Skeletal system part 2 Flashcards
Hollow portions of bones surrounding the nasal cavity
Paranasal Sinuses
Lighten the skull
Give resonance and amplification to voice
paranasal sinuses
only bone that does not articulate with another bone.
Serves as a moveable base for the tongue
Hyoid Bone
large compared to the infants total body length
fetal skull
fibrous membranes connecting the cranial bones. It Allow the brain to grow
Fontanelles
The Fontanelles Convert to bone within ___ months after birth
24
The largest fontanel is the diamond shaped
anterior fontanel
gradually converted to bone during the early part of infancy and can no longer be felt by 22 to 24 months after birth
Fontanelles
It is separated by intervertebral discs
Vertebrae
The _____ has a normal curvature
spine
Lower part of your pelvis that’s sometimes referred to as your sit bones.
ischial tuberosity
The spinal curvatures in the ________ & ___________ are referred to as primary curvatures because they are present when we are born.
Thoracic and sacral regions
together the two primary curvatures produce the _ shaped spine of the new born baby
C
The curvatures in the ___________ & __________ are referred to as secondary curvatures because they develop sometime after birth.
cervical and lumbar region
The _________ curvature appears when a baby begins to raise its head,
cervical
The ______ curvature develops when the baby begins to walk
Lumbar
a sideways curvature of the spine that most often is diagnosed in adolescents
Scoliosis
an exaggerated, forward rounding of the upper back.
Kyphosis
the inward curve of the lumbar spine (just above the buttocks)
Lordosis
In the Cervical vertebrae, the ______ C1 has no body
atlas
In the Cervical vertebrae, the _____ (C2) acts as a pivot for the rotation of the atlas
Axis
The typical cervical vertebrae ________________ are the smallest, lightest vertebrae
(C3 through C7)
In the Cervical vertebrae, C1 and C2 are form the
Neck Region of the spine
The only vertebrae to articulate with the ribs
Thoracic Vertebrae
The Thoracic Vertebrae is composed of
12 bones
The Cervical Vertebrae is composed of
7 bones
Most of the stress on the vertebral column occurs in that region , these are the sturdiest of the vertebrae
Lumbar Vertebrae
The Lumbar Vertebrae is composed of
5 bones
It is Formed by the fusion of the 5 vertebrae
Sacrum
It Is the human tail bone
It is formed from the fusion of three to five tiny, irregularly shaped vertebrae
Coccyx
the first seven pairs (1 to 7) attach directly to the sternum by costal cartilages
True ribs (vertebrosternal ribs)
are connected to the sternum via individual costal cartilages that join together and attach collectively to the costal cartilage (vertebrochondral ribs)
False ribs, pairs,( 8th to 10th)
They still are false ribs
They are not attach to the sternum at all.
Instead their small costal cartilages terminate within the musculature of the lateral abdominal wall
Floating ribs (11 – 12)
Floating ribs are also known as
vertebral ribs
Ribs articulate ____________ with the T1- T12 thoracic vertebrae, and most attach anteriorly via the costal cartilages to the sternum
posteriorly
Is a hollow space surrounded by the rib cage and the diaphragm that contains the heart, lungs, esophagus, thymus, sympathetic trunk, and the great vessels
Thoracic Cavity
specialized accessory glands of the skin that secrete milk
They are situated in the pectoral region and their blood supply and lymphatic drainage are largely related to the armpit or axillary lymph nodes.
They lies in the superficial fascia covering the anterior chest wall
Breast
an extension of the mammary gland continues upward and laterally , pierces the deep fascia at the lower border of the pectoralis major muscle and enters the axilla.
It enlarges and assumes its hemispherical shape in females after puberty under the influence of the ovarian hormones.
Axillary tail
3 parts of Appendicular Skeleton
Limbs (appendages)
Pectoral girdle
Pelvic girdle
composed of 126 bones of the limbs (appendages), pectoral and the pelvic girdles which attach the limbs to the axial skeleton
Appendicular Skeleton
These bones allow the upper limb to have exceptionally free movement
Pectoral (Shoulder) Girdle
the Pectoral (Shoulder) Girdle is composed of 2 bones which are
Clavicle and scapula
Also known as the collarbone
Clavicle
Also known as the shoulder blade
Scapula
a slender, doubly curved bone. It attaches to the manubrium of the sternum medially and to the scapula laterally
Clavicle
are triangular in shaped and are called commonly as wings because they flare when we move our arms posteriorly
scapulae or shoulder blades
Each shoulder girdle attaches to the axial skeleton at only one point the __________ joint
sternoclavicular
The scapulae or shoulder blades are triangular in shaped and are called commonly as ______
Wings
The arm is formed by a single bone
Humerus
__________ separate bones form the skeletal framework of each upper limb
They formed the foundations of the arm, forearm and hand
Thirty
formed by a single bone the humerus which is a typical long bone
Arm
Two bones the radius and the ulna form the skeleton of the forearm
When the body is in an anatomical position the radius is the lateral bone that it is on the thumb side of the forearm
Forearm
The forearm is composed of two bones which are
radius and ulna
When the body is in an anatomical position the radius is the ________ bone that it is on the thumb side of the forearm
lateral
When the upper limb is in the anatomical position, the ulna is the _________ bone on the little finger side of the forearm
medial
Both the ulna and the radius have a __________________ at their distal end
styloid process
The wrist is composed of ___ bones
8
The palm is composed of ___ bones
5
The fingers are composed of ___ bones
14
The wrist bones are called
Carpals
The palm bones are called
Metacarpels
The finger bones are called
Phalanges
There are 8 carpal bones arranged in two irregular rows of four bones each, form the part of the hand called the _______ or more commonly the wrist.
carpus
the 8 carpal bones
Hamate trapezium
Pisiform trapezoid
Triquetrum scaphoid
Lunate capitate
The total weight of the upper body rests on the _______
pelvis
Are also known as Hip bones
Coxal bones
Each hip bone (coxal bone) is formed by the fusion of three bones:
Ilium
Ischium
Pubic bone
The pelvic girdle Protects several organs
Reproductive organs
Urinary bladder
Part of the large intestine
a large, flaring bone that forms most of the hip bone
Ilium
the “sit down” bone because it forms the most inferior part of the coxal bone
Ischium
the most anterior part of the coxal bone
pubis or pubic bone
