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Spain - The North Flashcards

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Introductory Sommelier Exam (CMS) flashcards
1
Q

What group brought winemaking to Galicia

A

The Cistercian Monks from Burgundy

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2
Q

What is the main varietal of Rias Baixas DO

A

Albariño

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3
Q

What are the 5 subzones of Rias Baixas DO

A

Val do Salnes
Ribeira do Ulla
Soutomaior
O Rosal
Condado do Tea

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4
Q

What river separates Rias Baixas from Portugal

A

The Minho River

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5
Q

If ‘Albariño’ appears on the label in Rias Biaxas what are the blending requirements

A

Must be 100% Albariño

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6
Q

What are the 3 red grapes of Rias Baixas

A

Espadeiro
Caiño Tinto
Mencia

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7
Q

Which subzone of Rias Baixas may not appear on a label

A

Soutomaior

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8
Q

What is the primary soil type of Rias Baixas

A

Xabre - decomposed granite

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9
Q

What two rivers confluence in Ribeiro DO

A

Miño
Avía

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10
Q

What is the dominant white grape of Ribeiro DO

A

Treixadura

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11
Q

What is Vino Tostado

A

A historical wine style popular during the 1500s and 1600s from Ribeiro in which grapes are left to dry for at least 3 months following harvest, vinified, and aged for 6 months in oak

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12
Q

What two rivers run through Ribeira Sacra DO

A

Miño
Sil

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13
Q

What are the major soil types found in Ribeira Sacra DO

A

Granite
Slate

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14
Q

What is the dominant varietal in Ribeira Sacra DO

A

Mencia

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15
Q

What is the landscape of Ribeira Sacra DO

A

Steep hillsides with ancient terraces that form vineyards

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16
Q

What are the dominant red and white varietals of Valdeorras DO

A

Mencia
Godello

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17
Q

What river flows through Valdeorras DO

A

The Sil River

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18
Q

What two varietals are the sole authorized for monovarietal wines in Valdeorras DO

A

Mencia
Godello

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19
Q

What is the climate of Valdeorras DO

A

Continental

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20
Q

What is the climate of Galicia (overall)

A

Wet coastal maritime

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21
Q

What river flows through Monterrei DO

A

The Tamega River

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22
Q

What is the climate of Monterrei DO

A

Continental with Atlantic influence

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23
Q

What is the main soil type of Valdeorras DO

A

Slate

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24
Q

What are the 3 major white varietals of Monterrei DO

A

Doña Branca
Godello
Treixadura

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25
Q

What are the 2 major red varietals of Monterrei DO

A

Bastardo
Mencia

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26
Q

What is the VCIG region of Asturias

A

Cangas VCIG

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27
Q

What are the two VdIT regions of Cantabria

A

Costa de Cantabria VdIT
Leibana VdIT

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28
Q

What is the red varietal of Costa de Cantabria VdIT

A

Hondarrabi Beltza

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29
Q

What are the three DOs of the Basque Country

A

Bizkaiko Txakolina DO
Getariako Txakolina DO
Arabako Txakolina DO

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30
Q

What is the dominant white varietal of the Basque Country

A

Hondarrabi Zuri

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31
Q

What is the dominant red varietal of the Basque Country

A

Hondarrabi Beltza

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32
Q

What DOCa subregion overlaps with the Basque Country

A

Rioja Alavesa (Rioja DOCa)

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33
Q

What is the climate of Bierzo DO

A

Continental with moderate influence from the Atlantic

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34
Q

What is the dominant red varietal of Bierzo DO

A

Mencia

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35
Q

What mountain range shelters Bierzo DO from the Atlantic

A

Serra de los Ancares

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36
Q

What river flows through Bierzo DO

A

The Sil River

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37
Q

How does vineyard classification work in Bierzo DO

A

Quality sites identified as Gran Vino de Viña (Based on Burgundian style Grand Cru vineyards)

