Nervous system part 3 Flashcards
Provides involuntary coordination of body movements
Cerebellum
the brain is protected by the
skull
if the real brain being remove the skull which is consist of
meninges
Only has one part only in the brain
Cerebellum
The Cerebellum has __ hemispheres with convoluted surfaces
2
Scalp and skin
Skull and vertebral column
Meninges
Cerebrospinal fluid
Blood brain barrier
Protection of the Central Nervous System
a very powerful organ that produces thoughts
mind
The 3 Meninges are
Dura mater
Arachnoid layer
Pia mater
A Double-layered external covering that Folds inward in several areas. It is near the skull
Dura mater
A layer of dura mater that is attached to surface of the skull
Periosteum
A layer of dura mater that is the outer covering of the brain
Meningeal layer
The Middle layer of the meninges that is Web-like which covers the brain tissue
Arachnoid layer
spinal cord has tube then many cerebrospinal fluid
yes
The internal layer of the meninges that Clings to the surface of the brain
Pia mater
Similar to blood plasma composition, it is Formed by the choroid plexus which Forms a watery cushion to protect the brain
Cerebrospinal Fluid
It is the fluid that Circulated in arachnoid space, ventricles, and central canal of the spinal cord
Cerebrospinal Fluid
Nonneural tissue coverings of the brain and spinal cord; meninges.
Mater
IT Includes the least permeable capillaries of the body which Excludes many potentially harmful substances.
Blood Brain Barrier
In the blood brain barrier, it is Useless against some substances like
Fats and fat soluble molecules
Respiratory gases
Alcohol
Nicotine
Anesthesia
respiratory gases
CO2 and CO
Nicotine is found on
cigarettes
makes you sleep if brain surgery is done
anesthesia
3 Traumatic Brain Injuries
Concussion
Contusion
Cerebral edema
A Slight brain injury with No permanent brain damage
Concussion
A Nervous tissue destruction occurs which a Nervous tissue does not regenerate which means its permanent
Contusion
A Swelling from the inflammatory response. It May compress and kill brain tissue. causes tumor swelling
Cerebral edema
CVA is
Cerebrovascular Accident
cerebro refers to the
brain
Commonly called a stroke.
It is the result of a ruptured blood vessel supplying a region of the brain. It could be triggered by hypertension
Cerebrovascular Accident
A Brain tissue supplied with oxygen from that blood source dies which causes a Loss of some functions or death may result
Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA)
A Progressive degenerative brain disease that is Mostly seen in the elderly, but may begin in middle age.
Alzheimer’s Disease
Structural changes in the brain include abnormal protein deposits and twisted fibers within neurons. The Victims experience memory loss, irritability, confusion and ultimately, hallucinations and death
Alzheimer’s Disease
It Extends from the medulla oblongata to the region of T12
Spinal Cord
Below T12 is the _______ _______ (a collection of spinal nerves). A fail part
cauda equina
In the spinal cord, it occur in the cervical and lumbar regions
Enlargements
conduction tracts
Exterior white mater
mostly cell bodies. Examples are the Dorsal (posterior) horns and Anterior (ventral) horn
Internal gray matter
The _______ ______ filled with cerebrospinal fluid
Central canal
_________ cover the spinal cord
Meninges
Nerves leave at the level of each ___________
vertebrae
Associated with the dorsal root ganglia – collections of cell bodies outside the central nervous system
Dorsal root
collections of cell bodies outside the central nervous system
dorsal root ganglia
bundle of neuron fibers
Nerve
Neuron fibers are bundled by ____________ _______
connective tissue
The Nerves and ganglia outside the central nervous system
Peripheral Nervous System
surrounds each fiber of a nerve
Endoneurium
Groups of fibers are bound into fascicles by
perineurium
Fascicles are bound together by
epineurium
both sensory and motor fibers
Mixed nerves
carry impulses toward the CNS
Afferent (sensory) nerves
carry impulses away from the CNS
Efferent (motor) nerves
12 pairs of nerves that mostly serve the head and neck which are Numbered in order, front to back
Cranial Nerves
Most are mixed nerves, but three are sensory only
Cranial Nerves
sensory for smell
Olfactory nerve
sensory for vision
Optic nerve
motor fibers to eye muscles which these eye muscle does not have movement
Oculomotor nerve
motor fiber to eye muscles
Trochlear
sensory for the face; motor fibers to chewing muscles that if being damage can no longer anew.
Trigeminal nerve
motor fibers to eye muscles
Abducens nerve
sensory for taste; motor fibers to the face
Facial nerve
sensory for balance and hearing
Vestibulocochlear nerve
sensory for taste; motor fibers to the pharynx
Glossopharyngeal nerve
sensory and motor fibers for pharynx, larynx, and viscera which is the longest nerve
Vagus nerves
motor fibers to neck and upper back
Accessory nerve
motor fibers to tongue
Hypoglossal nerve
Location and ventricles of the cerebrospinal fluid
Lateral ventricles
third ventricle
cerebral aqueduct
fourth ventricle
there are __ vertebrae
31
there are __ cranial nerves
12
there are __ that generates vertebrae of the spinal cord
21
This type of anaesthesia still makes a patient talk
regional anaesthesia
This type of anaesthesia that could paralyze
general anaesthesia
the cranial nerves has _ pairs that mostly serve the head and neck
2
