Religious Studies TMA1

Question 1

Phenomenology

Answer 1

is the philosophical study of the structures of experience and consciousness.

Question 2

entelechy

Answer 2

the realization of potential

Question 3

Solipsism

Answer 3

is the view that one’s own mind is the only mind in existence.

Question 4

Normative ethics

Answer 4

the question or study of what is morally right and wrong

Question 5

Deontology

Answer 5

𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘮𝘰𝘳𝘢𝘭𝘪𝘵𝘺 𝘰𝘧 𝘢𝘯 𝘢𝘤𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯 𝘴𝘩𝘰𝘶𝘭𝘥 𝘣𝘦 𝘣𝘢𝘴𝘦𝘥 𝘰𝘯 𝘸𝘩𝘦𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘳 𝘵𝘩𝘢𝘵 𝘢𝘤𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯 𝘪𝘵𝘴𝘦𝘭𝘧 𝘪𝘴 𝘳𝘪𝘨𝘩𝘵 𝘰𝘳 𝘸𝘳𝘰𝘯𝘨 𝘶𝘯𝘥𝘦𝘳 𝘢 𝘴𝘦𝘳𝘪𝘦𝘴 𝘰𝘧 𝘳𝘶𝘭𝘦𝘴.

Question 6

Consequentialism

Answer 6

𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘤𝘰𝘯𝘴𝘦𝘲𝘶𝘦𝘯𝘤𝘦𝘴 𝘰𝘧 𝘰𝘯𝘦’𝘴 𝘤𝘰𝘯𝘥𝘶𝘤𝘵 𝘢𝘳𝘦 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘶𝘭𝘵𝘪𝘮𝘢𝘵𝘦 𝘣𝘢𝘴𝘪𝘴 𝘧𝘰𝘳 𝘫𝘶𝘥𝘨𝘮𝘦𝘯𝘵 𝘢𝘣𝘰𝘶𝘵 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘳𝘪𝘨𝘩𝘵𝘯𝘦𝘴𝘴 𝘰𝘳 𝘸𝘳𝘰𝘯𝘨𝘯𝘦𝘴𝘴 𝘰𝘧 𝘵𝘩𝘢𝘵 𝘤𝘰𝘯𝘥𝘶𝘤𝘵.

Question 7

utilitarianism

Answer 7

𝘪𝘴 𝘢 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘰𝘳𝘺 𝘰𝘧 𝘮𝘰𝘳𝘢𝘭𝘪𝘵𝘺 𝘵𝘩𝘢𝘵 𝘢𝘥𝘷𝘰𝘤𝘢𝘵𝘦𝘴 𝘢𝘤𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯𝘴 𝘵𝘩𝘢𝘵 𝘧𝘰𝘴𝘵𝘦𝘳 𝘩𝘢𝘱𝘱𝘪𝘯𝘦𝘴𝘴 𝘰𝘳 𝘱𝘭𝘦𝘢𝘴𝘶𝘳𝘦 and oppose actions that cause unhappiness or harm

Question 8

teleology

Answer 8

𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘧𝘢𝘤𝘵 𝘰𝘳 𝘤𝘩𝘢𝘳𝘢𝘤𝘵𝘦𝘳 𝘢𝘵𝘵𝘳𝘪𝘣𝘶𝘵𝘦𝘥 𝘵𝘰 𝘯𝘢𝘵𝘶𝘳𝘦 𝘰𝘳 𝘯𝘢𝘵𝘶𝘳𝘢𝘭 𝘱𝘳𝘰𝘤𝘦𝘴𝘴𝘦𝘴 𝘰𝘧 𝘣𝘦𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘥𝘪𝘳𝘦𝘤𝘵𝘦𝘥 𝘵𝘰𝘸𝘢𝘳𝘥 𝘢𝘯 𝘦𝘯𝘥 𝘰𝘳 𝘴𝘩𝘢𝘱𝘦𝘥 𝘣𝘺 𝘢 𝘱𝘶𝘳𝘱𝘰𝘴𝘦