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38
Q

What are the white varietals of Bierzo DO

A

Godello
Doña Branca

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39
Q

What are the blending laws for Rosado in Bierzo DO

A

Min. 50% Mencia

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40
Q

What river cuts through Rueda DO

A

The Duero River

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41
Q

What are the soils of Rueda DO

A

Gravel
Limestone

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42
Q

What are the two main white grapes of Rueda DO

A

Sauvignon Blanc
Verdejo

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43
Q

What is the main red grape of Rueda DO

A

Tempranillo

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44
Q

What are the requirements for Gran Vino de Rueda

A

Vines must be at least 50 years old

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45
Q

What is Vino de Puebla in Rueda

A

‘Village Wine’ from 70 authorized towns

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46
Q

What are the blending laws for Rueda white wines

A

Must be min. 50% Verdejo OR Sauvignon Blanc

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47
Q

Who founded Vega Sicilia, and in what year

A

Don Eloy Lecanda Y Chaves in 1864

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48
Q

What is the climate of Ribera del Duero

A

Extreme continental

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49
Q

What is the synonym for Tempranillo in Ribera del Duero

A

Tinto Fino

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50
Q

What is the sole white varietal of Ribera del Duero

A

Albillo Mayor

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51
Q

In addition to Tempranillo what other red varietals may be found in Ribera del Duero

A

Garnacha
Cabernet Sauvignon
Merlot

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52
Q

What are the aging requirements for Red Crianza in Ribera del Duero

A

Min. 2 years
1 year in oak

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53
Q

What are the aging requirements for Red Reserva in Ribera del Duero

A

Min. 3 years
1 year in oak

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54
Q

What are the aging requirements for Red Gran Reserva in Ribera del Duero

A

Min. 5 years
2 years in oak

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55
Q

What is the climate of Arlanza DO

A

Continental

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56
Q

What are the main soil types in Arlanza DO

A

Sand
Clay

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57
Q

What are the two white varietals of Arlanza DO

A

Albillo Mayor
Macabeo

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58
Q

What is the blending requirement for Arlanza DO red wines

A

Min. 50% Tempranillo

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59
Q

What is the main soil type in Cigales DO

A

Galets Roules (similar to Chateauneuf-du-Pape)

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60
Q

What is the main grape varietal in Cigales DO

A

Tempranillo

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61
Q

Name 2 higher elevation DOs in Castilla y Leon

A

Cigales DO
Léon DO

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62
Q

What is the main varietal of Leon DO

A

Prieto Picudo

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63
Q

What are the soil types of Leon DO

A

Alluvial
Limestone

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64
Q

In what DO would you find Prieto Picudo

A

Léon DO

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65
Q

What is the climate of Toro DO

A

Continental

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66
Q

What is the synonym for Tempranillo in Toro DO

A

Tinto del Toro

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67
Q

What are the blending laws for red wine in Toro DO

A

Min. 85% Tinto del Toro OR Garnacha

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68
Q

What DO surrounds part of Toro DO in an ‘L’ shape

A

Tierra del Vino de Zamora DO

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69
Q

What are the blending laws for red wine in Tierra del Vino de Zamora DO

A

Min. 75% Tempranillo

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70
Q

What is the main soil type in Tierra del Vino de Zamora DO

A

Alluvial

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71
Q

What DO is located along the Duero River on the border with Portugal

A

Arribes DO

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72
Q

What are the two main varietals of Arribes DO

A

Bruñal
Juan García

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73
Q

What are the main soil types of Arribes DO

A

Quarts
Granite
Slate

74
Q

What is the synonym for Carignan in Rioja

A

Manzuelo

75
Q

What mountain range protects Rioja from Atlantic influence

A

The Cantabrian Mountains

76
Q

What river runs through Rioja

A

The Ebro River

77
Q

What are the three subregions of Rioja DOCa

A

Rioja Alta
Rioja Alavesa
Rioja Oriental

78
Q

What two river valleys are located within Rioja Alta

A

Oja Valley
Najerilla Valley

79
Q

What are the respective soil types of the Oja Valley and Najerilla Valley in Rioja Alta

