands Sweeter taste
31
Minimum aging in oak for scotch
Three years
32
What kind of oak is used to age scotch
Sherry or burbon casks
33
Irish whiskey main ingredient
Malted and I malted barley + grains
34
Difference between Irish and Scottish whiskey
In Irish whisky Germination is stopped by heating the grains in a closed kiln instead of over a pit fire like in Scotland
35
Which is the only Irish PEATED single malt whisky in Ireland?
Connemara
36
What is the correct spelling for scotch compared to other whisky
Scotland - whisky Us and Ireland - whiskey
37
Types of Irish whiskeys 4
Irish blend Single malt Irish Single grain Irish Single pot still
38
American whiskeys types 4
Rye whiskey Bourbon whiskey Tennessee whiskey Corn whiskey
39
Two more types of whiskey different from amarican
Canadian whiskey and Japanese whiskey
40
Requirements for rye whiskey (grain and aging) Where is it mainly produced and method of distillation
Min 51% rye Aging min 2y Maryland and Pennsylvania Continuous still
41
Bourbon whiskey requirements Where is it produced the most and method of distillation
Min 51% corn/maize Min aging of 2y (if aged less than 4 years the label must carry and age statement) Kentucky Continuous still
42
Corn whiskey requirements
Min 80% corn/maize
43
Tennessee whiskey requirements
Min 51% corn
44
What is the difference between bourbon and tennesse whiskey
Tennessee one is filtered through maple charcoal
45
Particularity about Canadian (rye) whiskeys Min aging
Even-though it’s written rye, there is no legal requirement of a min % or to contain it at all 3 years
46
Japanese whiskey: ingredients
Corn/maze Millet (miglio) Rice (They also import barley from Scotland)
47
Blending Japanese whiskey with other spirits is possible?
They can blend up to 10% with other neutral spirit and still sell it ans whiskey. But not abroad Japan can import spirits, bottle them in Japan and sell it worldwide as Japanese
48
In what part of the world is rum produces
West Indies: North America/outside Mexico coast + India, Indonesia and so much more
49
Main two types of rum
Light and dark
50
What is rum main ingredient
Sugar cane fermented molasses or juice
51
Why is caramel used in rum production
To make it darker
52
What’s the min aging of rum in oak
3 years
53
Varieties of rum
Light, white, silver Damerara rum Dark or black rum Golden rum Spiced rum
54
Where is light/silver rum originally from Type of distillation Type of maturation
Cuba Continuos still One year in glass/stainless steel/uncharred oak + filtered through charcoal to remove colour
55
Demerara rum where is it from How long is maturation
Guyana (takes the name from the river demerara) 3y aging
56
Dark or black rum: where is it from Aging
Jamaica 5-7y aging
57
Where does golden rum gets its colour from
The oak maturation
58
Where can brandy be produced
Wherever wine is produced because it’s the distillation of wine
59
What is the abv of eau de vie and a brandy cannot go over according to the eu laws
EAU de vie: 86% Brandy: 94.8%
60
Minimum aging of brandy
Two years
61
6 subregions of cognac
Grande champagne Petite champagne Borderies Fins bois Bons bois Bois ordinaire Bois a terroir
62
Where is the best soil to produce cognac and what type of soil is it
Grande champagne Chalk rich in calcium
63
3 grapes for the production of cognac + others
St. Emilion (Ugni blanc) Folle blanche Colombard Sémillon Jurançon blanc
64
What machine is used to distillate cognac
Charentais still - copper pot stills
65
By what date the distillation of cognac has to be completed
31st of March
66
What’s the min maturation for cognac
3 years
67
What is the angel’s share
The amount of liquid/cognac (2-3%) that evaporates from the barrel yearly during aging
68
What is another world for blending
Marriage
69
Is cognac a product of blending
It is, before bottling different EAU de vie are blended together. All from the same distillery There is non blended cognac
70
Where do we find the best cognacs and where do the grapes grown
Best one come from grande champagne and grande fine champagne Grapes come from the grande champagne region
71
Fine champagne cognac: where do the grapes used come from and what’s the min percentage
Grande and petite champagne Min 50% must come from grande champagne
72
What does 3 stars (***) and VS Cognac mean
Min 2 years in oak (3 in the Uk)
73
VSOP (very special/superior old pale) Reserve Vieux Rare Royal Cognac Min aging
4 years in oak
74
Napoleon Tres Vieux Tres vieille reserve Heritage Tres rare Exellance Supreme Min aging
6 years
75
XO Extra Hors d’age Extra Ancestral Extra old Imperial Min aging
10 years
76
XXO what does it stands for and min aging
Extra extra old Min 14 years in oak
77
Make an example of an Armagnac
Baron de sigognac
78
Sub’regions of the Armagnac region
Bas Armagnac Haut Armagnac Tenereze
79
Main grapes for the production of Armagnac
St. Emillon (Ugni blanc) Folle Blanche Baco Blanc Colombard Jurançon blanc Mayzac blanc
80
Armagnac *** meaning
1-3 years aging Must be 3 in the uk
81
Armagnac VSOP
4-9 years
82
Armagnac napoleon
6-9 years
83
Armagnac XO
min 10 years
84
Armagnac Tres vieille reserve, hors’ d’age, vintage vielle relique
Min 10 years
85
Armagnac with age indication: what ages?
10 15 20 years old
86
Can Armagnac be sold under only one grape variety?
Yes
87
What is eau-de-vin
Grape brandy
88
What is Marc brandy and give an example of a Marc
Fermentation of the juice obtained from pressing skins, pips and stalks of grape Marc de Bourgogne
89
Marc de Champagne
Only produced by one company and matured in oak, then sold by most important champagne wineries
90
What’s the max abv at which Marc/pomace can be distilled according to the eu regulations
86%
91
Give an example of an Italian Marc
Grappa
92
What’s the main difference between grappa and other Marcs in the method of production
Grappa uses steam, others use boiling water
93
How many grape varieties are used to produce grappa and where is it kept after production
Only one variety In glass instead of oak
94
What does invecchiata and stravecchia mean
Aged and extra maturation Both in oak

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