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Anatomy Lec > Nervous system part 1 > Flashcards

Nervous system part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

gathering information.

To monitor changes occurring inside and outside the body

A

Sensory input

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2
Q

Changes

A

stimuli

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3
Q

To process and interpret sensory input and decide if action is needed

A

Integration

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4
Q

A response to integrated stimuli

The response activates muscles or glands

A

Motor output

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5
Q

Parts of the Central nervous system (CNS)

A

Brain
Spinal cord

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6
Q

Parts of the Peripheral nervous system (PNS)

A

Nerve outside the brain and spinal cord

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7
Q

Sensory division is also known as

A

afferent

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8
Q

Nerve fibers that carry information to the central nervous system

A

Sensory (afferent) division

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9
Q

Motor division is also known as

A

efferent

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10
Q

Nerve fibers that carry impulses away from the central nervous system

A

Motor (efferent) division

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11
Q

Two subdivisions of Motor (efferent) division

A

Somatic nervous system
Autonomic nervous system

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12
Q

Is the voluntary subdivision of the motor division

A

Somatic nervous system

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13
Q

Is the involuntary subdivision of the motor division

A

Autonomic nervous system

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14
Q

An Abundant, star-shaped cells that is also known as Brace neurons. They Form barrier
between capillaries and neurons which Control the chemical environment of
the brain.

A

Astrocytes

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15
Q

The support cell of the nervous tissue

A

Neuroglia / Glia

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16
Q

A Spider-like phagocytes that Dispose of debris

A

Microglia

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17
Q

Line cavities of the brain and spinal cord which Circulate
cerebrospinal fluid

A

Ependymal cells

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18
Q

Produce myelin sheath around nerve fibers in the central nervous system.

A

Oligodendrocytes

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19
Q

They Protect neuron cell bodies

A

Satellite cells

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20
Q

Form myelin sheath in the peripheral nervous system

A

Schwann cells

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21
Q

nerve cells

A

Neurons

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22
Q

Cells specialized to transmit messages

A

Neurons

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23
Q

Major regions of neurons

A

Cell body and Neuron processes

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24
Q

nucleus and metabolic center of the cell

A

Cell body

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25
Q

fibers that extend from the cell body

A

Nerve Processes

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26
Q

specialized rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER)

A

Nissl substance

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27
Q

intermediate CYTOSKELETON that maintains cell shape

A

Neurofibrils

28
Q

conduct impulses TOWARD the cell body

A

Dendrites

29
Q

conduct impulses AWAY from the cell body

A

Axons

30
Q

Axons end in

A

axonal terminals

31
Q

contain vesicles with neurotransmitters

A

Axonal terminals

32
Q

are separated from the next neuron by a gap

A

Axonal terminals

33
Q

the GAP between adjacent neurons

A

Synaptic cleft

34
Q

the JUNCTION between nerves

A

Synapse

35
Q

produce myelin sheaths in jelly-roll like fashion in the PNS

A

Schwann cells

36
Q

gaps in myelin sheath along the axon

A

Nodes of Ranvier

37
Q

Most neuron cell body are found in the central nervous system

A

central nervous system

38
Q

cell bodies and unmylenated fibers

A

Gray matter

39
Q

clusters of cell bodies within the white matter of the central nervous system

A

Nuclei

40
Q

collections of cell bodies outside the central nervous system

A

Ganglia

41
Q

Carry impulses from the sensory receptors which are located in the Cutaneous sense organs

A

Sensory (afferent) neurons

42
Q

detect stretch or tension

A

Proprioceptors

43
Q

Carry impulses from the central nervous system

A

Motor (efferent) neurons

44
Q

Interneurons are also known as

A

association neurons

45
Q

Found in neural pathways in the central nervous system which Connect sensory and motor neurons,

A

Interneurons

46
Q

3 Structural Classification of Neurons

A

Multipolar bipolar, and unipolar neurons

47
Q

many extensions from the cell body

A

Multipolar neurons

48
Q

one axon and one dendrite

A

Bipolar neurons

49
Q

have a short single process leaving the cell body

A

Unipolar neurons

50
Q

ability to respond to stimuli

A

Irritability

51
Q

ability to transmit an impulse

A

Conductivity

52
Q

The plasma membrane at rest is

A

polarized

53
Q

In the rested plasma membrane, Fewer __________ ions are inside the cell than outside the cell

A

positive

53
Q

a stimulus depolarizes the neuron’s membrane

A

Depolarization

54
Q

A deploarized membrane allows _______ to flow inside the membrane

A

sodium (Na+)

55
Q

The exchange of ions initiates an _______ ________ in the neuron

A

Action potential

56
Q

If the action potential (nerve impulse) starts, it is propagated over the entire _____

A

axon

57
Q

action potential is also known as

A

nerve impulse

58
Q

___________ ions rush out of the neuron after sodium ions rush in, which repolarizes the membrane

A

Potassium

59
Q

The _______________ ____ restores the original configuration

A

sodium-potassium pump

60
Q

The sodium-potassium pump requires

A

ATP

61
Q

Impulses travel faster when fibers have a ______ ______

A

myelin sheath

62
Q

are able to cross the synapse to another nerve

A

Impulses

63
Q

is released from a nerve’s axon terminal

A

Neurotransmitter

64
Q

The ________ of the next neuron has receptors that are stimulated by the neurotransmitter

A

dendrite

65
Q

An action potential is started in the _________

A

dendrite

Anatomy Lec (18 decks)

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