A

Oja - Chalk & alluvial
Najerilla - Iron-rich clay

80
Q

What is the main soil type of Rioja Alavesa

A

Limestone

81
Q

Which Rioja DOCa subzone focuses on Grenache

A

Rioja Oriental

82
Q

What is the dominant varietal of Rioja Alavesa

A

Tempranillo

83
Q

What varietals may contribute to the blend of Rioja DOCa red wines

A

Tempranillo
Garnacha
Manzuelo (Carignan)
Maturana Tinta (Trousseau/Bastardo)
Graciano

84
Q

What is the synonym for Bastardo in Rioja DOCa

A

Maturana Tinta

85
Q

What is the min. sur lie aging required for Traditional Method sparkling wine produced in Rioja DOCa

A

Min. 15 months sur lie

86
Q

What is the dominant grape for white wine in Rioja DOCa

A

Viura

87
Q

What type of oak is traditionally used for Rioja DOCa

A

New American Oak

88
Q

What are the aging requirements for Rioja DOCa red Crianza

A

Min. 2 years
1 year in oak

89
Q

What are the aging requirements for Rioja DOCa red Reserva

A

Min. 3 years
1 year in oak

90
Q

What are the aging requirements for Rioja DOCa red Gran Reserva

A

Min. 5 years
2 years in oak

91
Q

What are the requirements for single vineyard sites to appear on a label in Rioja DOCa

A

Vines must exceed 35 years old

92
Q

What is Vino Espumoso de Calidad de Rioja

A

Traditional method sparkling wines from Rioja

93
Q

What two subregions are home to a majority of vineyard land in Navarra

A

Ribera Alta
Ribera Baja

94
Q

What is the dominant red varietal of Baja Montaña in Navarra

A

Old vine Garnacha

95
Q

What is the common method for Rosado production in Navarra

A

Saignée method

96
Q

What are the four DO of Aragon

A

Calatayud DO
Cariñena DO
Campo de Borja DO
Somontano DO

97
Q

What is the largest DO in Aragon

A

Calatayud DO

98
Q

What factor moderates the climate of Calatayud DO

A

Elevation - vines are planted above 500m in elevation

99
Q

What is the main varietal of Calatayud DO

A

Garnacha

100
Q

What are the requirements for wine in Calatayud DO labeled Calatayud Superiore

A

Min. 85% Garnacha from 50+ year old vines

101
Q

What is the most planted varietal in Cariñena DO

A

Garnacha

102
Q

What river valley is Campo de Borja DO located in

A

Ebro River Valley

103
Q

What is the most planted varietal in Campo de Borja DO

A

Garnacha

104
Q

What are the principle soil types of Campo de Borja DO

A

Chalk and clay

105
Q

Name at least 3 authorized white varietals in Campo de Borja DO

A

Garnacha Blanca
Macabeo
Moscatel
Chardonnay
Sauvignon Blanc

106
Q

What does ‘Viñas Viejas’ indicate on a label in Calatayud DO

A

Vines are over 35 years old

107
Q

What is Vino de Aguja

A

Semi-sparkling wine

108
Q

What varietals are authorized for Vino de Licor in Calatayud DO & Cariñena DO

A

Moscatel de Alejandría
Macabeo
Garnacha Tinta

109
Q

What are the main soils of Cariñena DO

A

Miocene Clay
Limestone
Gravel

110
Q

What is the principle soil type of Calatayud DO

A

Brown Limestone

111
Q

What are the principle soil types of Somontano DO

A

Limestone
Clay

112
Q

What is the principle varietal of Cangas VCIG

A

Albarín (Blanco y Tinto)

