Madeira & Port

Question 1

Where is Madeira in relation to mainland Portgual

Answer 1

625 Miles southwest near Western Sahara

Question 2

What two islands may produce Madeira

Answer 2

Madeira
Porto Santo

Question 3

What sub-varietals of Malvasia are planted on Madeira

Answer 3

Malvasia Fina (Bual)
Malvasia Candida
Malvasia Branca de São Jorge

Question 4

Name 7 varietals planted on Madeira

Answer 4

Tinta Negra
Sercial
Verdelho
Bual
Malmsey
Bastardo
Terrantez

Question 5

What is the min. ABV for the spirit used to fortify Madeira

Answer 5

96% ABV

Question 6

What are the two modern techniques used to heat Madeira following fermentation

Answer 6

Estufagem
Canteiro

Question 7

What is the Canteiro process

Answer 7

Wines are aged in casks for at least two years in lodge attics, slowly heated naturally

Question 8

What is the typical range of residual sugar for Sercial Madeira

Answer 8

18-65 g/L of RS

Question 9

What is the typical range of residual sugar for Verdelho Madeira

Answer 9

49-78 g/L of RS

Question 10

What is the typical range of residual sugar for Boal Madeira

Answer 10

78-96 g/L of RS

Question 11

What is the typical range of residual sugar for Malmsey Madeira

Answer 11

96-135 g/L of RS

Question 12

What is Frasqueira Madeira

Answer 12

Vintage Madeira aged for a min. 20 years in cask from a single varietal aged in the Canteiro method

Question 13

What is Vinho da Volta

Answer 13

Madeira aged naturally during a voyage across the equator, not produced since the early 1900s

Question 14

What is the ABV range of Madeira

Answer 14

17-22% ABV

Question 15

What is Colheita Madeira

Answer 15

Produced from a single vintage (min 85%) and aged at least 5 years prior to bottling
The word vintage may not be used on label

Question 16

In what year did the Portuguese discover Madeira

Answer 16

1419

Question 17

In what year was the Douro first demarcated

Answer 17

1756

Question 18

What is ‘lei do terço’

Answer 18

‘Law of the third’ - requires Port houses to only sell 1/3rd of their inventory annually

Question 19

What are the max yields for red grapes in the Douro destined for Port production

Answer 19

55 hl/ha

Question 20

What are the max yields for white grapes in the Douro destined for Port production

Answer 20

65 hl/ha

Question 21

Name at least 5 red Port varietals

Answer 21

Touriga Nacional
Touriga Franca
Tinta Roriz
Tinta Cão
Tinta Barroca
Tinta Amarela
Bastardo
Mourisco Tinto

Question 22

Name at least 5 white Port varietals

Answer 22

Gouveio
Malvasia Fina
Viosinho
Rabigato
Esgana Cão
Golgasão

Question 23

What is ‘Benefico’

Answer 23

The fortification of wine with spirit in the Port production process

Question 24

When is Port fortified

Answer 24

When roughly 1/3rd of sugar content has been converted to alcohol

Question 25

What is the ABV of Aguardiente used to fortify Port

Answer 25

77%

Question 26

What is a 'pipe' in the Douro

Answer 26

A tradition barrel used for aging and shipping Port

Question 27

What is the set 'pipe' size for shipping Port

Answer 27

534.24 Liters

Question 28

What is Single Quinta Vintage Port

Answer 28

Made with the same process as vintage port, however all fruit from a single estate

Question 29

What is a Single Quinta Vintage Port produced by Taylor's

Answer 29

Quinta de Vargellas

Question 30

What is a Single Quinta Vintage Port produced by Warre's

Answer 30

Quinta da Cavadinha

Question 31

What is a Single Quinta Vintage Port produced by Dow's

Answer 31

Quinta do Bomfim

Question 32

What is Late Bottled Vintage Port

Answer 32

Ruby port that is cask-aged for 4-6 years prior to bottling, leaving some notes of Tawny Port while retaining youthful fruit characteristics

Question 33

What does 'Envelhecido em Garrafa' indicate on a bottle of Late Bottled Vintage Port

Answer 33

Additional minimum of 3 years of bottle aging following 4-6 years in barrel

Question 34

How does age indication work on Tawny Port labels

Answer 34

The IVDP deems a Tawny Port's age statement based upon taste rather than actual age, evaluating if a Port tastes like 10 years, 20 years, etc.

Question 35

What is Colheita Tawny Port

Answer 35

Vintage-dated Port with a minimum of 7 years in cask though often aged for decades

Question 36

What is the word for vintage Madeira

Answer 36

Frasqueira

Question 37

What is the synonym for Esgana Cão in Madeira

Answer 37

Sercial

Question 38

When must a Port producer declare a vintage

Answer 38

15 months following harvest

Question 39

What are the two main types of closures in Port and what are their purposes

Answer 39

Driven Cork - used for Vintage and LBV port, thicker and driven directly into bottle allowing the wine to age naturally in bottle Stopper Cork - used for Ruby and Tawny Ports, a short cork that fits snugly in a bottle and not designed for long term aging