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Advanced Sommelier Exam > South Africa > Flashcards

South Africa Flashcards

1
Q

What is the KWV
Briefly discuss its’ history and decline

A

A centralized cooperative that nearly all growers in South Africa joined to monopolize the export market, though the organization quickly became aligned with the Nation Party who formed apartheid
The organization declined in power in the 60s and 70s but still maintained influence until the 90s
Apartheid’s abolition in 94 opened the country to the world and destroyed the KWVs monopoly

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2
Q

What year was Apartheid abolished

A

1994

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3
Q

What two oceans meet at South Africa

A

Indian Ocean
Atlantic Ocean

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4
Q

What Antarctic current cools the coastal regions of South Africa

A

Benguela Current

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5
Q

What fierce current originates in the southeast of South Africa

A

The Cape Doctor

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6
Q

What effect does the Cape Doctor have on South African vineyards

A

It helps mitigate disease pressure
Can damage vines when at its’ fiercest

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7
Q

What is the overall climate of South Africa’s major wine growing areas

A

Mediterranean

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8
Q

What is South Africa’s major threat to viticulture

A

Water access

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9
Q

What effect does the Benguela Current have on the coastal wine regions of South Africa

A

It provides a cooling effect

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10
Q

Define Méthode Cap Classique

A

Champagne method sparkling wine produced in South Africa, often from the classic varietals of Champagne

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11
Q

What are the aging requirements for Méthode Cap Classique

A

Min. 12 months sur lie aging

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12
Q

What is the synonym for Muscat of Alexandria in South Africa

A

Hanespoot

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13
Q

What is Jerepigo

A

Vin de Liqueur produced in South Africa from Hanespoot (Muscat of Alexandria) fortified prior to fermentation

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14
Q

What is Pinotage

A

A crossing of Pinot Noir and Cinsault created in Stellenbosch to retain Pinot Noir’s elegance while adding Cinsault’s resistance to drought and more reliable yields to thrive in South Africa

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15
Q

What system does South Africa for geographic indication

A

Wine of Origin System

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16
Q

What are the 5 tiers of the Wine of Origin System

A

Geographical Unit
Region
District
Ward
Single Vineyard

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17
Q

If a wine is labeled by varietal, what is the minimum required percentage of the stated varietal in the wine in South Africa

A

85%

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18
Q

What are the labeling laws for blended wines in South Africa

A

If two or more grapes combine to make up at least 85% of the blend, they can be stated on the label in order of most percentage within the blend

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19
Q

What are the 6 Geographical Units of South Africa

A

Western Cape
Northern Cape
Eastern Cape
Limpoo
Free State
KwaZulu-Natel

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20
Q

What Geographical Unit in South Africa is home to most of the countries’ viticulture

A

Western Cape

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21
Q

If a wine is labeled by Ward, what is the minimum required percentage of grapes that must be sourced from the named ward in the wine in South Africa

A

100% must be sourced from named Ward

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22
Q

What are the 3 major districts of the Breede River Valley Region

A

Breedekloof District
Robertson District
Worcester District

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23
Q

What is the climate of the Breede River Valley Region

A

Warm continental with minor coastal influence

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24
Q

Where is the Breede River Valley Region located in, in relation to the Coastal Region

A

Separated from the Coastal Region by mountain ranges, farther east inland

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25
Q

What are the soils of the Breede River Valley Region

A

Sandstone
Schist Soils

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26
Q

What quality level of production is most of the wine produced in the Breede River Valley Region

