Art Section 4 & 5 Flashcards
What two things contributed to the understanding that ecosystems were understood through robust systems theories derived from new computing technologies?
The conclusion of World War 2 and the rise of the field of cybernetics.
What influential piece of art criticism did Jack Burnham publish in 1968?
Systems Esthetics
Where did Helen and Newton Harrison live from 1957 to 1960?
Florence, Italy
What did Helen Mayer Harrison study?
English and education
What did Newton Harrison study?
Art at the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts
When did Newton Harrison begin collaborating with other artists?
The late 1960’s
Why were the Harrisons important in contemporary eco art?
They were vital in establishing the activist engagement and informed interdisciplinarity of much of the contemporary eco art produced in the last half century, the Harrisons were true pioneers.
Which artists made ‘Making Earth’?
Helen and Newton Harrison
Where was ‘Shrimp Farm, Survival Piece #2’ staged at?
Los Angeles County Museum of Art (LACMA)
What causes the reddish hue in the water around Spiral Jetty?
Carotene produced by algae due to high salt levels.
?What was a key outcome of the Harrisons’ Shrimp Farm exhibition?
An actual harvest of shrimp from the ponds
What crab species did the Harrisons cultivate in The Lagoon Cycle?
Scylla serrata, or mud crab
How did the Harrisons simulate monsoon conditions for the crabs?
By decreasing salinity and increasing available food.
How did the duration of The Lagoon Cycle differ from previous works
It was not limited to a predetermined period and was ongoing.
What unique narrative technique did the Harrisons use in The Lagoon Cycle?
An oblique dialogue between a Lagoon maker and a Witness.
What do the seven panels in The Lagoon Cycle incorporate?
Text, maps, and cut photo-collage
What aspect did the first three panels of The Lagoon Cycle explore
The transition from indoor tanks to outdoor environments.
What bold proposal was made regarding the Salton Sea?
To regulate salinity, herbicide, and pesticide levels by connecting it to the Gulf of California.
The Creator of “Rhine Water Purification Plant (1972) was created by Hans Haacke. What were the two places he lived in and what years did he start living there. (Hint: One is his birth place)
He was Born in Cologne Germany in 1936, and has been based in New York City, since 1965
“Rhine Water Purification Plant (1972)” is a site-based installation, where is it located? (Be Specific)
Museum Haus Lange, in Krefeild, Germany
What does Hans Haacke’s creation “Rhine Water Purification Plant (1972)” epitomize?
Haackle’s engagement with different kinds of systems, this includes economic and environmental
Haacke’s creation “Rhine Water Purification Plant (1972) was humorously called a “purification plant”. What are the 2 features of the piece that was mentioned?
- The installation was much smaller than a plant 2. It functionally cleaned polluted water from Rhine River
Explain the Process that Haacke’s “Rhine Water Purification Plant (1972)” went through to clean water.
Water from Rhine’s River was pumped into Gallery Space, then it was purified by having the water pass through basins treated with Chemicals and over the top filters (composed of Charcoal and Sand). The Clean water pilled a rectangular Plexiglas prism on floor.
Haacke extended a preceding works that incorporated both Real-Time water cycles and ecological concerns. This was because of his “Rhine Water Purification Plant (1972)”. Around 1962 what was the movement Haacke started experimenting with?
The Movement of water within Plexiglas containers, the best known being “Condensation Cube (1963-65)” and another well known work was “Wave (1965)”
What was Haacke’s work “Wave (1965)”?
A rectangular prism suspended from the ceiling that swings in subtle variation with air currents in the room and movement of liquid within the box.
Hans Haacke described art objects and conditions of life within its environment as a continuous system. In the quote given, he refers to Kinetic Artwork as a ‘Sculpture’. What was the first thing he said about Kinetic Art work? (Hint: has something to do with how it should/shouldn’t be referred to.)
“A ‘sculpture’ that physically reacts to its environment and/or affects its surroundings is no longer to be regarded as an object.”
What group was the creator of “Phine Water Purifcation Plant (1972) mainly associated with in Eroupe?
“Zero Group” which was formed in Dusseldorf in 1957. They were known for using technologies to create moving artwork.
The Zero group, associated with Hans Haacke & his artwork “Rhine water purification plant’ was known to create ___ artworks.
Kinetic, or moving
In which city & country is ‘Rhine Water Purification plant’ located?
Krenfeld, Germany
When was ‘Rhine Water Purification plant’ made? And by Who?
1972 by Hans Haacke
The artwork ‘Rhine Water purification plant’ was an actual working water purifier, meaning that it did what?
