sport spectators pt 2

Question 1

Virtual presence and Social facilitation

Answer 1

studies have explored the influence of the virtual audience on performance

Question 2

Home advantage and social influence of active spectators.

Answer 2

spectators are not just passive; they can actively influence athletes through beaviours such as cheering, booing or other distractions can be positive or negative

Question 3

Negative Impact of Hostile spectators (laird 1923)

Answer 3

negative feedback led to significant drops in performance, especially in coordination-based tasks

Question 4

Impact of Active Spectators on Effort-Based Tasks what can it do to athletes

Answer 4

For effort-based tasks (endurance, speed, strength), positive spectator engagement can increase motivation and performance.

Question 5

Home Advantage and Referee Influence how do spectators influence refs

Answer 5

Spectators can influence referees, indirectly affecting game outcomes.

Question 6

does the density of spectators matter?

Answer 6

High spectator numbers don’t always correlate with home advantage.

Question 7

choking under pressure
performance can decline when….

Answer 7

athletes are under high stress and expectations

Question 8

Social Influence of Active Spectators.
spectators can influence on…

Answer 8

athletes is complex, with both positive ad negative effects

Question 9

what is the distraction-conflict hypothesis?

Answer 9

Spectator presence can distract the performer, creating an attention conflict between the task and the audience.

Question 10

virtual Presence study 1 is Feltz, what is it?

Answer 10

Students held a plank position longer when co-planking via Skype.

Question 11

Virtual presence Murray at al what is his study on virtual presence?

Answer 11

Rowing performance improved in virtual reality with a virtual teammate.

Question 12

what is virtual presence?

Answer 12

Virtual spectators are less impactful than live audiences, but still exert measurable influence.

Question 13

Home Advantage and Social Influence of Active Spectators:
Spectators are not just passive; they can actively influence athletes through behaviors such as cheering, booing, or other distractions. These influences can be both?

Answer 13

positive or negative

Question 14

what is choking under pressure?

Answer 14

Performance decline when athletes are under high stress and expectations.

Question 15

what did Baumeister & Steinhilber find while studying choking under pressure?

Answer 15

(1984): Anticipation of success in front of supportive home crowds can increase self-awareness, leading to poorer performance.

Question 16

Impact of Active Spectators on Effort-Based Tasks: what is it?

Answer 16

For effort-based tasks (endurance, speed, strength), positive spectator engagement can increase motivation and performance.

Question 17

Impact of Active Spectators on Effort-Based Tasks: what did the Edwrads at al
and OTTE et al find?

Answer 17

Edward- Verbal encouragement led to better performance in endurance and sprint tasks.

Otte et al- Soccer players performed faster under positive auditory cues (crowd singing), but accuracy was unaffected.