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Advanced Sommelier Exam > AVAs of the United States > Flashcards

AVAs of the United States Flashcards

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Introductory Sommelier Exam (CMS) flashcards
1
Q

What two grapes make up over 70% of production in Oregon

A

Pinot Noir
Pinot Gris

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2
Q

What region in Oregon is home to over 70% of production

A

Willamette Valley

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3
Q

What is the umbrella AVA of the Willamette Valley

A

Willamette Valley AVA

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4
Q

What is the major town in the Willamette Valley AVA

A

McMinnville

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5
Q

In what decade was the Willamette Valley planted

A

1860s

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6
Q

Who is credited with bringing Pinot Noir to the Willamette Valley

A

David Lett

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7
Q

Who is famous for modernizing wine production in the Willamette Valley

A

Charles Coury

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8
Q

What famous region is aligned in latitude with the Willamette Valley

A

Burgundy

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9
Q

What wine made by David Lett earned top 3 in 1975 in competitions in Paris and Beaune, putting the Willamette Valley on the international map

A

Eyrie ‘South Block’ Pinot Noir 1975

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10
Q

What predator poses a danger to vines in the Willamette Valley

A

Birds - the area is located in a migratory pathway

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11
Q

What are the four major soil types of the Willamette Valley

A
  1. Uplifted marine sediment
  2. Volcanic
  3. Loess
  4. Missoula Flood Deposits
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12
Q

Which of the four major soil types in the Willamette Valley is not ideal for viticulture