Purified water. turned muddy water from the Rhine river into clean, purified water
Haacke has made other kinetic artworks beside the purification plant. one of the more famous ones is called _____, in which a small amount of water in the cube did what?
“Condensation Cube” The small amount of water evaporated & condensated back down
In 1969, Cornell University invited “Hans Haacke’s to make 2 artworks. What where they called?
Grass Grows & Ice Rope
In 1971, Hans Haacke made an artwork titled “Shapolsky” that was removed from the museum 6 weeks before it opened. What was the artwork about?
146 apartments in New York, detailing New York Biggest Slumlords.
The “Artwork” ‘MoMA Poll’ By Hans Haacke employs watches to vote “yes” or “no” to a question about…?
New York’s then governor. his Southeast Asian policies. & the relation between the museum & US politics
Hans Haacke’s artworks employ nature to help make it. However nature isn’t always controllable in that matter. One failed artworks was entitled “Ice Rope” where…
He intended water from the waterfall to fall on & freeze the rope. Unfortunately it didn’t work
Where was Nancy Holt born?
Nancy Holt (1938–2014) was born in Worcester,
Massachusetts.
Where was Nancy Holt raised?
New Jersey
What did Nancy Holt study at Tufts University?
Biology
Who is Nancy Holt’s husband?
Robert Smithson
Sun Tunnels is an example of what art movement?
Outdoor Earthworks of the Land art movement.
What do “Sun Tunnels” consist of?
It consists of four large concrete cylinders set into the Great Basin Desert in Utah, configured in the shape of an “X” that measures eighty-six feet on the diagonal.
What magazine issue the essay “Sun Tunnels” by Nancy Holt?
Artforum magazine
When was the magazine “Sun Tunnels” by Nancy Holt published?
1977
How many years did it took Nancy Holt to plan and execute the artwork “Sun Tunnels”?
It took Holt three years to plan and execute.
When and where was Mark Dion (the artist behind our selected artwork “A Meter of Jungle”) born?
he was born in 1961 in New Bedford, Massachusetts
Similarly to Hans Haake, what was Mark Dione (the artist behind our selected artwork “A Meter of Jungle”) concerned with?
histories of museum display
Who did Mark Dion (the artist behind our selected artwork “A Meter of Jungle”) meeting in the 1980s’ at the Independent Study Program of Whitney Museum of American Art in New York? They studied together as well.
Hans Haake
A Meter of Jungle (our selected art work by Mark Dione) was a contribution to what exhibition in 1992?
Arte Amazonas at Rio de Janeiro’s Museu de Arte Moderna
What did the work for creating A Meter of Jungle by Mark Dion entail?
transplanting a section of the Amazon rainforest floor to the gallery of the Arte Amazonas at Rios de Janeiro’s Museum de Arte Moderna in 1992 and sifting through the soil very closely to identify insects
What natural historian is A Meter of Jungle by Mark Dione inspired by?
William Bebe; who had filled a “war-bag” with leaves, sticks, moss, earth, and different types of mold from the Brazilian rainforest to dissect during his boat ride back to New York
As an employee of the New York Zoological Park (now the Bronx Zoo), what did William Bebe (the man who inspired Mark Dion’s A Meter of Jungle) found?
it was called the Department of Tropical Research
What has Mark Dion (the artist behind our selected work A Meter of Jungle) been recognzed for?
conceptual art projects grounded in environmental concerns
What did the display of Mark Dion’s A Meter of Jungle coincided with?
the United Nations “Earth Summit” in Rio de Janeiro in 1992
Meter of Jungle is an artwork rooted in the belief that ___.
building a responsible future involves working through the challenging legacies of the environmental past
Who was a reference point for Mark Dion’s A Meter of Jungle?
William Beebe
Who’s work is ecology fundamental for?
Mark Dion
What do critiques say about Mark Dion’s work?
that its antiquated passion for “natural history” or strictly an activist call to action.
What does Dion do that provides a vies of the 1990s ecology politics?
his extended treatment of the tropical rainforest
When do the tropics first appear on Dion’s work?
1989
What does the piece “Tropical Rainforest Preserves” look like?
a library like cart
With who did Dion collaborate with to make “Tropical Rainforest Preserves”
William Schefferine
Dion created A Meter of Jungle in the context of what?
a United Nations “Earth Summit” in Rio de Janeiro in 1992
When was Pierre Huyghe born
1962
Where does Pierre Huyghe study?
Nationale Supérieure des art Décoratifs
When did Pierre Huyghe international first appear internationally
1990s
Who did Pierre Huyghe co-authorship “No-Ghost just a shell” with
Philippe Parreno.
