Sociology Education 1

Question 1

patriarchal

Answer 1

relating to 𝘢 𝘴𝘺𝘴𝘵𝘦𝘮 𝘰𝘧 𝘴𝘰𝘤𝘪𝘦𝘵𝘺 𝘰𝘳 𝘨𝘰𝘷𝘦𝘳𝘯𝘮𝘦𝘯𝘵 𝘤𝘰𝘯𝘵𝘳𝘰𝘭𝘭𝘦𝘥 𝘣𝘺 𝘮𝘦𝘯.

Question 2

secularization

Answer 2

the declining importance of religion in a society

Question 3

stratification

Answer 3

𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘢𝘳𝘳𝘢𝘯𝘨𝘦𝘮𝘦𝘯𝘵 𝘰𝘳 𝘤𝘭𝘢𝘴𝘴𝘪𝘧𝘪𝘤𝘢𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯 𝘰𝘧 𝘴𝘰𝘮𝘦𝘵𝘩𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘪𝘯𝘵𝘰 𝘥𝘪𝘧𝘧𝘦𝘳𝘦𝘯𝘵 𝘨𝘳𝘰𝘶𝘱𝘴.

Question 4

vocational education

Answer 4

𝘱𝘳𝘦𝘱𝘢𝘳𝘦𝘴 𝘭𝘦𝘢𝘳𝘯𝘦𝘳𝘴 𝘧𝘰𝘳 𝘫𝘰𝘣𝘴 𝘵𝘩𝘢𝘵 𝘢𝘳𝘦 𝘣𝘢𝘴𝘦𝘥 𝘪𝘯 𝘮𝘢𝘯𝘶𝘢𝘭 𝘰𝘳 𝘱𝘳𝘢𝘤𝘵𝘪𝘤𝘢𝘭 𝘢𝘤𝘵𝘪𝘷𝘪𝘵𝘪𝘦𝘴

Question 5

Informal Education

Answer 5

Learning that occurs outside of a classroom setting

Question 6

Formal Education

Answer 6

𝘓𝘦𝘢𝘳𝘯𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘧𝘳𝘰𝘮 𝘢𝘯 𝘱𝘶𝘣𝘭𝘪𝘤𝘭𝘺 𝘳𝘦𝘤𝘰𝘨𝘯𝘪𝘴𝘦𝘥 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘢𝘤𝘤𝘦𝘱𝘵𝘦𝘥 𝘪𝘯𝘴𝘵𝘪𝘵𝘶𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯

Question 7

Meritocracy

Answer 7

𝘗𝘰𝘸𝘦𝘳, 𝘳𝘢𝘯𝘬, 𝘪𝘯𝘧𝘭𝘶𝘦𝘯𝘤𝘦 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘳𝘦𝘸𝘢𝘳𝘥𝘴 𝘨𝘢𝘪𝘯𝘦𝘥 𝘷𝘪𝘢 𝘪𝘯𝘥𝘪𝘷𝘪𝘥𝘶𝘢𝘭𝘴 𝘢𝘤𝘤𝘰𝘳𝘥𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘵𝘰 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘪𝘳 𝘪𝘯𝘥𝘪𝘷𝘪𝘥𝘶𝘢𝘭 𝘮𝘦𝘳𝘪𝘵.

Question 8

bourgeoisie (buorzh-waa-zee)

Answer 8

(in Marxist contexts) 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘤𝘢𝘱𝘪𝘵𝘢𝘭𝘪𝘴𝘵 𝘤𝘭𝘢𝘴𝘴 𝘸𝘩𝘰 𝘰𝘸𝘯 𝘮𝘰𝘴𝘵 𝘰𝘧 𝘴𝘰𝘤𝘪𝘦𝘵𝘺’𝘴 𝘸𝘦𝘢𝘭𝘵𝘩 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘮𝘦𝘢𝘯𝘴 𝘰𝘧 𝘱𝘳𝘰𝘥𝘶𝘤𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯.

Question 9

Marketisation

Answer 9

the aim of 𝘮𝘢𝘬𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘴𝘤𝘩𝘰𝘰𝘭𝘴 𝘤𝘰𝘮𝘱𝘦𝘵𝘦 𝘸𝘪𝘵𝘩 𝘰𝘯𝘦 𝘢𝘯𝘰𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘳 𝘧𝘰𝘳 𝘨𝘰𝘷𝘦𝘳𝘯𝘮𝘦𝘯𝘵 𝘧𝘶𝘯𝘥𝘪𝘯𝘨

Question 10

Functionalism

Answer 10

𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘪𝘥𝘦𝘢 𝘵𝘩𝘢𝘵 𝘴𝘰𝘤𝘪𝘦𝘵𝘺 𝘳𝘦𝘲𝘶𝘪𝘳𝘦𝘴 𝘴𝘩𝘢𝘳𝘦𝘥 𝘯𝘰𝘳𝘮𝘴 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘷𝘢𝘭𝘶𝘦𝘴 𝘪𝘯 𝘰𝘳𝘥𝘦𝘳 𝘧𝘰𝘳 𝘪𝘵 𝘵𝘰 𝘧𝘶𝘯𝘤𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯 𝘱𝘳𝘰𝘱𝘦𝘳𝘭𝘺.