Question 9

eudaimonism

Answer 9

is an ethical theory that maintains that happiness is reached through virtue

Question 10

virtue

Answer 10

𝘪𝘴 𝘢 𝘵𝘳𝘢𝘪𝘵 𝘰𝘳 𝘥𝘪𝘴𝘱𝘰𝘴𝘪𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯 𝘰𝘧 𝘤𝘩𝘢𝘳𝘢𝘤𝘵𝘦𝘳 𝘵𝘩𝘢𝘵 𝘭𝘦𝘢𝘥𝘴 𝘵𝘰 𝘨𝘰𝘰𝘥 𝘣𝘦𝘩𝘢𝘷𝘪𝘰𝘳, for example, wisdom, courage, modesty, generosity, and self-control.

Question 11

Absolute (philosophy)

Answer 11

𝘪𝘴 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘵𝘦𝘳𝘮 𝘶𝘴𝘦𝘥 𝘧𝘰𝘳 𝘢𝘯 𝘶𝘭𝘵𝘪𝘮𝘢𝘵𝘦 𝘰𝘳 𝘮𝘰𝘴𝘵 𝘴𝘶𝘱𝘳𝘦𝘮𝘦 𝘣𝘦𝘪𝘯𝘨.

Question 12

fideism

Answer 12

a theory which maintains that faith is independent of reason and reason and faith are hostile to each other

Question 13

Proportionalism

Answer 13

𝘥𝘦𝘵𝘦𝘳𝘮𝘪𝘯𝘦 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘳𝘪𝘨𝘩𝘵 𝘤𝘰𝘶𝘳𝘴𝘦 𝘰𝘧 𝘢𝘤𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯 𝘣𝘺 𝘸𝘦𝘪𝘨𝘩𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘶𝘱 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘨𝘰𝘰𝘥 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘯𝘦𝘤𝘦𝘴𝘴𝘢𝘳𝘺 𝘦𝘷𝘪𝘭 𝘤𝘢𝘶𝘴𝘦𝘥 𝘣𝘺 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘢𝘤𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯.

Question 14

Agape (pronounced ‘aggar-pay’)

Answer 14

𝘪𝘴 𝘢 𝘎𝘳𝘦𝘤𝘰-𝘊𝘩𝘳𝘪𝘴𝘵𝘪𝘢𝘯 𝘵𝘦𝘳𝘮 𝘳𝘦𝘧𝘦𝘳𝘳𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘵𝘰 𝘶𝘯𝘤𝘰𝘯𝘥𝘪𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯𝘢𝘭 𝘭𝘰𝘷𝘦, “the highest form of love”

Question 15

antinomianism (anti-no-me-uon-ism)

Answer 15

𝘪𝘴 𝘢𝘯𝘺 𝘷𝘪𝘦𝘸 𝘸𝘩𝘪𝘤𝘩 𝘳𝘦𝘫𝘦𝘤𝘵𝘴 𝘤𝘦𝘳𝘵𝘢𝘪𝘯 𝘭𝘢𝘸𝘴 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘢𝘳𝘨𝘶𝘦𝘴 𝘢𝘨𝘢𝘪𝘯𝘴𝘵 𝘮𝘰𝘳𝘢𝘭, 𝘳𝘦𝘭𝘪𝘨𝘪𝘰𝘶𝘴 𝘰𝘳 𝘴𝘰𝘤𝘪𝘢𝘭 𝘯𝘰𝘳𝘮𝘴, or is at least considered to do so.

Question 16

Phronesis

Answer 16

𝘪𝘴 𝘢𝘯 𝘢𝘯𝘤𝘪𝘦𝘯𝘵 𝘎𝘳𝘦𝘦𝘬 𝘸𝘰𝘳𝘥 𝘧𝘰𝘳 𝘢 𝘵𝘺𝘱𝘦 𝘰𝘧 𝘸𝘪𝘴𝘥𝘰𝘮 𝘰𝘳 𝘪𝘯𝘵𝘦𝘭𝘭𝘪𝘨𝘦𝘯𝘤𝘦 𝘳𝘦𝘭𝘦𝘷𝘢𝘯𝘵 𝘵𝘰 𝘱𝘳𝘢𝘤𝘵𝘪𝘤𝘢𝘭 𝘢𝘤𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯.

