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Bacteriology II > Misc Bacteria (Exam 2) > Flashcards

Misc Bacteria (Exam 2) Flashcards

1
Q

What genus is a gram-negative, “plump” coccobacillus (short rod) that is non-motile and often seen in pairs?

A

Moraxella

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2
Q

Moraxella are (aerobic/anaerobic) and oxidase (positive/negative).

A

aerobic
positive

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3
Q

(T/F) Moraxella are fermenters.

A

False

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4
Q

What species and age group are most likely infected by Moraxella? Why?

A

young beef cattle
eye pigment/position –> susceptible

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5
Q

UV light damages the _________, and neutrophils cause more damage. This allows Moraxella to attach to the ________ epithelium for breakdown.

A

eye
corneal

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6
Q

List a few clinical signs of Moraxella infection.

A
  1. conjunctivitis
  2. increased lacrimation
  3. corneal opacity
  4. ulceration
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7
Q

(T/F) Moraxella recovery is possible and those that recover remain carriers.

A

True

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8
Q

How is Moraxella transmitted?

A

flies (primarily face flies) via nasal secretions

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9
Q

Moraxella bovis causes what disease in cattle?

A

Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis (“pinkeye”)

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10
Q

What is unique about Moraxella bovis which allows for phase or antigenic variation?

A

can switch between 2 pilus types

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11
Q

Moraxella bovis has a __________ toxin associated with the outer layer but NOT LPS.

A

dermonecrotic

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12
Q

Moraxella bovis is (alpha/beta) hemolytic.

A

beta

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13
Q

In addition to Moraxella bovis, what other species causes Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis but only has 1 pili, and therefore, less variation?

A

Moraxella bovoculi

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14
Q

What genus of bacteria is a microaerophilic gram-negative coccobacillus with NO flagella or pili?

A

Taylorella

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15
Q

Taylorella grows on ___________ agar in culture.

A

chocolate (CO2)

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16
Q

Which species of bacteria causes Contagious Equine Metritis, an “exotic” but reportable disease?

A

Taylorella equigenitalis

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17
Q

(T/F) While mares are greatly affected by Taylorella equigenitalis infection, stallions have no effects.

A

True

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18
Q

How is Contagious Equine Metritis transmitted?

A

mating

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19
Q

Where is a diagnostic sample taken for culture of Taylorella equigenitalis?

A

clitoral sinus swab

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20
Q

_________ are environmentally prevalent, opportunistic, gram-negative motile rods which cause a variety of diseases in multiple hosts.

A

Pseudomonas

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21
Q

What species of Pseudomonas causes Hemorrhagic Pneumonia?

A

P. aeruginosa

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22
Q

Pseudomonas infections are common with which two afflictions?

A

cystic fibrosis
burn wounds

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23
Q

Which species are affected by Hemorrhagic Pneumonia caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa?

A

mink
chinchilla

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24
Q

Diagnosis of Pseudomonas can be made by culturing on _________ ________ agar and is positive if _________ pigment is present.

A

Mueller Hinton
green

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25
Q

(T/F) Burkholderia is a genus of gram-negative, non-motile rods that are intrinsically antibiotic resistant.

A

True

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26
Q

While Burkholderia are typically non-motile, when and how can they become motile?

A

inside cells (actin tails)

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27
Q

What is the significance of Burkholderia mallei?

A

biothreat agent (CDC category B)

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28
Q

What disease does Burkholderia mallei cause? What species is infected?

A

Glanders
horses

29
Q

How is Glanders transmitted?

A

direct contact (tissues/fluids)

30
Q

List the 3 major signs of Glanders in horses, caused by B. mallei.

A
  1. encapsulated abscess
  2. respiratory ulcers
  3. septicemia
31
Q

Burkholderia pseudomallei is an ____________ source.

A

environmental

32
Q

What disease is caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei and infects rodents, dogs, and humans?

A

Pseudoglanders or Melioidosis

33
Q

Vibrio is a curved, gram-negative, (obligate/facultative) (aerobe/anaerobe) that is (motile/nonmotile).

A

facultative anaerobe
motile

34
Q

Vibrio ferments ________ and oxidase _______.

A

glucose
positive

35
Q

What significant human disease and species is caused by Vibrio?