A

Bulk wines from co-ops

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27
Q

What are the three major grapes of the Breedekloof District

A

Chenin Blanc
Colombard
Sauvignon Blanc

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28
Q

What is the quality Ward found in Breedekloof District

A

Slanghoek

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29
Q

What is the notable quality producer of Breedekloof District

A

Olifantsberg
Known for Rhône varietals

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30
Q

What is the coolest district in the Breede River Valley Region

A

Robertson District

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31
Q

What is the dominant varietal of the Robertson District

A

Chardonnay

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32
Q

What district in South Africa produces nearly 25% of the nations’ Chardonnay

A

Robertson District

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33
Q

What style of wine is popular in Robertson District

A

Sparkling wine

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34
Q

What are the two major red varietals of Robertson District

A

Cabernet Sauvignon
Shiraz

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35
Q

What are the two major white grapes of Worcester District

A

Chenin Blanc
Colombard

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36
Q

What is the synonym for Chenin Blanc in South Africa

A

Steen

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37
Q

What is essential for viticulture in Worcester District

A

Irrigation

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38
Q

What styles of wine are mainly produced in Worcester District

A

Brandy
Fortified and sweet wines

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39
Q

Name 3 major districts of the Cape South Coast Region

A

Walker Bay
Elgin
Overberg
Cape Agulhas

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40
Q

Where is the Cape Agulhas District located

A

In the Cape South Coast Region at the southernmost tip of Africa

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41
Q

What region is the Robertson District located in

A

Breede River Valley Region

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42
Q

What region is the Worcester District located in

A

Breede River Valley Region

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43
Q

What region is the Breedekloof District located in

A

Breede River Valley Region

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44
Q

What region is Elgin District located in

A

Cape South Coast Region

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45
Q

What region is Walker Bay District located in

A

Cape South Coast Region

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46
Q

What region is Overberg District located in

A

Cape South Coast Region

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47
Q

What region is Swellendam District located in

A

Cape South Coast Region

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48
Q

What is the major threat to viticulture in Cape Alguhas District

A

Fierce ocean winds

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49
Q

What is the soil found in the best vineyards of Cape Alguhas District

A

Koffieklip (Coffee Stones)

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50
Q

What is the geography of Elgin District

A

A bowl surrounded by mountains

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51
Q

What is the climate of Elgin District

A

Cool & rainy

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52
Q

What are the two major white varietals of Elgin District

A

Sauvignon Blanc
Chardonnay

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53
Q

What is the climate of Overberg District

A

Cold, windy

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54
Q

What quality producer in Overberg District has their own ward

A

Lismore Estate

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55
Q

What is the ward of Lismore Estate

A

Greyton

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56
Q

What is the major threat to viticulture in Overberg District

57
Q

What are the 3 major varietals of Overberg District

A

Sauvignon Blanc
Chardonnay
Shiraz

58
Q

What is the quality producer of Swellendam District

59
Q

What region do the soils of Swellendam District ressemble

A

Châteauneuf-du-Pape

60
Q

What are the major varietals of Swellendam District

A

Roussanne
Grenache
Mouvedre
Syrah

61
Q

What is the quality ward found in the Swellendam District

A

Malgas (for single producer Sijnn)

62
Q

What town does Walker Bay District surround

63
Q

What is the famous producer of Walker Bay

A

Hamilton Russel

64
Q

What are the two major varietals of Walker Bay

A

Chardonnay
Pinot Noir

65
Q

What are the four famous wards of Walker Bay

A

Bot River
Hemel-en-Aarde Valley
Upper Hemel-en-Aarde Valley
Hemel-en-Aarde Ridge

66
Q

What region is home to most of South Africa’s quality wine

A

Coastal Region

67
Q

What is the major city of the Coastal Region

68
Q

What district is located in the immediate area outside of the city of Cape Town

A

Cape Town District

69
Q

What is the famous ward of Cape Town District

A

Constantia

70
Q

In what year was Constantia planted

71
Q

What is the specialty production of Constantia

A

Sweet Muscat-based wines

72
Q

What is the climate of Constantia

A

Cool maritime

73
Q

What are the soils of Cape Town District

A

Granite
Sandstone

74
Q

What ward is notable in Cape Town District for dry Sauvignon Blanc

A

Durbanville Ward

75
Q

What is the terrain of Cape Town District

A

Rolling hills, gentle

76
Q

What are the two primary grape varietals of the Darling District

A

Sauvignon Blanc
Cinsault

77
Q

What is the origin of the name of Franschoek Valley District

A

Named after the French Huguenots who settled the area

78
Q

What are the soils of Franschoek Valley District

A

Granite
Clay

79
Q

What are the major varietals of Franschoek Valley District

A

Semillon
Sauvignon Blanc
Chardonnay
Cabernet Sauvignon

80
Q

What is the famous single vineyard site within Franschoek Valley District and what varietal is planted

A

La Colline
Sémillon

81
Q

What varietal is planted in the La Colline vineyard

82
Q

Where is the La Colline single vineyard located

A

Franschoek Valley District, South Africa

83
Q

What are the soils of Paarl District

A

Granite
Clay
Sand

84
Q

What is the terrain of Paarl

A

Flat, gnetle with a few mountainous sub-regions

85
Q

What are the three quality wards of Paarl

A

Agter-Paarlward
Simonsberg-Paarl
Voor-Paardeberg

86
Q

What are the major varietals of Paarl

A

Chenin Blanc
Pinotage
Cabernet Sauvignon
Syrah

87
Q

What are the climates of Stellenbosch

A

Maritime to arid depending on proximity to coast

88
Q

Describe the soil, climate and major varietals of Simonsberg-Stellenbosch Ward

A

Known for Bordeaux blends & Pinotage
Warm climate on clay soils

89
Q

Describe the soil, climate, and major varietals of Banghoek Ward

A

Cooler due to elevation between two striking steep slopes
Known for Cabernet Sauvignon & Chardonnay
Granite & sandstone soils

