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KIN 170 > Nutrition > Flashcards

Nutrition Flashcards

1
Q

What iS Nutrition?

A

The science of the actions of foods, nutrients, and other substances, within the body (including ingestion, digestion, absorption, transport, metabolism, and excretion)

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2
Q

Why is nutrition Important?

A

staying alive, keeping healthy

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3
Q

what are the 6 class nutrients

A

Proteins
fats
carbohydrates
= macronutrients
vitamins
minerals
water
=micronutrients

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4
Q

what are essential nutrients?

A

Nutrients the body needs from food, we EAT

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5
Q

50 ESSENTIAL NUTRIENTS?

A

provides energy, help build & maintain body tissue, help regulate body functions

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6
Q

Macronutrients functions for
Proteins….

A

Component of muscle, bone, blood, enzymes, hormones, cell membranes; required for tissue repair; regulates H2O & energy balance, required for growth; supply energy

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7
Q

Macronutrients functions of carbohydrates?

A

Supply energy to brain, nervous system and blood cells; supply energy to working muscles

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8
Q

Macronutrients functions of fats?

A

Supply energy (majority of energy storage) Insulate support, cushion/ protect organs, allow absorption of fat- soluble vitamins

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9
Q

Micronutrients functions for Vitamins

A

required for specific chemical reactions in the cells

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10
Q

micronutrients functions for Minerals

A

help regulate body functions; required for growth & maintenance of body tissue; catalysts for energy release

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11
Q

micronutrients functions for water

A

required for chemical reactions, chemical transport, temperature regulation removal of waste products

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12
Q

Vitamin __ and Vitamin __ are water soluble

A

Vitamin C and Vitamin B

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13
Q

Vitamin __, __,___,__, are stored in fat, don’t excrete them. ( fat soluble)

A

Vitamin A,D,E,K

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14
Q

fat - __ calories/gram

A

9

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15
Q

pro- __ calorie/ gram

A

4

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16
Q

chol- __ calories/ gram

A

4

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17
Q

alcohol- __ calories/ gram

A

7

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18
Q

If you consume too much calories it is….

A

stored as body fat

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19
Q

What do proteins do?

A

form bodily structures, enzymes, muscle tissue; also form important parts of blood, enzymes, some hormones

20
Q

What are amino acids?

A

building blocks of proteins; essential vs non- essential (9+11)

21
Q

how much recommended daily intake of proteins for adults

A

0.8 grams protein per kg body weight

22
Q

what are complete proteins

A

foods that contain 9 essential amino acids (meat + dairy)

23
Q

what are incomplete proteins

A

are like nuts and plants

24
Q

Fats what are they?

A

most concentrated source of energy

25
Q

what are the 2 essential fats we need to get from food

A

Omega 6- vegetable oils
Omega 3- fish, green, leafy vegetables, veg oils

26
Q

what are saturated fats?

A

butter, solid at room temperature, you don’t want to consume this

27
Q

What are unsaturated fats?

A

Liquid at room temperature, you want to consume this, like olive oil

28
Q

what is hydrogenation?

A

H+ molecules added to unsaturated & saturated fats changes unsaturated states causes inflammation in the body.

29
Q

Carbohydrates main function?

A

provide main energy for our cells

30
Q

your brain uses __ to function

A

glucose

31
Q

examples of Simple carbohydrates

A

sweets, like milk, candies, and fruit

32
Q

examples of Complex carbohydrates

A

starch fibres, grains, starches

33
Q

both types of carbohydrates are broken down into glucose and stored in __ in the liver and muscles

A

glycogen

34
Q

The pancreas releases insulin in response to glucose in the blood, allows cells to take up the glucose and uses it for __

A

it uses it for energy

35
Q

What is the glycemic index?

A

how quickly glucose is elevated into the blood

36
Q

Complex Carbohydrates
refined vs Whole grains (Anatomy of the grain)

A

-outer layer of the seed- Bran:protects the seed (fibre, minerals)
-Germ. guts inside the grain:nourishment for the seed (vitamins E,B)
-Endosperm. energy for the seed, carbohydrates the cover for the guts of the grain.

37
Q

Fibre CHO is not a __

A

Fibre is not a nutrient

38
Q

fibre is non- __

A

fibre is non-digestible

39
Q

Soluble Fibre

A

attract water, and turns to gel during digestion, examples are oat bran, nuts barley

40
Q

Insoluble Fibre

A

found in foods like wheat bran, vegetables

41
Q

Carbohydrates-How much?

A

45-65% of total calories

42
Q

recommended daily intake of fats for men?

A

17g/d linoleic acid, 1.6 g/d a-linolenic acid

43
Q

recommended daily intake of fats for women

A

12g/d linoleic acid, 1.2 g/d a-linolenic acid

44
Q

recommeded daily intake of saturated, trans fats and cholesterol

A

sat<10%
trans <1%
cholesterol <300mg

45
Q
A

KIN 170 (19 decks)

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