113
Q

Who made the first sparkling wine in Catalonia

A

Antoní Gali Comas

114
Q

Who made the first traditional method sparkling wine from the classic Cava grapes

A

Josep Raventos

115
Q

What is the min. aging required for Cava

A

9 months sur lie

116
Q

What are three principle varietals of Cava DO

A

Macabeo
Xarel-Lo
Parellada

117
Q

What is the min. aging required for Cava Reserva

A

18 months sur lie

118
Q

What is the min. aging required for Cava Gran Reserva

A

30 months sur lie

119
Q

What is Cava de Paraje Calificado

A

Cava from a single vineyard site of min. 10 year old vines
Min. 36 months aging sur lie

120
Q

Name the authorized varietals in Cava DO

A

Parellada
Macabeo
Xarel-lo
Chardonnay
Malvasia
Pinot Noir
Monastrell
Garnacha
Trepat

121
Q

What is the authorized foil color for the following categories of Cava

Cava de Guarda
Reserva
Gran Reserva
Paraje Calificado

A

Green - Cava de Guarda
Silver - Reserva
Gold - Gran Reserva
Antique Gold - Paraje Calificado

122
Q

What is Elaborador Integral

A

A stamp on Cava bottles indicating that the producer carries out the entire production themselves, from growing to bottling

123
Q

Aside from Catalonia, name other regions authorized for Cava

A

Aragon
Basque Country
Extremadura
Rioja
Navarra
Valencia

124
Q

What are sparkling wines produced in the style of Cava under Penedes DO labeled as

A

Classic Penedés

125
Q

What is Corpinnat

A

An association of growers producing sparkling wine in Catalonia, requiring producers to grow organically and produce from vineyards they own (grower-producers)

126
Q

Do Corpinnat producers use the Cava DO

A

No, they are independent from the DO

127
Q

What is the requirement for indigenous varietals in Corpinnat sparkling wines

A

Min. 90% indigenous Spanish varietals

128
Q

What are the three unofficial subregions of Penedes DO

A

Penedes Maritim
Penedes Central
Penedes Superior

129
Q

What are the main varietals of Penedes Maritim

A

Monastrell
Garnacha
Cariñena

130
Q

What DO is home to a majority of Cava production

A

Penedes DO

131
Q

What mountain range is home to some of the highest elevation vineyards in Penedes DO

A

Monserrat Mountains

132
Q

What is the range of residual sugar for Vino Dulce de Frio in Penedes

A

70-150 g/L

133
Q

What is Vino Dulce de Frio in Penedes DO

A

A style similar to Eiswein in Penedes DO

134
Q

What is the min. must weight for Penedes DO Vino Dulce de Frio / Vino Dulce Natural

A

240 g/L

135
Q

What is the legend behind the origin of Priorat DOCa’s name

A

Named after a monastery built in the 12th century at the site of a supposed vision in which a shepherd saw a ladder and angels ascend to heaven

136
Q

Who is responsible for leading the charge of quality winemaking in Priorat in the late 80s

A

Rene Barbier

137
Q

How many villages are authorized to produce Priorat DOCa

A

12

138
Q

What are the main soil types in Priorat DOCa

A

Llicorella (Shist & quartzite)

139
Q

What affect does Llicorella soil have on the vineyards of Priorat DOCa

A

It reflects heat back onto the vines and has good drainage

140
Q

What is the min. ABV for white wine in Priorat DOQ

A

Min. 13%

141
Q

What is the min. ABV for red wine in Priorat DOQ

A

Min. 13.5%

142
Q

What are the dominant varietals in Priorat DOQ

A

Garnacha
Cariñena
Cabernet Sauvignon
Syrah

143
Q

What mountain range protects Priorat DOQ from fierce northern winds

A

Serra de Montsant

144
Q

What does Vi de Guarda indicate in Priorat DOQ

A

Min. 1 year in oak (red wine only)

