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SS - Exam 1 > Somato - CN 1 > Flashcards

Somato - CN 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Cranial nerve nuclei

A

Located in mesencephalon, metencephalon & myelencephalon
Sites of synapse for first order sensory neurons
Location of cell bodies for LMN

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2
Q

Cranial nerve ganglia

A

Sensory ganglia
Autonomic ganglia

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3
Q

Sensory ganglia

A

Sites of neuron cell bodies for first order sensory neurons (GSA & SSA)

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4
Q

Autonomic ganglia

A

Sites for synapse for parasympathetic motor pathways

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5
Q

Somatic efferent pathway

A

Coricobulbar tract
2 neurons
UMN in primary motor cortex
LMN in cranial nerve motor nucleus

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6
Q

UMN somatic efferent pathway

A

Synapses in cranial nerve motor nucleus
Abt half of axons cross to the contralateral side

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7
Q

LMN somatic efferent pathway

A

Synapses with skeletal muscle at neuromuscular junction

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8
Q

Nerves involved in eye movement

A

III IV and VI
Oculomotor
Trochlear
Abducent

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9
Q

Cranial nerve pathways - visceral efferent

A

Part of parasympathetic NS
Cranial nerves III, VII, IX, X
Each has its own parasympathetic nucleus in brainstem
Each has a ganglion near target organ

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10
Q

Effects of III in visceral efferent pathways

A

Pupil constricts & cilliary muscle relaxes

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11
Q

CN VII in visceral efferent pathways

A

Nasal, lacrimal, salivary glands secretion

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12
Q

CN IX in visceral efferent pathways

A

Mouth waters, salivary gland secretes

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13
Q

CN X in visceral efferent pathways

A

Heart slows down
Decreased blood flow to skeletal muscle
Increased blood flow to GI tract
Increased peristalsis to proximal colon

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14
Q

Are there any sympathetic nerve fibers in cranial nerves?

A

No
Sympathetic nerves all arise form thoracic spinal cord
Sympathetic nerves do innervate structures in head but presynaptic neurons are in intermediolateral horn of thoracic spinal cord

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15
Q

Effects of SNS

A

Pupil dilation
Cilliary body relaxation
Inhibition of gland secretion

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16
Q

Cranial nerve pathways - general somatic afferent

A

CN V, VII, IX, X
Sensory information from the face, skeletal muscles, oral cavity, cornea, teeth
Each nerve has its own sensory ganglion

17
Q

First & second & third order neurons in somatic afferent paths

A

1st - sensory neurons synapse in trigeminal nuclei
2nd - cross and ascend to the thalamus (trigeminalthamalic)
3rd - ascend to primary sensory cortex

18
Q

CN Responsible for sensation in lips

A

Trigeminal nerve

19
Q

General visceral afferent

A

V - meninges
IX - rostral pharynx, middle ear, carotid body, meninges
X - caudal pharynx, larynx, meninges

20
Q

Pathway for GVA

A

Similar to GSA
Cell body in ganglion
Synapse in spinal trigeminal nucleus
2nd order neurons project to thalamus (trigeminothalamic)
3rd order neurons project to somatosensory cortex

21
Q

Special sense

A

Special somatic afferent
Special visceral afferent

22
Q

Special somatic afferent

A

Vision
Hearing and balance

23
Q

Special visceral afferent

A

Taste
Olfaction

24
Q

Nerve responsible for brain freeze

A

Glossopharyngeal

25
Q

Taste receptors

A

Special visceral afferent (located just in head)
VII, IX, X
Sweet, salty, bitter, sour, savory

26
Q

Taste receptors

A

Secondary sensory receptors
3 types of specialized receptors
Grouped together, distributed in papillae on tongue

27
Q

Type 1 taste receptors

A

Salty - Na channels

28
Q

Type 2 taste receptors

A

Sweet, bitter, umami (g protein receptor activates Na channel)

29
Q

Type 3 taste receptor

A

Sour, H+ channel (depolarizes the cell)

30
Q

Taste pathways

A

CN VII, IX, X
Cell bodies in sensory ganglia
Synapse in nucleus of solitary tract
2nd order neurons project to the thalamus
3rd order neurons project to the gustatory cortex
pathway DOES NOT cross midline

31
Q

2nd order taste pathway

A

Project into thalamus

32
Q

3rd order taste pathway

A

Project into the gustatory cortex

33
Q

Gustatory cortex

A

Located on the lateral frontal lobe
Different tastes localized to specific areas
Representation can change based on experience

34
Q

Comparative gustatory neurophys

A

dogs are not sensitive to salty taste
Cats are taste blind to sweet
Dogs have receptors that detect meat & fat
Dogs & cats can taste water
Cats have receptors for ATP in meat

35
Q

of tastebuds in dogs and cats

A

Dogs - 1700
Cats - 470

36
Q

Cranial nerve I

A

Olfactory
Arises from telencephalon
Smell

37
Q

Criteria for orderants

A

Volatile - high vapor pressure
Capable of binding a receptor in nose
Water & high lipid soluble

SS - Exam 1 (33 decks)

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