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Question 1

Gender - St Augustine

Answer 1

the world was damned because of Adam and Eve - therefore women were regarded as the “devil’s gateway”

Question 2

Gender - In the 5th Century:

Answer 2

women were seen as a threat for playing a significant role within the Church

Question 3

Gender - 1 Corinthians 14:34-35, Paul wrote:

Answer 3

“women should remain silent in the churches. They are not allowed to speak, but must be in submission, as the Law says.” many have argued that this is in response to a specific situation and not about all churches

Question 4

Gender - 1 Romans 16:1-2

Answer 4

‘I commend to you our sister Phoebe, a deacon of the church’ This is a biblical passage for gender equality

Question 5

Gender - Christian Egalitarians

Answer 5

All are equal before Christ, and should therefore be treated as equal.

Question 6

Gender - Christian Complementarians

Answer 6

men and women are of equal importance to God, but they have different and complementary roles in marriage, family, society and the Church.

Question 7

Gender - Catholics

Answer 7

Catholics have a Complementarian approach but argue that Apostolic Succession can only be passed on from men to men

Question 8

Catholic reasons against women ordination

Answer 8

a bishop represents the Fatherhood of God, Religious change should not be dictated by changes in culture

Question 9

Gender - Daphne Hampson

Answer 9

Christians have a patriarchal outlook of the Bible (God is described with male metaphors - creating a gender hierarchy).

Question 10

Gender - Ruether

Answer 10

Jesus embodied both masculine and feminine aspects of human nature - Jesus is seen as androgynous

Question 11

Gender - Ruether #2

Answer 11

believes that the Kingdom of God is not a heavenly state, but is set upon earth as a sphere where justice prevails for all.

Question 12

Christianity - Celibacy

Answer 12

Christians teach that marriage is a sexual, social and emotional union - so ‘before marriage, you should remain celibate.

Question 13

Marriage/Celibacy - 1 Corinthians St Paul

Answer 13

argues you should remain celibate unless your urges become too strong - in this case, you should marry.

Question 14

Marriage - Catholics

Answer 14

couples who have divorced may not remarry as in the eyes of God and the Church they are still married.

Question 15

Sexuality - St Paul

Answer 15

classed homosexuality as ‘anti-social activities’

Question 16

Homosexuality - St Paul

Answer 16

he pleaded with God three times in vain to remove an unspecified “thorn in my flesh” that troubled him. Some believe that “thorn” was attraction to other men.

Question 17

Homosexuality - Evangelical Protestants

Answer 17

against homosexuality and tend to interpret biblical verses on homosexual acts to mean that the heterosexual family was created by God.

Question 18

Homosexuality - Other Protestants

Answer 18

follow Jesus who challenged social and religious injustice.

Question 19

Homosexuality - Catholic Church

Answer 19

have no problem with people being homosexual as long as they don’t practice it and remain celibate.

Question 20

Process theology

Answer 20

God did not create the world from nothing, he just begun the process. He is part of the universe and bound by nautral laws and he suffers too.

Question 21

Good conduct - Jesus, ‘Sermon on the Mount’ Matthew 5:16

Answer 21

‘Let your light so shine before men, that they may see your good works and give glory to your Father who is in heaven.’

Question 22

Good conduct - Some Christians insist

Answer 22

that good conduct is not for going to heaven but is a matter of doing right for right’s sake.

Question 23

Adam and Eve

Answer 23

death is a consequence of Adam and Eve’s sin, but Jesus’ death restored the relationship between God and humanity

Question 24

Council of Orange - Mansi VI, 440

Answer 24

“Altogether no women deacons are to be ordained. If some already exist, let them bend their heads to the blessing given to the (lay) people.”

Question 25

Justification - 3:20-26 Paul:

Answer 25

(his=God) ‘For by works of the law no human being will be justified in his sight, since through the law comes knowledge of sin. (original sin’)

Question 26

Justification - James 2:15-17

Answer 26

‘If a brother or sister is poorly clothed and lacking in daily food, and one of you says to them, “Go in peace, be warmed and filled,” without giving them the things needed for the body, what good is that?’

Question 27

Justification - Matthew 25:31-46.

Answer 27

Many Christians accept the need for works on the basis of Jesus’ Parable of the Sheep and the Goats. Sheep = eternal life for good works

Question 28

Aristotles division of reason

Answer 28

(helps achieve eudaimonia) 1. the scientific which corresponds to theoretical reasoning. 2. the calculative which corresponds to practical reasoning