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Anatomy Lec > Special Senses part 2 > Flashcards

Special Senses part 2 Flashcards

1
Q

The ear houses two senses which are

A

Hearing
Equilibrium

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2
Q

equilibrium means

A

balance

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3
Q

The Receptors of the ear are called

A

mechanoreceptors

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4
Q

The ear is divided into three areas

A

Outer (external) ear
Middle ear
Inner ear

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5
Q

It Involved in hearing only and is where the Pinna and external auditory canal is located

A

External Ear

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6
Q

2 Structures of the external ear
are

A

Pinna (auricle)
External auditory canal

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7
Q

A Narrow chamber in the temporal bone that is Lined with skin.

A

External Auditory Canal

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8
Q

Ceruminous glands are also called

A

wax glands

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9
Q

The external auditory canal has ____________ _____ that are present

A

Ceruminous glands

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10
Q

The external Auditory canal Ends at the

A

Tympanic membrane

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11
Q

The Middle Ear is also known as the

A

Tympanic cavity

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12
Q

An Air-filled cavity within the temporal bone that is also Only involved in the sense of hearing

A

Middle ear/Tympanic Cavity

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13
Q

The opening from the ________ _____ is covered by the tympanic membrane

A

auditory canal

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14
Q

It connects the middle ear with the throat

A

Auditory tube

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15
Q

Allows for equalizing pressure during yawning or swallowing or this tube is otherwise collapsed.

A

Eustachian tubes

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16
Q

Three bones span the tympanic cavity are

A

Malleus (hammer)
Incus (anvil)
Stapes (stirrip)

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17
Q

Vibrations from eardrum move the

A

Malleus

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18
Q

These bones transfer sound to the ______ ____

A

inner ear

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19
Q

Inner Ear is also known as the

A

Bony Labyrinth

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20
Q

It includes sense organs for hearing and balance

A

Inner ear or Bony Labyrinth

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21
Q

The inner ear is Filled with

A

perilymph

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22
Q

A maze of bony chambers within the temporal bone of the inner ear are

A

Cochlea
Vestibule
Semicircular canals

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23
Q

A maze of bony chambers in the inner ear are within the

A

Temporal bone

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24
Q

It is Located within the cochlea which is a Gel-like tectorial membrane is capable of bending hair cells

A

Organ of Corti

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25
Q

The hair cells on the basilar membrane =

A

mechanoreceptors

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26
Q

They are attached to hair cells which transmits nerve impulses to auditory cortex on temporal lobe

A

Cochlear nerve

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27
Q

This is where vibrations from sound waves move

A

Tectorial Membrane

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28
Q

They are bent by the tectorial membrane

A

Hair cells

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29
Q

An action potential starts in the

A

Cochlear nerve

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30
Q

the Receptor cells for the equilibrium are in two structures

A

Vestibule
Semicircular canals

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31
Q

Equilibrium has two functional parts

A

Static equilibrium
Dynamic equilibrium

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32
Q

The receptors in the vestibule. They Report on the position of the head

A

Maculae

33
Q

The Maculae Send information via the

A

vestibular nerve

34
Q

In the Anatomy of the maculae,
Hair cells are embedded in the

A

otolithic membrane

35
Q

They float in a gel around the hair cells. They also look like tiny stones

A

Otoliths (tiny stones)

36
Q

Movements cause otoliths to bend the

A

hair cells

37
Q

receptors in the semicircular canals which consists of the tuft of hair cells and cupula

A

Crista ampullaris

38
Q

A gelatinous cap that covers the hair cells

A

Cupula

39
Q

Action of angular head movements

A

Dynamic Equilibrium

40
Q

It stimulates the hair cells when there are angular head movements happening

A

Cupula

41
Q

In dynamic equilibrium, An impulse is sent via the vestibular nerve to the

A

Cerebellum

42
Q

The Chemical Senses are

A

Taste and smell

43
Q

both Chemical Senses use

A

chemoreceptors

44
Q

These receptors are Stimulated by chemicals in solution

A

Chemoreceptors

45
Q

Taste has __ types of receptors

A

four

46
Q

The Sense of Smell

A

Olfaction

47
Q

These receptors are in the roof of the nasal cavity

A

Olfactory receptors

48
Q

In the sense of smell, this is use to dissolve chemicals for detection

A

mucus

49
Q

The olfactory receptors have neurons with long

A

cilia

50
Q

Impulses felt by the olfactory receptors are transmitted via the

A

Olfactory nerve

51
Q

Interpretation of smells is made in the

A

Cortex

52
Q

It house the receptor organs of the tongue

A

Taste buds

53
Q

Location of taste buds are in

A

Most are on the tongue
Soft palate
Cheeks

54
Q

The tongue is covered with projections called

A

papillae

55
Q

They are sharp with no taste buds

A

Filiform papillae

56
Q

They are rounded with taste buds

A

Fungifiorm papillae

57
Q

They are large papillae with taste buds

A

Circumvallate papillae

58
Q

Taste buds are found on the

A

Sides of Papillae

59
Q

The receptors of the taste buds are also known as

A

Gustatory cells

60
Q

The gustatory cells have long microvilli called

A

gustatory hair

61
Q

Gustatory Hairs are stimulated by chemicals dissolved in

A

saliva

62
Q

several cranial nerves that carries impulses to the gustatory complex

A

Facial nerve
Glossopharyngeal nerve
Vagus nerve

63
Q

The Impulses of the taste buds are carried to the

A

Gustatory complex

64
Q

The 4 Taste Sensations are

A

Sweet receptors
Sour receptors
Bitter receptors
Salty receptors

65
Q

Sweet receptors senses

A

Sugars
Saccharine
Some amino acids

66
Q

Sour receptors senses

A

Acids

67
Q

Bitter receptors senses

A

Alkaloids

68
Q

Salty receptors senses

A

Metal ions

69
Q

the Special Senses are developed in early

A

embryonic development

70
Q

Organ that are outgrowths of the brain

A

eyes

71
Q

All special senses are functional at

A

birth

72
Q

Swallowing or yawning opens this tube and allows air to flow into or out of the middle ear. This helps equalize pressure on either side of the ear drum

A

eustachian tube

73
Q

the smallest bone in the body. It convey sound vibrations to the bone’s flat base.

A

Stapes

74
Q

transmits vibrations from the malleus to the stapes

A

Incus

75
Q

Contain fibers from the lateral side of the eye on the same side and the medial side of the opposite eye

A

Optic tracts

76
Q

Location where the optic nerves cross o Fibers from the medial side of each eye cross over to the opposite side of the brain

A

Optic chiasma

77
Q

fluid contained within the bony labyrinth, surrounding and protecting the membranous labyrinth

A

Perilymph

78
Q

a physiological fluid that fills the inner ear’s labyrinth and serves crucial sensory functions.

A

Endolymph

79
Q

The receptors og the organ of corti are hair cells on the _______________ ____________

A

Basilar membrane

Anatomy Lec (18 decks)

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