Question 11

Neoliberalism

Answer 11

𝘢𝘯 𝘦𝘤𝘰𝘯𝘰𝘮𝘪𝘤 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘰𝘳𝘺 𝘵𝘩𝘢𝘵 𝘧𝘢𝘷𝘰𝘶𝘳𝘴 𝘧𝘳𝘦𝘦 𝘮𝘢𝘳𝘬𝘦𝘵𝘴 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘮𝘪𝘯𝘪𝘮𝘢𝘭 𝘨𝘰𝘷𝘦𝘳𝘯𝘮𝘦𝘯𝘵 𝘪𝘯𝘵𝘦𝘳𝘷𝘦𝘯𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯 𝘪𝘯 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘦𝘤𝘰𝘯𝘰𝘮𝘺. In terms of education, it promotes marketisation policies and transferring services into private ownership rather than government control.

Question 12

New Right

Answer 12

𝘈 𝘱𝘰𝘭𝘪𝘵𝘪𝘤𝘢𝘭 𝘤𝘰𝘮𝘣𝘪𝘯𝘢𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯 𝘰𝘧 𝘯𝘦𝘰-𝘭𝘪𝘣𝘦𝘳𝘢𝘭 𝘦𝘤𝘰𝘯𝘰𝘮𝘪𝘤𝘴 𝘸𝘪𝘵𝘩 𝘮𝘰𝘳𝘦 𝘤𝘰𝘯𝘴𝘦𝘳𝘷𝘢𝘵𝘪𝘷𝘦 𝘷𝘪𝘦𝘸𝘴 𝘰𝘯 𝘴𝘰𝘤𝘪𝘢𝘭 𝘪𝘴𝘴𝘶𝘦𝘴 (such as a traditional view on family life, school discipline and law and order).

Question 13

Marxism

Answer 13

𝘦𝘹𝘢𝘮𝘪𝘯𝘦𝘴 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘦𝘧𝘧𝘦𝘤𝘵 𝘰𝘧 𝘤𝘢𝘱𝘪𝘵𝘢𝘭𝘪𝘴𝘮 𝘰𝘯 𝘭𝘢𝘣𝘰𝘳, 𝘱𝘳𝘰𝘥𝘶𝘤𝘵𝘪𝘷𝘪𝘵𝘺, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘦𝘤𝘰𝘯𝘰𝘮𝘪𝘤 𝘥𝘦𝘷𝘦𝘭𝘰𝘱𝘮𝘦𝘯𝘵 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘢𝘳𝘨𝘶𝘦𝘴 𝘧𝘰𝘳 𝘢 𝘸𝘰𝘳𝘬𝘦𝘳 𝘳𝘦𝘷𝘰𝘭𝘶𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯 𝘵𝘰 𝘰𝘷𝘦𝘳𝘵𝘶𝘳𝘯 𝘤𝘢𝘱𝘪𝘵𝘢𝘭𝘪𝘴𝘮 𝘪𝘯 𝘧𝘢𝘷𝘰𝘳 𝘰𝘧 𝘤𝘰𝘮𝘮𝘶𝘯𝘪𝘴𝘮.

Question 14

Interactionism

Answer 14

𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘸𝘢𝘺𝘴 𝘪𝘯 𝘸𝘩𝘪𝘤𝘩 𝘪𝘯𝘥𝘪𝘷𝘪𝘥𝘶𝘢𝘭𝘴 𝘴𝘩𝘢𝘱𝘦, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘢𝘳𝘦 𝘴𝘩𝘢𝘱𝘦𝘥 𝘣𝘺 𝘴𝘰𝘤𝘪𝘦𝘵𝘺 𝘵𝘩𝘳𝘰𝘶𝘨𝘩 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘪𝘳 𝘪𝘯𝘵𝘦𝘳𝘢𝘤𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯𝘴.

Question 15

Structuralism

Answer 15

𝘪𝘴 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘴𝘤𝘩𝘰𝘰𝘭 𝘰𝘧 𝘵𝘩𝘰𝘶𝘨𝘩𝘵 𝘵𝘩𝘢𝘵 𝘩𝘶𝘮𝘢𝘯 𝘣𝘦𝘩𝘢𝘷𝘪𝘰𝘶𝘳 𝘮𝘶𝘴𝘵 𝘣𝘦 𝘶𝘯𝘥𝘦𝘳𝘴𝘵𝘰𝘰𝘥 𝘪𝘯 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘤𝘰𝘯𝘵𝘦𝘹𝘵 𝘰𝘧 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘴𝘰𝘤𝘪𝘢𝘭 𝘴𝘺𝘴𝘵𝘦𝘮 𝘪𝘯 𝘸𝘩𝘪𝘤𝘩 𝘪𝘵 𝘦𝘹𝘪𝘴𝘵.

