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Anatomy Lec > Skeletal System part 1 > Flashcards

Skeletal System part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Parts of the skeletal system

A

Bones (skeleton)
Joints
Cartilages
Ligaments

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2
Q

2 Divisions of the skeletal system

A

Axial skeleton
Appendicular skeleton

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3
Q

Bones that form the long axis of the body. It include the bones in your skull, ossicles (small bones) of your middle ear, hyoid bone of your neck, vertebra (bones of your spine) and thoracic cage (ribcage).
They are 80 bones in total

A

Axial Skeleton

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4
Q

Bones of the limbs and girdles.

Bones of the shoulder and pelvic girdles and their attached limbs.

They are 126 bones in total

A

Appendicular Skeleton

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5
Q

They Support of the body,
Protection of soft organs,
Movement due to attached skeletal muscles,
Storage of minerals and fats, and
Blood cell formation

A

Bones

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6
Q

An adult human has

A

206 bones

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7
Q

Two basic types of bone tissue

A

Compact and Spongy bone

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8
Q

Type of bone tissue that is Small needle-like
pieces of bone and has Many open spaces

A

Spongy bone

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9
Q

4 Classifications of bones

A

Long, Short, Flat, and Irregular bones

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10
Q

Bones that are Typically longer than wide.
They Have a shaft with heads at both ends and
Contain mostly compact bone

A

Long bones

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11
Q

Example of Long bones

A

Femur, and Humerus

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12
Q

Bones that are Generally cube-shape. They
Contain mostly spongy bone

A

Short Bone

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13
Q

Examples of Short bones

A

Carpals and Tarsals

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14
Q

Bones that are Thin and flattened. They are
Usually curved and have Thin layers of compact bone around a layer of spongy bone

A

Flat bones

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15
Q

Exaple of Flat bones

A

Skull, Ribs, sternum

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16
Q

Bones that are Irregular shape. They
Do not fit into other bone classification categories

A

Irregular Bones

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17
Q

Examples of Irregular bones

A

Vertebrae, and hips

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18
Q

In the anatomy f the long bone, it has a Shaft and is
Composed of compact bone

A

Diaphysis

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19
Q

In the anatomy of the long bone, it is the Ends of the bone. It is Composed mostly of spongy bone

A

Epiphysis

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20
Q

In the anatomy of the long bone, it is the Outside covering of the diaphysis
Fibrous connective tissue membrane

A

Periosteum

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21
Q

In the anatomy of the long bone, it Secure periosteum to underlying bone

A

Sharpey’s fibers

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22
Q

In the anatomy of the long bone, It Supply bone cells with nutrients

A

Arteries

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23
Q

In the anatomy of the long bone, it Covers the external surface of the epiphyses. It is Made of hyaline cartilage
Decreases friction at joint surfaces

A

Articular cartilage

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24
Q

In the anatomy of the long bone, Cavity of the shaft
Contains yellow marrow (mostly fat) in adults
Contains red marrow (for blood cell formation) in infants

A

Medullary cavity

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25
Q

Surface features of bones
Sites of attachments for muscles, tendons, and ligaments
Passages for nerves and blood vessels

A

Bone Markings

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26
Q

2 Categories of bone markings

A

Projections and processes and
Depressions or cavities

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27
Q

grow out from the bone surface

A

Projections and processes

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28
Q

indentations

A

Depressions or cavities

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29
Q

A unit of bone

A

Osteon (Haversian System)

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30
Q

Opening in the center of an osteon

A

Central (Haversian) canal

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31
Q

Canal perpendicular to the central canal
Carries blood vessels and nerves

A

Perforating (Volkman’s) canal

32
Q

Cavities containing bone cells (osteocytes)
Arranged in concentric rings

A

Lacunae

33
Q

Rings around the central canal
Sites of lacunae

A

Lamellae

34
Q

Tiny canals
Radiate from the central canal to lacunae
Form a transport system

A

Canaliculi

35
Q

In embryos, the skeleton is primarily _________.