A

Vibrio cholerae (Cholera)

36
Q

How is Vibrio cholerae transmitted?

A

oral ingestion

37
Q

What is the significance of cholera toxin produced by Vibrio cholerae?

A

undergo lysogenic conversion (can change phenotype from non-cholera producing to cholera toxin producing)

38
Q

Vibrio __________ causes Gastroenteritis in humans.

A

parahaemolytica

39
Q

Two different species of Vibrio bacterium can _________ disease in fish, especially salmon.

A

Ulcer

40
Q

Which bacterial genus are gram-negative rods which prefer lower temperatures such as in water and soil and infect reptiles, fish and amphibians, causing GI disease?

A

Aeromonas

41
Q

Frogs develop abscesses and ulcers when infected by Aeromonas _________, considered _________ disease.

A

Aeromonas hydrophila
“Red Leg”

42
Q

Fish develop __________ disease when infected by Aeromonas __________, causing skin lesions and septicemia.

A

Furunculosis
Aeromonas salmonicida

43
Q

Aeromonas salmonicida uses Type ____ secretion systemic to deliver toxin to a host.

A

III

44
Q

Which species of bacterium causes Cotton Mouth disease, often caused by oxytetracycline or kanamycin-laced food?

A

Flavobacterium columnare

45
Q

Flavobacterium __________ causes Coldwater Disease / Rainbow Trout Fry Syndrome in cold water fish.

A

psychrophilum

46
Q

A cilia-associated respiratory bacillus or CAR is also known as which genus?

A

Filobacterium

47
Q

(T/F) Filobacterium uses a flagella for motility.

A

False - gliding motility (NO flagella)

48
Q

Filobacterium rodentium causes what disease in rodents?

A

chronic respiratory disease

49
Q

Filobacterium are ________philic, meaning it binds _________.

A

argentophilic
silver

50
Q

(T/F) Bartonella are facultative intracellular.

A

True

51
Q

Bartonella henselae causes what disease in young animals?

A

Cat Scratch Disease

52
Q

What is the primary lesion seen in Cat Scratch Disease caused by Bartonella henselae?

A

regional adenopathy

53
Q

(T/F) Cats infected with Cat Scratch Disease are usually asymptomatic.

A

True

54
Q

Type ____ secretion system is by Bartonella henselae. The process is similar to ________ between bacteria.

A

IV
conjugation

55
Q

Bartonella vinsonii berkhoffii causes _____________ in dogs and is transmitted by __________.

A

Endocarditis
ticks

56
Q

(T/F) Francisella is a (motile/non-motile) coccobacillus, (facultative/obligate) aerobe, and (facultative/obligate) intracellular pathogen.

A

non-motile
obligate
facultative

57
Q

Francisella can be cultured on blood agar with _________.

A

cysteine

58
Q

Rabbit Fever, Deer-Fly Fever, and Ohara’s Disease infect a variety of mammals and are caused by Francisella __________.

A

tularensis

59
Q

How is Francisella tularensis primarily transmitted?

A

ticks

60
Q

(T/F) Francisella tularensis is a Category A threat agent.

A

True

61
Q

Francisella tularensis primarily causes __________ skin lesions, but pneumonic or typhoidal are more severe.

A

ulceroglandular

62
Q

Helicobacter is _________ and _________ positive.

A

oxidase
urease

63
Q

What is the oxygen requirement for Helicobacter?

A

microaerophilic

64
Q

Helicobacter ________ causes gastritis and GI ulcers in adults.

A

H. pylori

65
Q

Which two species of Helicobacter are considered carcinogenic and associated with develop of different types of cancer?

A

H. pylori
H. hepaticus

66
Q

Acute, contagious disease in poultry, particularly turkeys, which causes air sacculitis, tracheitis, pneumonia, and decreased growth and egg production is caused by:

A

Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale

67
Q

Which bacterial species causing hemorrhagic septicemia and wound infections in marine mammals and fish?

A

Photobacterium damselae is a species

68
Q

Photobacterium damselae is a Level ____ bioagent.

A

2

69
Q

How is Epizootic Bovine Abortion transmitted? What bacterial species causes it?

A

soft-shell tick
Pajaroellobacter abortibovis

Bacteriology II (22 decks)

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