Pasteurella (Exam 1) Flashcards
Pasteurella is a gram (negative/positive) (cocci/rod).
gram-negative rod
What is the oxygen requirement for Pasteurella?
facultative anaerobe
Pasteurella ferments _______ and _______.
glucose
lactose
Which species of Pasteurella affected multiple species, but most commonly young cattle?
Pasteurella multocida
Pasteurella multocida causes _________ disease and septicemia in multiple hosts.
respiratory
(T/F) Pasteurella multocida is a part of the normal flora in the oropharyngeal tract and only a problem with secondary infections.
True
Acute or chronic diseases are associated with (capsulated/non-capsulated) P. multocida, while toxic inflammatory responses are associated with (capsulated/non-capsulated) P. multocida.
capsulated
non-encapsulated
________ strain of Pasteurella multocida produces P. multocida toxin (PMT).
Type D
Which species of bacteria is not Pasteurella but often grouped with it and also causes respiratory disease often in young cattle and sometimes sheep?
Mannheimia haemolytica
Mannheimia haemolytica produces _______ which destroys pulmonary macrophages.
cytotoxin
What pathology is seen with both Pasteurella multocida and Mannheimia haemolytica infection?
acute, exudative fibrinous pneumonia
(T/F) Mannheimia haemolytica is hemolytic.
True
List the two exotoxins of Pasteurella multocida.
- capsular type D
- mitogenic dermonecrotic toxin
List the 2 exotoxins of Mannheimia haemolytica.
- cytotoxin (leukotoxin)
- neuraminidase
Function of neuraminidase in Mannheimia haemolytica.
adherence in respiratory tract
What virulence factor of M. haemolytica & P. multocida sensitizes pulmonary endothelial cells for programmed cell death and activates inflammation?
endotoxin
(P. multocida/M. haemolytica) have a polysaccharide capsule as a virulence factor.
M. haemolytica
(T/F) Food animal strains of Mannheimia haemolytica have multi-drug resistance.
True
In Sheep, the main causes of Pasteurellosis are M. haemolytica, P. multocida, and ___________.
Bibersteinia trehalose
(T/F) Therapy is often successful in Pasteurellosis in sheep.
False
Capsular Type ____ and ____ of Pasteurella multocida are the main cases of Pasteurellosis in swine.
A & D
Pasteurella multocida Type ___ and ___, cause __________ disease in fowl.
A & F
Fowl Cholera
Pasteurella multocida which cause Pasteurellosis in dogs and cats are often (capsulated/non-encapsulated) strains.
non-encapsulated
In rabbits, Pasteurella multocida Type ____ cause Pasteurellosis.
A
Which two specific rabbit diseases are caused by P. multocida?
- Snuffles
- Enzootic Pneumonia
Which rabbit disease causes chronic, mucopurulent rhinitis? Which is often a sequela of the other?
- Snuffles
- Enzootic Pneumonia
Pasteurellosis in _______ often shows clinical signs of atrophic rhinitis, purulent bronchopneumonia, and fibrinous pleuritis.
swine
Which species of bacteria causes Pasteurellosis in lab animals?
P. pneumotropica
Which species of bacteria, formerly known as a Pasteurella, is an opportunistic organism which causes avian respiratory disease?
Avibacterium gallinarum
Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex occurs when viral infection downregulates _______ expression of bacterial receptors, so a bacterial infection can occur.
TLR
Mannheimia haemolytica’s primarily virulence factor is:
leukotoxin (LKT)
Leukotoxin, used by Mannheimia haemolytica is a type 1 secretion system which has a specific receptor for ___________.
alveolar macrophages
When ________ lyse M. haemolytica leukotoxin, this puts the body in a pro-inflammatory state.
macrophages
While a variety of bacteria can cause Bacterial Pneumonia in swine, or PRDC, the major predisposing bacterial species is:
Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae
Pasteurellosis in dogs and cats is usually found in lesions with Pasteurella _________.
multocida
While P. multocida is the most common cause of Pasteurellosis in dogs and cats, what other 3 species of Pasteurella may cause the disease?
P. canis
P. dagmatis
P. stomatitis
______________, secondary to viral infection, occurs in dogs with Pasteurellosis, but is unknown in cats.
bronchopneumonia
In Pasteurellosis in dogs, ___________ is a common bacterial isolate from bronchopneumonia while in cats it is ____________.
Bordetella bronchiseptica
P. multocida
What genus is closely associated with Pasteurella, aerobic, a gram-negative rod, and requires special growth factors on artificial media?
Haemophilus
Which two special growth factors does Haemophilus use for growth on artifical media?
x-factor (hemin)
(+/-) v-factor (NAD)
Haemophilus is sensitive to which two antimicrobials?
ampicillin
tetracycline
Where is Haemophilus polyserositis commonly found?
nasal cavity of swine
Haemophilus paragallinarum commonly affects which species and causes nasal discharge, anorexia, and diarrhea?
turkeys
Which bacterial organism is responsible for Glasser’s Disease?
Haemophilus polyserositis