A

Missoula Flood Deposits

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13
Q

Is capitalization legal in Oregon

A

Yes

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14
Q

What is the terrain of the Dundee Hills AVA

A

Rolling hills

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15
Q

What are the major grape varietals of Dundee Hills AVA

A

Pinot Noir
Chardonnay
Pinot Gris

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16
Q

What is the most densely planted sub-AVA of the Willamette Valley

A

Dundee Hills AVA

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17
Q

What sub AVA of the Willamette Valley is located just north of McMinnville

A

Yamhill-Carlton District AVA

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18
Q

What is the main soil type of the Yamhill-Carlton District AVA

A

Uplifted Marine Sediment

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19
Q

What is the famous single vineyard site of Yamhill-Carlton District AVA

A

Shea Vineyard

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20
Q

What is the major soil type of Dundee Hills AVA

A

Volcanic

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21
Q

What larger AVA is located just southwest of Portland

A

Chehalem Mountains AVA

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22
Q

What are the two major sub-AVAs of Chehalem Mountains AVA

A

Ribbon Ridge AVA
Laurelwood District AVA

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23
Q

What is the smallest AVA in the Willamette Valley AVA

A

Ribbon Ridge AVA

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24
Q

What are the main soil types of the Chehalem Mountains AVA

A

Laurelwood
Volcanic
Marine Deposit

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25
Q

What is the westernmost of the AVAs of the Willamette Valley

A

McMinnville AVA

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26
Q

What corridor brings cool pacific winds into the McMinnville AVA

A

Van Duzer Corridor

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27
Q

What mountain range provides a rain shadow for McMinnville AVA

A

The Coastal Range

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28
Q

What are the major grapes of McMinnville AVA

A

Pinot Noir
Chardonnay
Pinot Blanc

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29
Q

What is the style of Pinot Noir in McMinnville AVA

A

Darker, denser with higher tannins

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30
Q

What two towns is the Eola-Amity Hills AVA located between

A

Amity
Salem

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31
Q

What is the soil type of Eola-Amity Hills AVA

A

Nekia Basalt

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32
Q

Where are most vineyards in Eola-Amity Hills AVA located

A

Eastern slopes, sheltered from harsh winds

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33
Q

What are the two nestled AVAs of the Van Duzer Corridor AVA

A

Laurelwood District AVA (shared)
Tualatin Hills AVA

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34
Q

What affect does the wind of Van Duzer Corridor AVA have on the grapes

A

Helps them retain high acidity

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35
Q

What is the soil type of Van Duzer Corridor AVA

A

Marine sediment

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36
Q

What is the southernmost AVA in the Willamette Valley

A

Lower Long Tom AVA

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37
Q

What is the newest AVA of the Willamette Valley

A

Mount Pisgah Polk County AVA

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38
Q

What clone of Chardonnay is widely planted in the Willamette Valley

A

Dijon Clone

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39
Q

What AVA in southern Oregon surrounds the city of Roseburg

A

Umqua Valley AVA

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40
Q

What are the two sub-AVAs of Umqua Valley AVA

A

Elkton Oregon AVA
Red Hill Douglas County Oregon AVA

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41
Q

What is Oregon’s oldest winery
What AVA is it located in

A

Hillcrest Vineyards
Umqua Valley AVA

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42
Q

What varietal does Oregon producer Abarcela focus on

A

Tempranillo

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43
Q

What region in Europe is the vineyard owned by Abarcela in Oregon similar to

A

Ribera del Duero

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44
Q

What major AVA is located East of the Cascade Mountains in Oregon

A

Rogue Valley AVA

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45
Q

What is the major sub-region of Rogue Valley AVA

A

Applegate Valley AVA

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46
Q

What does the Cascade Mountains provide for the Rogue Valley AVA

A

A rain shadow

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47
Q

What is the famous single vineyard site of Applegate Valley AVA

A

Del Rio

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48
Q

Who pioneered viticulture in Idaho

A

Louis Delsol

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49
Q

What AVA is shared between Oregon and Idaho

A

Snake River Valley AVA

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50
Q

What are the major grape varietals of Snake River Valley AVA

A

Syrah
Cabernet Sauvignon
Riesling
Merlot

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51
Q

What are the major grape varietals of Rogue Valley AVA

A

Pinot Noir
Cabernet Sauvignon
Pinot Gris
Syrah

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52
Q

What AVA is located entirely in the state of Idaho

A

Eagle Foothills AVA

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53
Q

What sub-region of the shared Walla Walla Valley is located entirely in Oregon

A

The Rocks of Milton-Freewater AVA

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54
Q

What famous soil in Europe does The Rocks of Milton-Freewater AVA resemble

A

Galets of Châteauneuf-du-Pape

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55
Q

What AVA is home to 99% of Washington’s vineyards

A

Columbia Valley AVA (shared with Oregon)

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56
Q

What is the climate of Yakima Valley AVA

A

Desert-like

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57
Q

What is the major sub-AVA of Yakima Valley AVA

A

Red Mountain AVA

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58
Q

What are the major grape varietals of Red Mountain AVA

A

Cabernet Sauvignon
Merlot
Cabernet Franc

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59
Q

What notable vineyard is Snipes Mountain AVA home to

A

Washington’s oldest Vitis Vinifera plantings of Muscat of Alexandria from 1917

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60
Q

What do the Cascade Mountains provide for Columbia Valley AVA

A

A Rain Shadow

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61
Q

What is the smallest AVA in Washington

A

Candy Mountain AVA

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62
Q

What is the main grape varietal of Rattlesnake Hills AVA

A

Riesling

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63
Q

What is the famous sub-region of the Walla Walla Valley AVA

A

The Rocks of Milton-Freewater AVA

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64
Q

What two states share the Walla Walla Valley AVA

A

Washington
Oregon

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65
Q

What are the main grape varietals of the Walla Walla Valley AVA

A

Cabernet Sauvignon
Merlot
Syrah

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66
Q

What gap funnels cool air inland into Horse Heaven Hills AVA

A

Columbia Gorge

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67
Q

What factor moderates the climate of Horse Heaven Hills AVA

A

Columbia River

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68
Q

What is the dominant grape varietal of Horse Hills Heaven AVA

A

Cabernet Sauvignon

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69
Q

What are the major grape varietals of Wahluke Slope AVA

A

Cabernet Sauvignon
Merlot
Syrah

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70
Q

What is the climate and major moderating factor of Ancient Lakes of Columbia Valley AVA

A

Arid
Moderated by 35 glacial lakes

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71
Q

What is the major grape varietal of Ancient Lakes of Columbia Valley AVA

A

Riesling

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72
Q

What are the two major varietals of Lake Chelan AVA

A

Riesling
Pinot Noir

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73
Q

What is the single winery found in White Bluffs AVA

A

Sagemoor Vineyards

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74
Q

What border AVA is one of the warmest in Washington State

A

The Burn of Columbia Valley AVA

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75
Q

What are the two major AVAs located west of the Cascade Mountains in Washington State