Question 16

Consensus Theory

Answer 16

that 𝘱𝘦𝘰𝘱𝘭𝘦 𝘪𝘯 𝘴𝘰𝘤𝘪𝘦𝘵𝘺 𝘩𝘢𝘷𝘦 𝘴𝘩𝘢𝘳𝘦𝘥 𝘪𝘯𝘵𝘦𝘳𝘦𝘴𝘵𝘴 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘧𝘶𝘯𝘤𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯 𝘰𝘯 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘣𝘢𝘴𝘪𝘴 𝘰𝘧 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘳𝘦 𝘣𝘦𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘣𝘳𝘰𝘢𝘥 𝘢𝘨𝘳𝘦𝘦𝘮𝘦𝘯𝘵 𝘰𝘯 𝘪𝘵𝘴 𝘯𝘰𝘳𝘮𝘴 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘷𝘢𝘭𝘶𝘦𝘴.

Question 17

Conflict Theory

Answer 17

holds that social order is maintained by domination and power

Question 18

anomie

Answer 18

𝘭𝘢𝘤𝘬 𝘰𝘧 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘶𝘴𝘶𝘢𝘭 𝘴𝘰𝘤𝘪𝘢𝘭 𝘰𝘳 𝘦𝘵𝘩𝘪𝘤𝘢𝘭 𝘴𝘵𝘢𝘯𝘥𝘢𝘳𝘥𝘴 𝘪𝘯 𝘢𝘯 𝘪𝘯𝘥𝘪𝘷𝘪𝘥𝘶𝘢𝘭 𝘰𝘳 𝘨𝘳𝘰𝘶𝘱.

Question 19

ascribed

Answer 19

𝘪𝘥𝘦𝘯𝘵𝘪𝘵𝘺 𝘨𝘪𝘷𝘦𝘯 𝘵𝘰 𝘢𝘯 𝘪𝘯𝘥𝘪𝘷𝘪𝘥𝘶𝘢𝘭 𝘣𝘺 𝘴𝘰𝘤𝘪𝘦𝘵𝘺, in accordance with how society views a particular gender, ethnicity, social class or age group.

Question 20

proletariat

Answer 20

𝘸𝘰𝘳𝘬𝘪𝘯𝘨-𝘤𝘭𝘢𝘴𝘴 𝘱𝘦𝘰𝘱𝘭𝘦 regarded collectively (often used with reference to Marxism).

Question 21

economic capital

Answer 21

𝘧𝘪𝘯𝘢𝘯𝘤𝘪𝘢𝘭 𝘳𝘦𝘴𝘰𝘶𝘳𝘤𝘦𝘴 𝘵𝘩𝘢𝘵 𝘤𝘢𝘯 𝘣𝘦 𝘶𝘴𝘦𝘥 𝘵𝘰 𝘣𝘶𝘺 𝘦𝘥𝘶𝘤𝘢𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯𝘢𝘭 𝘴𝘶𝘤𝘤𝘦𝘴𝘴

Question 22

social capital

Answer 22

resources based on social connections and group membership

Question 23

symbolic capital

Answer 23

𝘵𝘪𝘵𝘭𝘦𝘴 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘢𝘸𝘢𝘳𝘥𝘴 such as OBEs and Knighthoods

Question 24

cultural capital

Answer 24

interests, tastes and manners that can help individuals succeed in a career/education

Question 25

primary socialisation

Answer 25

𝘣𝘢𝘴𝘪𝘤 𝘴𝘰𝘤𝘪𝘦𝘵𝘢𝘭 𝘯𝘰𝘳𝘮𝘴 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘤𝘶𝘴𝘵𝘰𝘮𝘴 𝘭𝘦𝘢𝘳𝘯𝘦𝘥 𝘦𝘢𝘳𝘭𝘺 𝘢𝘴 𝘢 𝘤𝘩𝘪𝘭𝘥 𝘱𝘳𝘪𝘮𝘢𝘳𝘪𝘭𝘺 𝘥𝘶𝘦 𝘵𝘰 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘪𝘯𝘧𝘭𝘶𝘦𝘯𝘤𝘦 𝘰𝘧 𝘧𝘢𝘮𝘪𝘭𝘺 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘧𝘳𝘪𝘦𝘯𝘥𝘴.

Question 26

secondary socialisation

Answer 26

occurs outside of home and is the process of learning common values of wider society.

Question 27

Cream-skimming

Answer 27

selecting higher ability students who gain good results and cost less to teach.

Question 28

Silt-shifting

Answer 28

offloading students with learning difficulties who get poor results and are expensive.