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AcaDec 2024_25 Climate > Social Science Section 4 > Flashcards

Social Science Section 4 Flashcards

1
Q

True or False: Every scientist agrees the world is experimenting a climate crisis?

A

True

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2
Q

Who recognized that carbon dioxide in the atmosphere could raise temperatures?

A

Eunice Newtin Foote

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3
Q

In what year did scientists begin to systemically measure carbon dioxide and realized it could cause global warming?

A

1950s

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4
Q

Who initiated a systemic measurement of atmospheric carbon dioxide?

A

Charles David Keeling

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5
Q

In what year did Bert Bolin alert the National Academy of Sciences that increasing CO2 could have serious consequences?

A

1959

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6
Q

True or false: scientist in the 1950s knew what questions to ask regarding climate change?

A

False

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7
Q

Why is it difficult to know that climate change is causing a climate crisis?

A

Because there are many factors causing a climate crisis

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8
Q

True or False: Rare weather phenomena are occurring more frequently

A

True

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9
Q

True or False: Most people assume that the climate started drastically changing because of the industrial revolution?

A

True

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10
Q

True or False: only 1 factor links to the current climate crisis

A

False

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11
Q

which one of these is not a observable change to the earth system? ice sheet loss, warmer ocean & atmosphere temp, Technological advances, & sea level rise

A

Technological advances

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12
Q

“The Space Race was a driving force behind the scientific battle”. The space race concluded when 2 men did what in what year

A

Walked on the moon in 1969

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13
Q

When was sputnik launched, & subsequently the space race began

A

1957

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14
Q

True or False: We knew what impact burning fossil fuels had on the environment as early at the early 1800s

A

False

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15
Q

from 1958 to today, how much has the carbon in the atmosphere grown in ppm?

A

~100 ppm

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16
Q

Who is the Keeling Curve named after?

A

Charles David Keeling

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17
Q

True or False: The Holocene was an accepted time frame by most of the scientific community by 1969

A

False

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18
Q

When was The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) founded?

A

1958

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19
Q

How did space exploration propel the reorganization of scientific communities in the Soviet Union and the United States?

A

New institutions were created, the most notable being NASA.

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20
Q

What are two research programs that study climate change?

A

World Climate Research Programme and the International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme

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21
Q

How much money did big oil industries make in profit in 2022?

A

219$ billion.

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22
Q

What is the disconnect between?

A

It was between the knowledge of experts and the knowledge of the average person.

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23
Q

between the years 2007 and 2022 what year did big oil industries make the lease amount of profit

A

2020

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24
Q

What does that disconnect mean for the distribution of knowledge?

A

It means that scientists must essentially dumb things down for the public to understand.

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25
Q

What is a carbon footprint

A

how much CO2 you put into the air

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26
Q

True or False are knowledge on climate change hasn’t changed from the 1990 to now

A

False

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27
Q

What is the biggest contributor to the fact that 2022 was big oil industries biggest year yet

A

The Ukraine and Russian war

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28
Q

When was the international treaty responding to Koyoto made?

A

1997

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29
Q

what is the Keeling curve

A

The average temp over time and the curve

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30
Q

who made the Keeling curve

A

Charles David Kelling

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31
Q

who is Bert Bolin

A

A Swedish meteorologist to alert DC of the temperature rise

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32
Q

True or false . from 2007 to 2022 all big oil company’s had a net positive income every year

A

False

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33
Q

True or false. The big oil company’s make more profit each year

A

False

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34
Q

The Republican party is characterized by/also referred to as?

A

conservative

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35
Q

True or False? The Republican party is pro-business and anti-government regulation of business.

A

True

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36
Q

Which of the U.S. political parties are more likely to question scientific findings about climate change and support the idea that taking climate action is bad for the economy?

A

Republicans

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37
Q

What percent of democrats supported climate change in 2023?

A

80%

38
Q

What percent of republicans prioritized economic growth in 2023?

A

72%

39
Q

What years was the former president Donald Trump in office for?

A

2017-2021

40
Q

What did President Donald Trump say about the 2015 Paris Agreement?

A

The agreement to combat climate change would put the US at a “very big economic disadvantage”

41
Q

Who are other important international figures who are against climate action?

A

Russian President Vladimir Putin and Brazilian President Jair Bolsonaro

42
Q

T or F: News Organizations are ALWAYS correct

A

False

43
Q

True or false? The majority of Republicans/those who lean Republican do not think that human activity is or is not causing changes to the world’s climate (including increases in temperatures)?

A

False; according to the Washington Post-University of Maryland of 1404 adults 55% of the 445 republicans/Republican-leaning dependents agreed that human actions impacted climate change

44
Q

Does the government need to be involved to combat climate change

A

There are a number of things that need to happen on a global scale and will LIKELY require a substantial amount of government involvement around the world

45
Q

What does the UNFCCC stand for

A

United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change

46
Q

In 2022, a recent study found that nearly how much of the British broadcasters in the U.K. cast doubt on climate science?

A

1/3 (one-third)

47
Q

What is the Kyoto Protocol?

A

A binding agreement among thirty-seven nations that was adopted in 1997 but wasn’t put into effect until 2005

48
Q

When and where was the UNFCCC (United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change) founded?

A

It was founded by the United Nations at the 1992 Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

49
Q

What was included in the Kyoto Protocol?