90
Q

Describe the climate and major varietals of Bottelary Ward

A

North-facing slops moderated by cool ocean breezes
Bordeaux blends, Pinotage, Syrah

91
Q

Describe the climate and major varietals of Polkadraai Hills

A

Coastal, cooled by sea breezes
Sauvignon Blanc, Bordeaux varietals, Syrah

92
Q

What are the two non-ward areas of quality in Stellenbosch

A

Golden Triangle
Helderberg Mountain

93
Q

What is the major thread to viticulture in Stellenbosch

A

Leaf Roll Virus

94
Q

What are the two overall dominant varietals of Stellenbosch

A

Cabernet Sauvignon
Sauvignon Blanc

95
Q

What are the overall dominant soil types of Stellenbosch

A

Sandstone
Granite
Clay

96
Q

What is the climate of Swartland District

A

Hot and dry

97
Q

What notable producers revolutionized the Swartland

A

Spice Route
Sadie Family

98
Q

What region is home to Mullineux

99
Q

Where is most quality viticulture in Swartland

A

Inland, outside of coastal influence

100
Q

What are the overall dominant varietals of Swartland

A

Chenin Blanc
Cabernet Sauvignon

101
Q

What is the ward home to much of Swartland’s quality viticulture and the hub for the fine wine industry

A

Malmesbury

102
Q

Where is the Tulbaugh District located

A

East of Swartland, inland in a horseshoe-shaped valley

103
Q

What are the soils of Tulbaugh District

A

Shale
Clay
Quartz

104
Q

What is the major threat to viticulture in Tulbaugh District

A

Wind damage

105
Q

How does Tulbaugh’s climate compare to Swartland

A

Much more precipitation, colder winters

106
Q

What are the major varietals of Tulbaugh District

A

Chenin Blanc
Cabernet Sauvignon
Rhône Varietals

107
Q

What is the climate of Wellington District

108
Q

What is the terrain of Wellington District

A

Rolling gentle hills

109
Q

What is Wellington District known for

A

Bulk wines from Chenin, Syrah, and Pinotage

110
Q

What are the soils of the Wellington District

A

Shale
Granite
Sandstone

111
Q

What does Klein Karoo translate to

A

‘Dry and thirsty land’

112
Q

What is the terrain of Klein Karoo

A

Gentle desert

113
Q

What styles of wine is Klein Karoo known for

A

bulk, dessert and fortified wines

114
Q

What are the dominant varietals of Klein Karoo

A

Colombard
Chenin Blanc

115
Q

What is the main soil type of Klein Karoo

116
Q

What are the two quality sub-regions of Klein Karoo

A

Tradouw
Tradouw Highlands

117
Q

What style of wine is Calitzdorp District known for

A

Cape style tawnys, rubies, and vintage fortified wines

118
Q

What is the soil type of Calitzdorp District

119
Q

What is the soil type of Tradouw District

120
Q

Where is Olifants River Region located

A

Vast area north of Swartland

121
Q

What wine category is Olifants River Region known for

A

Bulk table wine

122
Q

What are the dominant grapes of Olifants River Region

A

Colombard
Chenin Blanc

123
Q

What is the quality ward of Olifants River Region

A

Piekenierskloof

124
Q

What is the soil type of Piekenierskloof Ward

125
Q

What is the single district of the Western Cape

A

Ceres Plateau

126
Q

What unique factor impacts viticulture in the Ceres Plateau

A

Intense solar radiation results in powerful, concentrated wines

127
Q

What is the notable ward in Ceres Plateau District

A

Ceres Ward

128
Q

What are the major varietals of the Ceres Plateau District

A

Chardonnay
Pinot Noir
Syrah

129
Q

What District in the Northern Cape Region is known for quality among bulk wines

A

Sutherland-Karoo

130
Q

What are the major varietals of Southerland-Karoo District

A

Colombard
Chenin Blanc

131
Q

What is the single ward of Eastern Cape Region

A

St. Francis Bay

132
Q

What is the single ward of Free State Region

A

Rietrivier

133
Q

What are the two districts of KwaZulu-Natal Region

A

Central Drakensberg
Lions River

134
Q

What region of South Africa will you find Worcester District

A

Breede River Valley

135
Q

What region of South Africa will you find Robertson District

A

Breede River Valley

136
Q

What region of South Africa will you find Breedekloof District

A

Breede River Valley

137
Q

What region of South Africa will you find Overberg

A

Cape South Coast

138
Q

What region of South Africa will you find Walker Bay

A

Cape South Coast

Advanced Sommelier Exam (56 decks)

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