A

Columbia Gorge AVA
Puget Sound AVA

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76
Q

What is California’s most famous AVA

A

Napa Valley AVA

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77
Q

What two mountain ranges cradle the Napa Valley AVA

A

Mayacamas Mountains
Vaca Mountains

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78
Q

What Bay is located at the southern end of Napa Valley

A

San Pablo Bay

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79
Q

How many nested AVAs are found in the Napa Valley AVA

A

16

80
Q

What two counties share Carneros AVA

A

Napa
Sonoma

81
Q

What factors moderate the climate of Carneros

A

Bay breezes and fog from the San Pablo Bay

82
Q

What is the minimum elevation required for vineyards to be labeled Howell Mountain AVA

A

Must be over 1,400 ft in elevation

83
Q

What is the soil type of Howell Mountain AVA

A

Thin rocky volcanic soils

84
Q

How does the climate of Howell Mountain AVA compare to the valley floor

A

Cooler, smaller diurnal shifts

85
Q

What is the main grape varietal of Howell Mountain AVA

A

Cabernet Sauvignon

86
Q

What counties share the Wild Horse Valley AVA

A

Napa
Solano

87
Q

What are the two main grape varietals of Wild Horse Valley AVA

A

Chardonnay
Pinot Noir

88
Q

What are the two main grape varietals of Carneros AVA

A

Pinot Noir
Chardonnay

89
Q

What grape is showing a promising future in Carneros in addition to Burgundian varietals

A

Merlot

90
Q

What styles of wine are popular in Carneros AVA

A

Still
Sparkling

91
Q

Describe the terrain and its’ moderating effects of the Stag’s Leap District AVA

A

Smooth knolls provide light slopes with both wind tunnels and east facing hills

92
Q

What are the soil types of Stag’s Leap District AVA

A

Sandstone
Volcanic
Clay

93
Q

Who planted the first Cabernet Sauvignon in the Stag’s Leap District

A

Nate Fay

94
Q

What is notable about the 1973 Stag’s Leap Cabernet Sauvignon

A

It won the Judgement of Paris blind tasting against the best producers of Bordeaux and Napa

95
Q

What is the coolest of Napa’s mountain AVAs

A

Mount Veeder AVA

96
Q

What are the soils of Mount Veeder AVA

A

Rocky (shale, sandstone etc.)

