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Bacteriology II > Spirochetes (Exam 1) > Flashcards

Spirochetes (Exam 1) Flashcards

1
Q

Spirochetes are gram (positive/negative) organism.

A

negative

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1
Q

What structure do all spirochetes have for motility?

A

endoflagella

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2
Q

Spirochetes are mostly (obligate/facultative) (aerobes/anaerobes).

A

obligate anaerobes

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3
Q

(T/F) Spirochetes can be part of the normal gut flora.

A

True

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4
Q

Spirochetes use _______ for adherence to host cells and antigenic variation.

A

OMPs (outer membrane proteins)

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5
Q

Within the Spirochaetes Class, there are what 2 families?

A

brachyspiraceae
spirochaetaceae

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6
Q

Brachyspira are transmitted via:

A

fecal-oral

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7
Q

Which too strains of Brachyspira are pathogenic in chickens?

A

Brachyspira alvinipulli
Brachyspira pilosicoli

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8
Q

What clinical sign does Brachyspirosis cause in chickens, dogs, and pigs?

A

diarrhea

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9
Q

Which two strains of Brachyspira infect the GI mucosa of dogs?

A

Brachyspira innocens
Brachyspira pilosicoli

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10
Q

Which two pig diseases are caused by Brachyspira?

A
  1. porcine intestinal spirochetosis
  2. swine dysentery
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11
Q

Which strain of bacteria causes Swine Dysentery?

A

Brachyspira hyodysenteriae

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12
Q

There are ___ serotypes of Brachyspira hyodysenteriae which cause Swine Dysentery.

A

9

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13
Q

Brachyspira hyodysenteriae grows in intestinal ______ leading to inflammation and necrosis, and ultimately hemorrhagic colitis of Swine Dysentery.

A

crypts

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14
Q

What pathologic finding is seen upon necropsy in Swine Dysentery?

A

fibrinonecrotic membrane

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15
Q

Which type of diarrhea does Swine Dysentery cause?

A

ALL OF THEM

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16
Q

(T/F) Both vaccines and antibiotics are successful in treating Swine Dysentery.

A

False - vaccines not, antibiotics yes

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17
Q

Swine Dysentery is most severe in (old/young) pigs.

A

young

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18
Q

To differentiate a pathogenic strain of Brachyspira causing Swine Dysentery, what would be seen on agar?

A

beta hemolysis (non-pathogenic is weakly hemolytic)

19
Q

Within the Spirochaetaceae family, what is the oxygen requirement of Borrelia?

A

microaerophilic

20
Q

How is Borrelia transmitted?

A

louse/tick bite

21
Q

Borrelia has (1/2) (linear/circular) chromosome(s) and multiple circular and linear plasmids.

A

1 linear

22
Q

(T/F) Borrelia is a gram-negative bacteria.

A

False - technically neither (poor staining)

23
Q

Birds, specifically fowl such as geese, are infected by which strain of Borrelia?

A

Borrelia anserina

24
Q

_______ ticks transmit Borrelia anserina in birds.

A

lxodes

25
Q

Birds infected with Borrelia have clinical signs such as diarrhea and ________.

A

acute septicemia

26
Q

Which bacteria causes Lyme disease?

A

Borrelia

27
Q

List the four strains of Borrelia which cause Lyme Disease.

A
  1. B. burgdorferi
  2. B. afzelii
  3. B. garinii
  4. B. mayonii
28
Q

What is the major carrier for Borrelia burgdorferi (which causes Lyme Disease)?

A

mice

29
Q

What surface antigen is present on Borrelia burgdorferi, important in Lyme Disease?

A

Osp

30
Q

Which Osp surface antigens are the major antigens in Borrelia burgdorferi which vaccines target?

A

OspA, OspB, OspC

31
Q

_____ is expressed in an active infection of Borrelia burgdorferi which differentiates it from vaccinated animals.

A

IR6

32
Q

(T/F) Borrelia burgdorferi is difficult to culture from animals but easy to culture from ticks.

A

True

33
Q

Match which virulence factor proteins have what function in Borrelia burgdorferi:

  1. Antigenic variation
  2. Complement evasion
  3. Immunosuppression / complement evasion
A
  1. Vls protein
  2. Osp protein
  3. Tick salivary protein
34
Q

(T/F) Borrelia burgdorferi have siderophores to obtain iron from the host, necessary for survival.

A

False - NO siderophores, no need for iron

35
Q

During tick feeding, Borrelia burgdorferi (upregulate/downregulate) OspA and OspB while (upregulating/downregulating) OspC.

A

downregulate
upregulate

36
Q

What kind of chronic clinical signs are exhibited in late stage Lyme Disease?

A

neurological disease
renal disease
cardiomyopathy

37
Q

(Dogs/cats) develop a more severe Lyme Disease.

A

dogs

38
Q

(T/F) Lyme Disease is uncommon in cattle, cats, and horses.

A

True

39
Q

While clinical Lyme Disease is rare in horses, they have a high ________.

A

seroconversion

40
Q

What bacteria is responsible for Rabbit Syphilis aka Venereal Spirochetosis?

A

Treponema paraluiscuniculi

41
Q

How is Rabbit Syphilis transmitted?

A

venereal contact

42
Q

What antibiotic is used to treat Rabbit Syphilis?

A

penicillin

43
Q

What clinical sign is seen with Treponema paraluiscuniculi infection in rabbits?

A

mucocutaneous junction crusty lesions

44
Q
A

Bacteriology II (22 decks)

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