Sport Psychology: Goal Setting

Question 1

What does setting targets do?

Answer 1

. Allows targets to be met
. Builds confidence levels
. Provides motivation
. Become task persistent
. Lowers arousal/anxiety
. Reduces social loafing
. Sustains effort
. Increases commitment

Question 2

What are the two term goals?

Answer 2

Long term and short term goals

Question 3

What do short term goals usually mean?

Answer 3

Its usually about beating your last attempt (PERFORMANCE GOALS)

Question 4

What do long term goals usually mean?

Answer 4

Its usually about the ultimate aim (OUTCOME GOALS)

Question 5

What are the three types of goals?

Answer 5

Outcome, process and performance goals

Question 6

What are outcome goals?

Answer 6

It is the end result. They are goals set against performance of others and based on a result.

Question 7

What is an example of an outcome goal?

Answer 7

Winning the FA cup or olympics

Question 8

What are performance goals?

Answer 8

The are focussed on getting a better performance usually from the previous performance

Question 9

What are process goals?

Answer 9

They are based on improving technique or strategy

Question 10

What is important about performance in outcome goals?

Answer 10

Standard of performance is secondary to the result. This means a team could perform poorly but scrape the victory and this would count as being successful.

Question 11

What does achieving an outcome goal maintain?

Answer 11

It maintains motivation regardless of quality of performance.

Question 12

What is important about performance goals?

Answer 12

Even if the event is lost you can still gain success and this therefore maintains motivation. The success may be from improving PB or replicating a skill correctly

Question 13

What should goals include?

Answer 13

They should include both process and performance goals

Question 14

What goal should performers focus on and why?

Answer 14

They should focus on performance goals because it maintains motivation

Question 15

What is a negative about focussing solely on outcome goals?

Answer 15

It might damage motivation when outcome isn’t achieved or the goal is seen as unachievable

Question 16

What can performance goals do to a performer?

Answer 16

It may reduce anxiety and provide consistent motivation

Question 17

What do outcome goals focus on and what is a negative cause of this?

Answer 17

It focusses mainly on gaining a prize and provides a basis for comparison. This can then cause stress

Question 18

What do short term goals provide?

Answer 18

They provide a means for reassurance

Question 19

What is used to set goals?

Answer 19

SMARTER

Question 20

What does the S in smarter stand for and what does it mean?

Answer 20

Stands for specific. It means to be clear. It should allow for specific improvements to be made. ex improving defence is too vague but improving shoulder contact is more specific

Question 21

What does the M in smarter stand for and what does it mean?

Answer 21

Stands for measured. Using assessment to obtain data allows comparison and progress to be identified

Question 22

What does the A in smarter stand for and what does it mean?

Answer 22

Stands for achievable. The performer should be able to reach their goal and this maintains motivation

Question 23

What does the first R in smarter stand for and what does it mean?

Answer 23

Stands for realistic. The goal needs to be reachable to maintain motivation

Question 24

What does the T in smarter stand for and what does it mean?

Answer 24

Stands for time-bound. Short and long term goals need to be identified so all concerned have a deadline to keep to.

Question 25

What does the E in smarter stand for and what does it mean?

Answer 25

Stands for evaluate. The performer and coach should evaluate how the goal was achieved, what worked well and what didn’t work out

Question 26

What does the second R in smarter stand for and what does it mean?

Answer 26

Stands for re-do. If the goal isn’t achieved or its slow it can be repeated, or the target altered if needs be

Question 27

What are task orientated goals?

Answer 27

These goals are concerned with improvements in technique or performance

Question 28

What are the two types of task orientated goals?

Answer 28

Performance and process goals