145
Q

What are the two ‘recommended’ varietals for Priorat DOQ

A

Garnacha
Cariñena

146
Q

What does Vi de Finca indicate in Priorat DOQ

A

Single vineyard designation (not part of Vi de Vinya system)

147
Q

What is Vi de Vinya Classificada

A

A system in Priorat DOQ based on Burgundy in which quality sites are designated as Vi de Vinya Classificada and Vi de Gran Vinya Classificada

148
Q

What are the requirements for wine in Priorat DOQ to be labeled Velles Vinyes

A

Min. 75 year old vines (planted prior to 1945)

149
Q

What does Vi de Paratge mean

A

100% of grapes sourced from a single site in Priorat

150
Q

How many lieux dits are identified in Priorat Vi de Paratge

A

459

151
Q

What is the min. must weight for Vino Dulce Natural (Vi de Licor) in Priorat DOQ

A

Min. 320 g/L

152
Q

Where is Monstant DO located

A

A near-complete ring surrounding Priorat DOQ

153
Q

What are the main varietals of Montsant DO

A

Garnacha
Cariñena

154
Q

What is Vino Rancio (Spain)

A

Oxadative style of wine typically fortified produced in Catalonia’s major DOs

155
Q

What are the two major subzones of Terragona DO

A

Camp de Terragona
Comarca Ribera d’Ebre

156
Q

What is the min. percentage of a given varietal to be labeled as said varietal in Terragona DO and Montsant DO

A

Min. 85% of stated varietal

157
Q

Where is Comarca Ribera d’Ebre located

A

The mouth of the Ebro river on the Mediterranean

158
Q

What is the min. aging requirement for Garnatxa de Tarragona DO

A

Min. 2 years

159
Q

What are the blending laws for O Rosal subzone of Rías Baixas DO

A

Min. 70% Albariño and Loureiro

160
Q

What are the blending laws for Condado do Tea subzone of Rías Baixas DO

A

Min. 70% Albariño and Treixadura

161
Q

What is the min. ABV for Albariño in Rias Baixas DO

A

Min. 11.3% ABV

162
Q

What is the required base varietal for Espumoso wines in Valdeorras DO

A

Godello

163
Q

What are the dominant varietals of Conca de Barberà DO

A

Macabeo
Parellada

164
Q

What native red grape of Conca de Barberà DO is used for Cava production

A

Trepat

165
Q

What does ‘Reserva Superior’ indicate on a label in Conca de Barberà DO

A

Min. 24 months sur lie aging

166
Q

What is the synonym for Tempranillo in Conca de Barberà DO

A

Ull de Llebre

167
Q

What are the main soil types of Conca de Barberà DO

A

Alluvial
Calcareous

168
Q

Name a major river in Conca de Barberà DO

A

Francolí

169
Q

Where is Costers del Segre DO

A

A non-contiguous DO scattered among central west Catalonia

170
Q

Name a notable producer within Costers del Segre DO

A

Raimat

171
Q

What is the main soil type of Terra Alta DO

A

Limestone

172
Q

In what region would you find Terra Alta DO

A

Catalonia

173
Q

In what region would you find Costers del Segre DO

A

Catalonia

174
Q

What river does Pla de Bages DO surround

A

The Llobregat River

175
Q

What two varietals is Pla de Bages DO known for

A

Macabeo
Picapoll Blanco

176
Q

Where is Empordá DO

A

Northeast tip of Catalonia

177
Q

What are the two non-contiguous sectors of Empordá DO

A

Alt Empordá
Baix Empordá

178
Q

What French region continues into Empordá DO on the Spanish side of the border

A

Banyuls AOC

179
Q

What are the dominant varietals for Vin de Licor Production in Empordá DO

A

Garnacha
Moscatel

180
Q

What style of wine is not authorized under the umbrella Catalunya DO appellation

A

Sparkling wine

181
Q

What varietal is used to produce the wine ‘La Faraona’

A

Mencía

Advanced Sommelier Exam (35 decks)

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