Brucella (Exam 4)

Question 1

What is the most common cause acute effects of Brucella in people?

Answer 1

needle sticks (recapping live-attenuated vaccines)

Question 2

(T/F) Brucella is a zoonotic, gram-negative coccobacillus.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Brucella is a(n) (obligate/facultative) (intracellular/extracellular) bacterium.

Answer 3

facultative intracellular

Question 4

What family is Brucella a part of?

Answer 4

Rhizobiales

Question 5

Brucella LPS inactivates:

Answer 5

complement

Question 6

Which secretion system does Brucella use to infect the host cells?

Answer 6

Type IV (survive/replicate in phagocytes)

Question 7

A virulence factor of Brucella is that it utilizes _________, a carbon source.

Answer 7

erythritol

Question 8

(T/F) Brucella abortus, B. melitensis, and B. suis have different surface antigens, and therefore, do not cross-react on serology.

Answer 8

False (common surface antigens, do cross-react)

Question 9

Brucella _______ is the only species which does NOT cross-react with the others.

Answer 9

canis

Question 10

________ immunity is protective against Brucella while _______ immunity is not.

Answer 10

protective: cell-mediated
non-protective: humoral

Question 11

(T/F) Human Brucellosis is a reportable disease.

Answer 11

True

Question 12

Bovine Brucellosis is caused by Brucella _______.

Answer 12

B. abortus

Question 13

B. abortus causes Bovine Brucellosis which is also called __________.

Answer 13

Bang’s Disease

Question 14

What is the cardinal sign of Brucella abortus in female cattle?

Answer 14

abortion (3rd trimester)

Question 15

(T/F) Non-pregnant females infected with B. abortus develop only mild clinical signs.

Answer 15

False (NO clinical signs)

Question 16

(T/F) Males infected with Brucella abortus develop infertility.

Answer 16

False (NO clinical signs)

Question 17

Which animals are the primary reservoir for Brucella abortus?

Answer 17

female cattle carriers

Question 18

B. abortus is primarily transmitted via:

Answer 18

ingestion (infected uterus, placenta, aborted material)

Question 19

Apart from ingestion of infected reproductive materials, B. abortus transmission can occur through ________, which are an important reservoir for cattle that interact with them.

Answer 19

elk

Question 20

(T/F) B. abortus can be vertically transmitted.

Answer 20

True

Question 21

Infection by B. abortus occurs (before/after) the beginning of gestation.

Answer 21

after

Question 22

Infection by B. abortus causes abortion by necrosis of fetal ________ and ________.

Answer 22

cotyledon
endometrium

Question 23

Diagnosis of B. abortus is fully _________ dependent.

Answer 23

antibody

Question 24

Which two diagnostic tests detect IgG to diagnose B. abortus infection in cattle?

Answer 24

Card Test
Milk Ring Test

Question 25

All diagnostic testing for B. abortus is completed by ____________ diagnostic laboratory.

Answer 25

state / federal

Question 26

Which vaccine offers protective immunity against Brucella abortus infection?

Answer 26

RB51 vaccine

Question 27

Cattle vaccinated with RB51 vaccine (will/won't) give a false positive result.

Answer 27

will

Question 28

Cattle given O-Antigen deficient B. abortus mutant (will/won't) give a false positive result.

Answer 28

won't

Question 29

(T/F) Cattle should be treated with tetracyclines after B. abortus diagnosis.

Answer 29

False (SHOULD NOT be treated!)

Question 30

Swine Brucellosis is caused by Brucella __________.

Answer 30

B. suis

Question 31

(T/F) Brucella suis is a major problem in swine production in all US states.

Answer 31

False (free in domestic swine)

Question 32

Brucella suis is a major problem in _______ swine.

Answer 32

feral

Question 33

The major clinical sign in B. suis infection is:

Answer 33

abortion

Question 34

Boars with B. suis are usually asymptomatic or have subclinical ________.

Answer 34

orchitis

Question 35

Herd infertility is common in Brucella _______ infection but NOT in Brucella _______.

Answer 35

B. suis NOT B. abortus

Question 36

List the 3 possible modes of transmission for B. suis.

Answer 36

1. ingestion (primary) 2. venereal (boar) 3. inhalation

Question 37

(T/F) Vaccination is an appropriate method to control B. suis as it is with B. abortus.

Answer 37

False (no vaccination)

Question 38

(T/F) As with B. abortus, you should NOT treat for B. suis.

Answer 38

True

Question 39

The only satisfactory control method for Brucella suis is:

Answer 39

herd depopulation

Question 40

(T/F) Canine Brucellosis is reportable in all US states.

Answer 40

False (some states)

Question 41

Canine Brucellosis is caused by:

Answer 41

B. canis

Question 42

(T/F) Brucella canis is zoonotic.

Answer 42

False (technically can but doesn't normally infect humans)

Question 43

B. canis is __________ distinct from the rest of Brucella species.

Answer 43

antigenically

Question 44

B. canis causes abortion in females, as with the other species, but differs in that infected males can develop ________ & ________.

Answer 44

scrotal dermatitis infertility

Question 45

10% of dogs infected with B. canis develop breakdown of the vertebral disc called:

Answer 45

discospondylitis

Question 46

Cell-mediate immunity can be protective against B. canis, and therefore subsequent litters are:

Answer 46

normal

Question 47

What 2 other bacteria causes similar signs in the female as B. canis, seen as differential diagnoses?

Answer 47

beta-hemolyic Streptococcus E. coli

Question 48

RSAT and 2-ME-RSAT Card Tests serology are used ONLY as ________ serology tests for Brucella canis.

Answer 48

screening

Question 49

What antigen is used in B. canis screening tests that has high cross-reactivity with B. canis?

Answer 49

Brucella ovis

Question 50

Which test is more specific for diagnosis and uses an antigen from B. canis?

Answer 50

Tube Agglutination Test

Question 51

Agar Gel Immunodiffusion Test (AGID) uses _________ protein antigens to test for B. canis.

Answer 51

cytoplasmic

Question 52

What is the ONLY reliable means to specifically establish presence of Canine Brucellosis?

Answer 52

culture

Question 53

(T/F) Combined antibiotic therapy is recommended to treat Canine Brucellosis.

Answer 53

True

Question 54

Canine Brucellosis is treated with (short/long) term antibiotics and for what duration?

Answer 54

longterm 4-6 weeks

Question 55

(T/F) Treatment eliminates Canine Brucellosis infection.

Answer 55

False (carriers)

Question 56

(T/F) There is NO vaccination for Canine Brucellosis.

Answer 56

True

Question 57

Humans are usually (sensitive/resistant) to Canine Brucellosis.

Answer 57

resistant