Question 17

tautology

Answer 17

𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘴𝘢𝘺𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘰𝘧 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘴𝘢𝘮𝘦 𝘵𝘩𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘵𝘸𝘪𝘤𝘦 𝘰𝘷𝘦𝘳 𝘪𝘯 𝘥𝘪𝘧𝘧𝘦𝘳𝘦𝘯𝘵 𝘸𝘰𝘳𝘥𝘴, 𝘨𝘦𝘯𝘦𝘳𝘢𝘭𝘭𝘺 𝘤𝘰𝘯𝘴𝘪𝘥𝘦𝘳𝘦𝘥 𝘵𝘰 𝘣𝘦 𝘢 𝘧𝘢𝘶𝘭𝘵 𝘰𝘧 𝘴𝘵𝘺𝘭𝘦

Question 18

asceticism (a-set-is-ism)

Answer 18

𝘴𝘦𝘷𝘦𝘳𝘦 𝘴𝘦𝘭𝘧-𝘥𝘪𝘴𝘤𝘪𝘱𝘭𝘪𝘯𝘦 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘢𝘷𝘰𝘪𝘥𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘢𝘭𝘭 𝘧𝘰𝘳𝘮𝘴 𝘰𝘧 𝘪𝘯𝘥𝘶𝘭𝘨𝘦𝘯𝘤𝘦, typically for religious reasons.

Question 19

egalitarian (ee-ga-litarian)

Answer 19

𝘣𝘦𝘭𝘪𝘦𝘷𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘪𝘯 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘱𝘳𝘪𝘯𝘤𝘪𝘱𝘭𝘦 𝘵𝘩𝘢𝘵 𝘢𝘭𝘭 𝘱𝘦𝘰𝘱𝘭𝘦 𝘢𝘳𝘦 𝘦𝘲𝘶𝘢𝘭 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘥𝘦𝘴𝘦𝘳𝘷𝘦 𝘦𝘲𝘶𝘢𝘭 𝘳𝘪𝘨𝘩𝘵𝘴 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘰𝘱𝘱𝘰𝘳𝘵𝘶𝘯𝘪𝘵𝘪𝘦𝘴.

Question 20

hedonistic

Answer 20

𝘦𝘯𝘨𝘢𝘨𝘦𝘥 𝘪𝘯 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘱𝘶𝘳𝘴𝘶𝘪𝘵 𝘰𝘧 𝘱𝘭𝘦𝘢𝘴𝘶𝘳𝘦; sensually self-indulgent.

Question 21

fallacy

Answer 21

𝘢 𝘮𝘪𝘴𝘵𝘢𝘬𝘦𝘯 𝘣𝘦𝘭𝘪𝘦𝘧, 𝘦𝘴𝘱𝘦𝘤𝘪𝘢𝘭𝘭𝘺 𝘰𝘯𝘦 𝘣𝘢𝘴𝘦𝘥 𝘰𝘯 𝘶𝘯𝘴𝘰𝘶𝘯𝘥 𝘢𝘳𝘨𝘶𝘮𝘦𝘯𝘵𝘴.

