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SS - Exam 1 > Anatomy - Cranial Nerves 1 > Flashcards

Anatomy - Cranial Nerves 1 Flashcards

1
Q

CN that carry autonomic nerve fibers

A

3, 7, 9, 10

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2
Q

Sensory CN

A

1, 2, 8

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3
Q

CN with Parasympathetic fibers

A

3, 7, 9 - to head
10 to cervical, thoracic & abdominal viscera

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4
Q

CN with sympathetic fibers

A

9, 10, 11, 12

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5
Q

CNS cranial nerves

A

1 and 2

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6
Q

PNS cranial nerves

A

All ganglia
3-12
Spinal nerves & branches

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7
Q

Nerve with no nucleus in brainstem

A

Olfactory nerve
Enters through cerebrum not brainstem
Numerous unmyelinated axons

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8
Q

Frequency of neural replacement in CN 3

A

Bipolar olfactory neurons are replaced monthly

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9
Q

Origin of olfactory CN

A

Cell bodies (receptors) located within olfactory mucosa in ethmoidal conchae & vomeronasal organ

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10
Q

Course of cell bodies in olfactory CN

A

Fibers leave nasal fungus via Cribriform plate of ethmoid then fibers collect together to form the olfactory bulb

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11
Q

Optic nerve

A

Sensory nerve
Originals from ganglion cells in retina
Axons coverage to optic papilla to form optic nerve
Nerve exits retina via optic disc & enter skull at optic canal

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12
Q

Occulomotor nerve travel pathway

A

Motor nucleus and paras nucleus in midbrain leave between cerebral peduncles
Travels in cavernous sinus w throclear, ophthalmic and abducent nerves (4,5,6)

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13
Q

Exiting cranial cavity as the Occulomotor nerve

A

Leaves cranial canal via orbital fissure (obitorotundum in ruminants)
Enters pterygopalantine fossa

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14
Q

Somatic motor for CN 3

A

Carries general somatic efferent fibers (GSE) to several extra ocular muscles

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15
Q

Visceral motor in CN 3

A

Carries general visceral efferent (GVE) (parasympathetic) fibers to pupillary sphincter

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16
Q

Trochlear nerve

A

Smallest cranial nerve
Exits brainstem dorsally
Only cranial nerve to cross the midline entirely (decussates) and innervate the contralateral side

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17
Q

Branches of trigeminal

A

Ophthalmic - sensory (eye)
Maxillary - sensory (v2)
Mandibular - mixed (v3)
Each branch pass through a separate opening or foramen

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18
Q

Origin of trigeminal n

A

Motor nucleus - pons
Sensory larger root - from trigeminal ganglion

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19
Q

cell bodies in trigeminal

A

Sensory ganglia contain gin cell bodied of Pseudounipolar sensory neurons - similar to dorsal root ganglion of spinal cord. Gives v1, v2 and sensory part of v3 (mandibular)

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20
Q

V1 - ophthalmic

A

Pure sensory to eye & adnexa (surrounding structures)
Enters cranial vault via orbital fissure

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21
Q

Branches of ophthalmic branch of trigeminal n

A

Lacrimal nerve
Nasociliary nerve
Infra trochlear nerve

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22
Q

Lacrimal nerve

A

Carries parasympathetic Innervation to lacrimal gland
Skin and conjunctiva of lateral angel of eye

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23
Q

Nasociliary nerve

A

Supplies parts of eye and nasal cavity

24
Q

Infra trochlear nerve

A

Medial sides of both eyelids
Marty of the horn in small ruminants

25
Supraorbital nerve*
Branch from frontal, from ophthalmic from trigeminal Present in all species and provides upper eyelid and skin near lateral angel Accessible through Supraorbital foramen for nerve block
26
Maxillary branch of trigeminal
V2 - sensory Originates in trigeminal ganglion Runs on cavernous sinus (w ophthalmic & III) Passes through round foramen
27
Innervation of maxillary nerve
Sensory to nose, rostral face, upper dental arcade, hard & soft palate, lateral orbit, lateral canthus
28
Pathway of maxillary nerve
Runs through alar canal (species specific) Enters maxillary foramen at cranial aspect of Ptyergopalatine fossa via infraorbital canal Emerges superficially at infraorbital foramen
29
Branches of maxillary nerves
Zygomatic nerve - passes through orbit caudal to rostral & exits orbit near orbital ligament = 2 more nerves
30
Branches from zygomatic n
Zygomaticotemporal nerve - most dorsal, supplies lower lateral eyelid & skin of forehead Zygomaticofacial - more ventral, skin over zygomatic arch & lower eyelid
31
Ventral branches of maxillary nerve
Pterygopalantine nerves Becomes the Infraorbital nerve as in enters the infraorbital canal
32
mandibular nerve from trigeminal nerve
Mixed nerve Passes through oval foramen (foramen lacerum in horse)
33
Supply of mandibular nerve
Muscles of mastication
34
Sensory branches of mandibular nerve
Auriculotemporal - Buccal - Lingual - Inferior alveolar - Mental -
35
Auriculotemporal supply
36
Buccal supply
Inside of cheek
37
Lingual supply
General and special sense to tongue Rostral 2/3 of tongue
38
Inferior alveolar supply
All lower teeth
39
Mental supply
Supply skin of chin - won’t effect teeth
40
Branches of Auriculotemporal nerve
Transverse facial nerve Communicating branch with dorsal Buccal of VII Gives sensation of same field as dorsal Buccal VII provides motor innervation
41
Abducent cranial nerve
Exits orbital fissure WITH CN III, IV and ophthalmic (orbitorotubdum in rum)
42
Abducent supply
Supplies a small number of extra ocular muscles (One in humans) two in animals - retractor palpi
43
Facial nerve
Passes through stylomastoid foramen
44
Supply of facial nerve **
Mixed nerve VII & VIII both cross the external acoustic meatus Passes through middle ear - ear infections can impact facial nerve
45
Function of facial nerve
Muscles of facial expressions Taste, rostral 2/3 of tongue Secretions (salvia, lacrimal, nasal) +lingual nerve
46
Origin of facial nerve
Medullar oblongata Very shallow nerves that cover the lateral side of face
47
Vestibularcochlear nerve
More important for balance than hearing Origin - lateral aspect of medulla oblongata - vestibular nuclei in medulla - cochlear nuclei in medulla
48
Important factor of vestibulocochlear nerve
Never leaves the skull
49
Glossopharyngeal nerve
Origin - lateral aspect of medulla oblongata Passes through jugular foramen Mixed, parasympathetic motor to pharynx Sensory to pharynx & carotid sinus (baro/chemoreceptors)
50
Special sensory of glossopharyngeal
Special sensory for taste (caudal 1/3 of tongue) Parasympathetic to zygomatic & parotid salivary glands
51
Vagus nerve
Longest CN Origin - lateral aspect of medulla oblongata Passes through jugular foramen
52
Supply for vagus nerve
Parasympathetic innervation to viscera of pharynx, neck, thorax, abdomen Motor & general sensory to soft palate, pharynx, larynx, trachea, esophagus, thoracic viscera, abdominal viscera
53
Branches of vagus nerve
Cranial laryngeal n - Caudal laryngeal n -
54
Accessory nerve
Only cranial nerve that doesn’t innervate head structures Spinal root passes through foramen magnum
55
Hypoglossal nerve
Exits hypoglossal canal Motor to ALL tongue muscles Runs lateral to external carotid w lingofacial trunk (horses & rum) or lingual a. In dogs

SS - Exam 1 (33 decks)

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