What is Pierre Huyghe ethnicity
French
Which major character did Pierre Huyghe buy the intellectual property to
Annlee
When did Pierre Huyghe make “the third memory”
1999
When was “Untitled” made
2011-2012
Which international Documenta was “Untitled made for
the 13th
Which three writers, wrote about their experience of nature from a solitary perspective?
Thoreau, Muir, and Leopold,
What ethnicity is Alma Woodsey Thomas?
African-American
Howl old was Thomas when she moved to Washington D.C.?
16
What university did Thomas receive her fine arts degree?
Harvard
Where was Thomas a teacher?
Shaw Junior High School
What year did Alma Thomas a full time artist?
1960
in 1972 where was Thomas’s art exhibited?
Whitney Museum of American Art
Thomas is the first black woman to do what?
one-person exhibition at that institution.
Where was Ana Mendieta born?
Ana Mendieta (1948–85) was born in Havana, Cuba.
Why did Ana Mendieta left Cuba in 1961?
She left the island in 1961 following the Cuban Revolution through Operation Pedro Pan.
What is Operation Pedro pan? (From Untitled…Series)
An American government program run by Catholic Charities, which managed to transport 14,000 unaccompanied children out of Fidel Castro’s Cuba to the United States.
What university did Ana Mendiete get her Bachelor’s and Master of art degree in painting?
University of Iowa
What did Grass on Women by Ana Mendieta consisted of?
In Grass on Woman (1972), Mendieta lay face-down in the grass and partially covered herself with more cut grass,
What does “Feathers on Women” by Ana Mendieta consisted of?
In works like Feathers on Woman of 1972, she covered her naked body
with chicken feathers to transform herself into the Mesoamerican feathered serpent Quetzalcoatl.
What does “Chicken Piece” by Ana Mendieta consists of?
In Chicken Piece she carried out a ritualistic performance with the blood of a decapitated chicken, rendering her body an extreme expressionistic action painting and evoking both Cuban Santería rituals and the radical performances of other post-World War II artists such as Carolee Schneemann, Chris Burden, and the Viennese Actionists, who incorporated elements of danger, bodily fluids, and slain animals in many of their performances.
What did the “Silueta” series by Ana Mendieta consisted of?
Consisted of traced or sculpted outlines of Mendieta’s body on the ground using various materials and methods that include ignited gunpowder, leaves, grass, mud, stones, other natural elements, and cloth.
What type of marks were left by Ana Mendieta as sign of movement and presence?
In some works, she occasionally left additional marks of her movement and presence, such as handprints.
When was Rebecca Belmore born
1960
Where is Rebecca Belmore from
Ontario Canada
What First nation is Rebecca Belmore part of
Lac Seul
What city did Rebecca Belmore move to with a primarily white school
Thunder Bay
What collage did Rebecca Belmore go to
Ontario collage of art
What school did Rebecca Belmore get honored with a membership
Royal canadian Academy of arts
When was “Ayum-ee-aawach Oomama-mowan:Speaking to your mother” made
1991
What years did Rebecca Belmore take “Ayum-ee-aawach Oomama-mowan:Speaking to your mother” across the USA and Canada
2002 and 2006
What type of art is “Ayum-ee-aawach Oomama-mowan:Speaking to your mother”
A sculpture (there is also an audio with the same name)
Rebecca Belmore originally created our selected artwork Ayum-ee-aawach Oomama mowan: Speaking to their Mother in 1991 as a response to what? Describe this event.
a 78 day political standoff (known as the Oka Crisis or Kanesatake Resistance) that lasted from July 11 to September 26, 1990 in which a group of 55 Indigenous Mohawk tribe people protested in the Kahnawake reserve in Quebec in an attempt to block the construction of a golf course and townhomes on the land (ownership disputed) that contained a burial ground
How did the Oka Crisis (aka Kanesatake Resistance), which inspired Rebecca Belmore to create our selected artwork Ayum-ee-aawach Oomama mowan: Speaking to Their Mother, end?
with the Canadian Army of more than two thousand soldiers arriving, the government then bought the land and ceased property construction, however, it was designated as a territory of the Mohawk reserve.