Question 22

Ethical non-naturalism

Answer 22

𝘸𝘦 𝘤𝘢𝘯𝘯𝘰𝘵 𝘥𝘦𝘧𝘪𝘯𝘦 𝘮𝘰𝘳𝘢𝘭 𝘵𝘦𝘳𝘮𝘴 𝘶𝘴𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘯𝘢𝘵𝘶𝘳𝘢𝘭 𝘵𝘦𝘳𝘮𝘴 𝘢𝘴 𝘥𝘰𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘴𝘰 𝘪𝘴 𝘢 𝘯𝘢𝘵𝘶𝘳𝘢𝘭𝘪𝘴𝘵𝘪𝘤 𝘧𝘢𝘭𝘭𝘢𝘤𝘺

Question 23

Hard determinism

Answer 23

𝘪𝘴 𝘢 𝘷𝘪𝘦𝘸 𝘰𝘯 𝘧𝘳𝘦𝘦 𝘸𝘪𝘭𝘭 𝘸𝘩𝘪𝘤𝘩 𝘩𝘰𝘭𝘥𝘴 𝘵𝘩𝘢𝘵 𝘥𝘦𝘵𝘦𝘳𝘮𝘪𝘯𝘪𝘴𝘮 𝘪𝘴 𝘵𝘳𝘶𝘦 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘳𝘦𝘧𝘰𝘳𝘦 𝘧𝘳𝘦𝘦 𝘸𝘪𝘭𝘭 𝘥𝘰𝘦𝘴 𝘯𝘰𝘵 𝘦𝘹𝘪𝘴𝘵.

Question 24

Practical freedom

Answer 24

𝘥𝘦𝘴𝘤𝘳𝘪𝘣𝘦𝘴 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘴𝘦𝘭𝘧-𝘶𝘯𝘥𝘦𝘳𝘴𝘵𝘢𝘯𝘥𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘰𝘧 𝘢 𝘳𝘦𝘢𝘴𝘰𝘯𝘢𝘣𝘭𝘦 𝘣𝘦𝘪𝘯𝘨, 𝘵𝘰 𝘥𝘦𝘤𝘪𝘥𝘦 𝘢𝘤𝘤𝘰𝘳𝘥𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘵𝘰 𝘴𝘦𝘭𝘧-𝘳𝘢𝘪𝘴𝘦𝘥 𝘱𝘳𝘪𝘯𝘤𝘪𝘱𝘭𝘦𝘴, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘵𝘩𝘶𝘴 𝘵𝘰 𝘶𝘯𝘥𝘦𝘳𝘴𝘵𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘰𝘯𝘦𝘴𝘦𝘭𝘧 𝘢𝘴 𝘧𝘳𝘦𝘦.

Question 25

Metaphysical freedom

Answer 25

is the power to choose between opportunities.

Question 26

Relativism

Answer 26

𝘪𝘴 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘷𝘪𝘦𝘸 𝘵𝘩𝘢𝘵 𝘢 𝘱𝘦𝘳𝘴𝘰𝘯𝘴 𝘣𝘦𝘭𝘪𝘦𝘧𝘴 𝘢𝘳𝘦 𝘵𝘳𝘶𝘦 𝘧𝘰𝘳 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘮𝘴𝘦𝘭𝘷𝘦𝘴, 𝘣𝘶𝘵 𝘯𝘰𝘵 𝘯𝘦𝘤𝘦𝘴𝘴𝘢𝘳𝘪𝘭𝘺 𝘧𝘰𝘳 𝘰𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘳𝘴.

Question 27

Language game theory

Answer 27

𝘮𝘦𝘢𝘯𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘰𝘯𝘭𝘺 𝘤𝘰𝘮𝘦𝘴 𝘧𝘳𝘰𝘮 𝘤𝘰𝘯𝘵𝘦𝘹𝘵, 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘳𝘦𝘧𝘰𝘳𝘦 𝘸𝘦 𝘩𝘢𝘷𝘦 𝘵𝘰 𝘬𝘯𝘰𝘸 𝘸𝘩𝘢𝘵 ‘𝘨𝘢𝘮𝘦’ 𝘵𝘩𝘢𝘵 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘸𝘰𝘳𝘥 𝘪𝘴 𝘱𝘢𝘳𝘵𝘪𝘤𝘪𝘱𝘢𝘵𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘪𝘯.

Question 28

Natural law’s Primary Precepts

Answer 28

1. preservation of the innocent 2. Continuation through reproduction 3. Education of children 4. To live in society 5. To worship God