97
Q

What is the major grape varietal of Mount Veeder AVA

A

Cabernet Sauvignon

98
Q

What is the legendary producer who calls Atlas Peak home

A

Kongsgaard

99
Q

What are the four major mountain AVAs of Napa Valley AVA

A

Mount Veeder AVA
Howell Mountain AVA
Spring Mountain AVA
Diamond Mountain AVA

100
Q

Name some of the classic producers of the Rutherford AVA

A

Quintessa
Inglenook
BV

101
Q

What is the terrain of Rutherford AVA

A

Mainly flat with some hills

102
Q

What are the main grape varietals of Rutherford AVA

A

Cabernet Sauvignon
Sauvignon Blanc
Chardonnay

103
Q

What is the famous single vineyard for Chardonnay in Rutherford

A

Star Vineyard

104
Q

What is the legendary single vineyard of Oakville

A

To-Kalon

105
Q

Name some of the cult producers of Oakville AVA

A

Screaming Eagle
Harlan Estate
Dalla Valle
Opus One

106
Q

What are the soils of To-Kalon Vineyard

A

Gravel-rich alluvial

107
Q

What winery dominates the vineyard land of Spring Mountain AVA

A

Spring Mountain Winery

108
Q

What are the grapes of Spring Mountain AVA

A

Cabernet Sauvignon
Chardonnay
Syrah
Riesling
Zinfandel

109
Q

What are the grapes of Yountville AVA

A

Cabernet Sauvignon
Merlot
Sauvignon Blanc
Semillon

110
Q

Where is the Chiles Valley AVA located

A

East of Napa Valley proper

111
Q

What is most of the fruit produced in Chiles Valley AVA used for

A

Big brand Napa Valley AVA blends

112
Q

What is the style of Cab from St. Helena

A

Intense and powerful

113
Q

What is the smallest of Napa’s mountain AVAs

A

Diamond Mountain AVA

114
Q

What is the soil type of Diamond Mountain AVA

A

Rocky volcanic soils

115
Q

What moderates the climate of Diamond Mountain District AVA

A

Pacific fog

116
Q

What are the three bottlings of Diamond Creek designated by soil type

A

Red Rock Terrace
Volcanic Hill
Gravelly Meadow

117
Q

What AVA sits just North of Napa City

A

Oak Knoll AVA

118
Q

What two grapes dominate plantings in Oak Knoll AVA

A

Merlot
Chardonnay

119
Q

What is Napa’s northernmost valley floor AVA

A

Calistoga

120
Q

What is the famous single vineyard of Calistoga

A

Eisele Vineyard

121
Q

What is the main soil type of Calistoga AVA

A

Volcanic

122
Q

What moderates the climate of Coombsville AVA

A

San Pablo Bay

123
Q

What bottling of Kongsgaard is sourced from Coombsville AVA

A

‘The Judge’

124
Q

What are the main grape varietals of Coombsville AVA

A

Chardonnay
Cabernet Sauvignon

125
Q

Where is the Coombsville AVA located

A

Just east of the city of Napa in the Vaca foothills

126
Q

Where is Pritchard Hill located in Napa

A

In the Vaca mountains between Atlas Peak and Howell Mountain

127
Q

What is the famous producer of Pritchard Hill

A

Chappellet

128
Q

What is the most planted varietal in Sonoma County

A

Chardonnay

129
Q

What mountain range forms the eastern border of Sonoma County

A

The Mayacamas Mountains

130
Q

What varietals are planted in the Alexander Valley AVA

A

Bordeaux varietals

131
Q

What is the soil type of Alexander Valley AVA

A

Alluvial gravel

132
Q

What are the three warmest AVAs of Sonoma County

A

Knight’s Valley AVA
Alexander Valley AVA
Dry Creek Valley AVA

133
Q

What are the two major grapes of Dry Creek Valley AVA

A

Zinfandel
Cabernet Sauvignon

134
Q

What is the coolest AVA in Sonoma

A

Sonoma Coast AVA

135
Q

What is the major nested AVA found within Sonoma Coast AVA

A

Fort Ross-Seaview AVA

136
Q

What are the two major grapes of Sonoma Coast AVA

A

Pinot Noir
Chardonnay

137
Q

What is the climate of Sonoma Coast AVA

A

Maritime near coast, continental moving inland

138
Q

What is the main grape varietal of Bennet Valley AVA

A

Merlot

139
Q

What wind-funnel in the coastal range helps cool the inland of Sonoma County

A

Petaluma Gap

140
Q

What are the three main grapes of the Petaluma Gap AVA

A

Pinot Noir
Chardonnay
Syrah

141
Q

The best vineyards in Mendocino County are found at the confluence of which two rivers

A

Russian River
Navarro River

142
Q

What style of wine is popular in Anderson Valley AVA

A

Sparkling Wines

143
Q

What two still grapes are popular in Anderson Valley AVA

A

Riesling
Gewürztraminer

144
Q

What is the smallest AVA in California

A

Cole Ranch AVA

145
Q

What is the minimum elevation required for the Mendocino Ridge AVA

A

1,200 ft above sea level

146
Q

What is the main grape varietal of Mendocino Ridge AVA

A

Zinfandel

147
Q

What is the climate of Anderson Valley AVA

A

Cool continental

148
Q

What moderates the climate of vinyards in Lake County

A

Clear Lake

149
Q

What is the major AVA of Lake County

A

Clear Lake AVA

150
Q

What geographical factors provide a suitable climate for viticulture in Lake County