A

hyaline cartilage

36
Q

During development, much of this cartilage is replaced by bone. But the Cartilage remains in isolated areas

A

Bridge of the nose
Parts of ribs
Joints

37
Q

It allow for growth of long bone during childhood.
New cartilage is continuously formed,
Older cartilage becomes ossified.
Cartilage is broken down,
Bone replaces cartilage.

A

Epiphyseal plates

38
Q

Mature bone cells

A

Osteocytes

39
Q

Bone-forming cells

A

Osteoblasts

40
Q

Bone-destroying cells
Break down bone matrix for remodeling and release of calcium

A

Osteoclasts

41
Q

a process by both osteoblasts and osteoclasts

A

Bone remodeling

42
Q

A break in a bone

A

Bone Fractures

43
Q

Types of bone fractures

A

Closed fracture and open fracture

44
Q

broken bone that does not penetrate the skin

A

Closed (simple) Fracture

45
Q

broken bone penetrates through the skin

A

Open (compound) fracture

46
Q

Bone fractures are treated by

A

reduction and immobilization

47
Q

Type of fracture that the bones break into many fragments

A

comminuted

48
Q

Type of fracture that is crushed and is more common in porous bones

A

Compression

49
Q

Type of fracture that the broken bone portion is pressed inward

A

Depressed

50
Q

Type of fracture that the broken bone ends are forced into each other

A

Impacted

51
Q

Type of fracture that ragged break occurs when excessive twisting forces are applied to the bone. It is a common sport injury.

A

Spiral

52
Q

Type of fracture where the bone breaks incompletely. Most common in children

A

Greenstick

53
Q

(blood-filled swelling)

A

Hematoma

54
Q

Break is splinted by fibrocartilage to form a

A

Callus

55
Q

remodeled to form a permanent patch

A

Bony Callus

56
Q

Forms the longitudinal part of the body

A

Axial Skeleton

57
Q

The 3 parts of the Axial Skeleton

A

Skull
Vertebral column
Bony thorax

58
Q

Two sets of bones in the skull

A

Cranium
Facial bones

59
Q

It is Composed of 8 large flat bones.
They are all single bones except for the parietal and temporal bones that are paired bones

A

Cranium

60
Q

Forms the forehead the bony projections under the eyebrows and the superior part of each eye’s orbit

A

Frontal Bones

61
Q

Paired and forms most of the superior and lateral walls of the cranium

A

Parietal Bones

62
Q

Lie inferior to the parietal bones

A

Temporal bones

63
Q

Most posterior bone of the cranium

A

Occipital bone

64
Q

Butterfly shaped bone spans the width of the skull and forms part of the floor of the cranial cavity

A

Sphenoid bone

65
Q

a small depression in the middle of the sphenoid which forms a snug enclosure for the pituitary gland

A

Sella turcica

66
Q

Forms the roof of the nasal cavity and part of the medial walls of the orbits

A

Ethmoid bone

67
Q

literally (cock’s comb) projecting from its superior surface

A

Crista galli

68
Q

Fourteen bones compose the face.
Twelve are paired
Only the mandible and vomer are single

A

FACIAL BONES

69
Q

The only 2 Facial bones that are single

A

mandible and vomer

70
Q

fuse to form the upper jaw

A

The two maxillae or maxillary bones

71
Q

Form the posterior part of the hard palate

A

Palatine bones

72
Q

Commonly referred to as the cheekbones

A

Zygomatic bones

73
Q

Fingernail sized bones forming part of the medial walls of each orbit

A

Lacrimal bones

74
Q

Forming the bridge of the nose

A

Nasal bones

75
Q

The single bone in the median line of the nasal cavity

A

Vomer bone

76
Q

thin, curved bones projecting medially from the lateral walls of the nasal cavity

A

Inferior nasal concha

77
Q

lower jaw is the largest and strongest bone of the face

A

Mandible

Anatomy Lec (18 decks)

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