A

Procedures for monitoring greenhouse gas emissions, including registry systems to track and record emissions. Reporting annual emission inventories and a compliance system to help parties meet their commitments.

50
Q

What organization was a catalyst of the Kyoto Protocol?

A

UN of Climate Change (UNFCCC)

51
Q

Over the years 2008 to 2012 the participating nations in the Kyoto Protocol that had a total emission reduction of what compared to 1990 levels?

A

5%

52
Q

The 2015 Paris Agreement that was adopted by 196 parties is also known as?

A

the Paris Accords or Paris Climate Accords

53
Q

The Paris Agreement, following the scientific guidelines of the IPCC, set the goal of limiting the increase in global average temperatures to well below how many degrees in Celsius (above pre-industrial levels)?

A

2 degrees Celsius

54
Q

What is the significance of 1.5 degrees Celsius?

A

a goal for limiting the amount of global warming above the pre-industrial average to 1.5°C by the end of the century

55
Q

In order to reach the goal of limiting the increase to 1.5 degrees Celsius what two other emission goals are important/included?

A

a peak in greenhouse gas emissions before 2025 and a 43% decline by 2030

56
Q

True or False? According to the United Nations report from late 2022, the current emission reductions is very close/practically there to putting the world on track to meet the 1.5 degrees Celsius target by the end of the century.

A

False; the report concludes that we are not even close

57
Q

What is the Green New Deal?

A

a policy proposal championed by U.S. Congressional Representative Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, Senator Ed Markey, and others that would involve government investment in building infrastructure and incentivizing industries to help address the climate crisis

58
Q

What major public works investment from the 1930s’ does the name “The Green New Deal”

A

the New Deal which helped revitalize the U.S. economy during the Great Depression

59
Q

What is the key idea of the Green New Deal?

A

that financial investment in mitigating climate change could actually boost new and existing industries and therefore the economy as a whole

60
Q

When did U.S. President Joseph R. Biden sign the Inflation Reduction Act?

A

in 2022

61
Q

How many parties adopted the 2015 Paris Agreement?

A

196

62
Q

What was the goal of the IPCC and the Paris Agreement?

A

To limit the global temparture increase by about 1.5 degrees C by the end of the century

63
Q

What is another word for Carbon Sequestration?

A

Carbon capture

64
Q

What different types of power are there?

A

Hydrogen, solar power, wind power, and biofuels.

65
Q

How much of a percentage of global energy did wind and solar make up in 2022?

A

12 percent.

66
Q

What created the opportunity to build a carbon capture infrastructure in Louisiana?

A

Funding for climate action provided through the IRA.

67
Q

What are the people who speak out about the issues of the climate crisis called?

A

Climate Activists.

68
Q

The Missouri River was vital for protecting what?

A

the drinking water of the Standing Rock Sioux Reservation

69
Q

The protesters of the Standing Rock targeted what pipeline?

A

One that was transporting fossil fuel underground in Canada to Texas

70
Q

Who took action when her home was threated by a British company for mining?

A

Alessandra Korap Munduruku

71
Q

With the help of her organization who did Alessandra K. M. demand out of her and everyone land?

A

Anglo American

72
Q

How many participants and cities were in the movement “Friday for Future” in 2018?

A

14 million participants and 7,500 cities

73
Q

Which 15 year old Sweden child sat in front of the Swedish Parliament to protest against her government?

A

Greta Thunberg

74
Q

What was Greta Thunberg’s message?

A

“Politicians should listen to scientists and act accordingly”

75
Q

In 2019 Thunberg’s gave a speech where?

A

Vienna

76
Q

In early 2017 Trump ordered what to occur?

A

Pipeline construction to continue

77
Q

When did Alessandra’s Victory help protect more than 400,000 acres of rainforest in the Sawre Muybu Territory?

A

May 2021

78
Q

What is on the cusp of transforming human use of fossil fuels for human operated machines?

A

The use of electric energy and developments in batteries.

79
Q

What is biochar?

A

Carbon rich charcoal from burnt crops added to soil

80
Q

What is Afforestation?

A

Planting vast forests

81
Q

What is climate colonialism?

A

Practices of extracting resources or producing clean energy in less-powerful countries and utilizing the benefits in wealthier nations.

82
Q

What did the Biden administration attempt to incorporate with the Justice40 Initiative.

A

A concern for justice into policy

83
Q

What goal did the Justice40 Initiative set?

A

It set the goal that 40 percent of overall benefits from Federal investment in certain categories flow to underserved communities.

84
Q

What is the defining characteristic of Earth System Science?

A

It brings the subject of different fields into a single view of Earth.

85
Q

Who is Lloyd Berkner?

A

An American Physicist and engineer (1905-67)

86
Q

When was the WRCP established?

A

1980

87
Q

When was the World Ocean Circulation Experiment?

A

1990-2002

88
Q

What was Berkner’s suggestion?

A

That ICSU embark on a systematic and comprehensive study of global geophysical activities over a set period.

89
Q

Where did Charles David Keeling conduct his research?

A

Hawaii at a base on Mauna Loa.1

90
Q

Which program was at the center of advances in knowledge of the weather and climate in the 1970’s and 1980’s?

A

The Global Atmospheric Research Program (GARP)

91
Q

True or False: GARP stayed at the center for the study of climate change forever

A

False, WCRP succeeded in becoming the new center of studies in climate change in 1979.

AcaDec 2024_25 Climate (16 decks)

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