A

High elevation
Cold winters

151
Q

What is the climate of Santa Cruz Mountains AVA

A

Cool coastal

152
Q

What is the terrain of Santa Cruz Mountains AVA

A

Mountainous high altitude vineyards dispersed among redwood forests

153
Q

What is the famous single vineyard of Santa Cruz Mountains AVA

A

Monte Bello

154
Q

What is the climate of Livermore AVA

A

Warm continental

155
Q

What is the primary grape varietal of Livermore AVA

A

Sauvignon Blanc

156
Q

What are the two main varietals of Monterey AVA

A

Pinot Noir
Chardonnay

157
Q

What factor moderates the climate of vineyards of Monterey AVA

A

A west-east gap in the coastal range pulls cool air inland

158
Q

What is the grape varietal of Santa Lucia Highlands AVA

A

Pinot Noir

159
Q

What is the famous single vineyard site of Santa Lucia Highlands AVA

A

Gary’s Vineyard

160
Q

What is the grape varietal of Mount Harlan AVA

A

Pinot Noir

161
Q

What is the mountain range that Mount Harlan AVA is found in

A

Gabilan Mountains

162
Q

What new AVA encompasses both Mount Harlan AVA and Chalon AVA

A

Gabilan Mountains AVA

163
Q

What is the major grape varietal of Gabilan Mountains AVA

A

Pinot Noir

164
Q

What is the climate of Paso Robles AVA

A

Continental, warm the farther east you go

165
Q

How many sub-AVAs are found in Paso Robles AVA

A

11

166
Q

What gap funnels cool air into western Paso Robles

A

The Templeton Gap

167
Q

What are the important grapes of Paso Robles

A

Cabernet
Zinfandel
Grenache
Syrah
Mourvedre
Roussane
Viognier

168
Q

What AVA sits just south of San Luis Obispo

A

Edna Valley AVA

169
Q

What is the climate of Edna Valley AVA

A

Cool continental with some coastal influence

170
Q

What are the major grape varietals of Edna Valley AVA

A

Pinot Noir
Chardonnay

171
Q

What is the famous single vineyard site of Santa Maria Valley AVA

A

Bien Nacido

172
Q

What two varietals are planted in Bien Nacido Vineyard

A

Pinot Noir
Chardonnay

173
Q

What orientation are the mountains of the Santa Maria Valley AVA

A

West-East running valley

174
Q

What are the four quality sub-AVAs of the Santa Ynez Valley AVa

A

Sta. Rita Hills
Ballard Canyon
Los Olivos
Happy Canyon

175
Q

What movie contributed to the explosion of public interest in the Santa Ynez Valley AVA

A

Sideways

176
Q

What are the principle plantings in the Santa Ynez Valley AVA

A

Pinot Noir
Chardonnay
Rhône grapes
Merlot
Sauvignon Blanc

177
Q

What massive region is home to most of California’s bulk production

A

The Central Valley

178
Q

What is the important quality AVA of the central valley

A

Lodi AVA

179
Q

What is the main grape varietal of Lodi AVA

A

Zinfandel

180
Q

Where are the vineyards of the Sierra Foothills region located

A

The western foothills of the Sierra Nevada Mountains

181
Q

What is the hottest AVA in the Sierra Foothills AVA

A

Shenandoah AVA

182
Q

What is the classic wine of the Sierra Foothills

A

Chewy, spicy Zinfandel from very old vines

183
Q

What is the most planted varietal in New York State

A

Concord

184
Q

Who developed New York States find wine industry with a focus on Vitis Vinifera

A

Dr. Konstantin Frank

185
Q

What region is home to over 90% of New York State’s wine production

A

Finger Lakes AVA

186
Q

What moderates the climate of the Finger Lakes AVA

A

11 narrow ‘finger lakes’
Lake Ontario

187
Q

What are the two sub-AVAs of Finger Lakes AVA

A

Seneca Lake AVA
Cayuga AVA

188
Q

What is the main grape varietal of the Finger Lakes AVA

A

Riesling

189
Q

What moderates the temperature of vineyards in Long Island AVA

A

The Atlantic Ocean

190
Q

What are the two sub-AVAs of Long Island AVA

A

North Fork of Long Island AVA
The Hamptons AVA

191
Q

What varietals are planted in Hudson River Region AVA

A

Hybrids

192
Q

What are the main grapes of the Finger Lakes AVA

A

Riesling
Gewurztraminer
Chardonnay
Pinot Noir
Cabernet Franc

193
Q

What style of wine is Niagara Escarpment AVA

A

Vidal-based Ice Wines

194
Q

What is the largest AVA for vineyard area outside of California

A

Lake Erie AVA

195
Q

What is produced in the Lake Erie AVA

A

Grape juice and jelly

196
Q

Name 3 major single vineyard sites of the Willamette Valley AVA

A

Temperance Hill
Shea
Seven Springs

Advanced Sommelier Exam (56 decks)

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