What is Rebecca Belmore’s Ayum-ee-aawach Oomama-mowan: Speaking to Their Mother made of?
it is a cone made of wood and animal hide measuring six feet wide and seven feet long and will occasionally include an electronic megaphone attached to one end
Rebecca Belmore’s Ayum-ee-aawach Oomama-mowan amplifies the voice how many times?
nine times
Who is the intended audience of Rebecca Belmore’s Ayum-ee-aawach Oomama-mowan: Speaking to Their Mother when speaking into it?
the land (which Belmore, like Ana Mendiata, addresses as being maternal)
Why was 1992 a particularly important year in regards to Rebecca Belmore’s Ayum-ee-aawach Oomama-mowan: Speaking to Their Mother (in 1992 and 1996 Belmore took Speaking to Their Mother across Canada and the United States)?
it was important for addressing ongoing Indigenous social and environmental issues as it marked the 500th anniversary of Christopher Columbus’s first landing in the Americas and the beginning of European colonization
What term did Vanessa watts coin to describe the notion that the land had a conscious of its own in regards to Rebecca Belmore’s Ayum–ee-aawach Oomama-mowan: Speaking to Their Mother?
“place-thought”
What type of art is Rebecca Belmore most associated with? She is the artist behind our selected work: Ayum-ee-aawach Oomama-mowan: Speaking to Their Mother
performance art
What are the three debated starting points for the Anthropocene? (Hint: two were mentioned in the Social Science packet)
it began with the onset of the Industrial Revolution, Great Acceleration, or that European colonization which was centuries earlier) was a key development that triggered activities that would lead to the current climate crisis
Where were the boxes in the piece ‘See Saw’ buried?
Houston’s Hermann Park
Where did Mel Chin attend college?
Peabody College of Vanderbilt University
Where would viewers look at Unmoored?
floating above Times Square
Why did Mel Chin create ‘See Saw’ of 1976?
To encourage social interaction
How is Revival Field different from other site-based earthworks?
It also effectively improves the ecological condition of that place
Who is featured in the film ‘The Arctic Is’ of 2015?
Jens Danielson
Where does Jens Danielson’s pull a dog sled in “The Arctic Is’ of 2015?
The streets of Paris, France, and along the bank of Seine River
How deep is the water in ‘Unmoored’?
26 feet deep
Which film did Al Gore make and star in?
An Inconvenient Truth
The artist of “Shea Cobb with her Mother… (1982) is a African-American Artist and activist. Where was she born and when?
Braddock, Pennsylvania in 1982
What are are Latoya Ruby Frazier’s practices. (She is the creator of “Shea Obb with Her Mother…”)
Her Practices centered on photography (She got her Master of Fine Arts degree in Photography 2007), but also included; video, performance, installation, and artist’s books
What issues does Frazier’s professional practices engage?
Social justice in the American experience, particular on communities within the Rust Belt
Latoya Ruby Frazier, the Artist of “Shea Cobb with her Mother… (1982) wrote a book prize that was awarded “Inaugural awardee of the Golden Parks Foundation/Steidl”. Which one of her works gave her this award and what did it address?
“Flint Is Family In Three Acts” addresses the struggle of working-class families during the water crisis in Flint Michigan
What does Latoya Ruby Frazier’s early project “A Notion of Family (2001-14)” reveal?
Which ways she draws upon the interpersonal closeness of her family album, as a means to explore and critique broader cultural and systemic issues. The series was photographed in her hometown Braddock and includes family members in domestic environments along with images of decrepit buildings falling apart.
Frazier’s project “Notion of Family (2001-14)” includes decrepit buildings as one of the many aspects. The example listed, collapsed during 1980s. What was the example listed and how did it affect the population”
“The Edgar Thomson Steel Works” it collapsed due to severe pay cuts, layoffs, and contraction. This collapse contributed to 90% reduction of Braddock’s population.
Frazier’s 2014 book “A Notion of Family” provided brief discriptions next to her photographs, noting challanges. What’s an example of a challange noted down.
Her Mother’s battle against the effects of long-term exposure to toxic metals
What University did Latoya Ruby Frazier get her Master of Fine Arts Degree?
Syracuse University in 2007
Latoya Ruby Frazier, the Artist of “Shea Cobb with her Mother… (1982), Now is a professor at what institute?
Art Institute of Chicago
Where does Pierre Huyghe currently live and practice?
New York City
Where was Pierre Huyghe born?
Paris, France
What was the title “No Ghost Just a Shell” inspired by?
1995 Japanese animated film Ghost in the Shell
What is “Annlee”?
A generic Japanese manga character.
What else has the company that made “Annlee” developed?
Stock characters
What are the stock characters made by the company that made “Annlee” used for?
Narrative cartoons, advertisements, and video games.
Where did Huyghe and Parreno find “Annlee”?
The artists found Annlee in a mail-order catalogue on sale for forty-six thousand yen (approximately four hundred US dollars).
What did Huyghe and Parreno make several of that featured “Annlee”?
Working as a creative pair, Huyghe and Parreno
created several animated videos featuring Annlee.
Where did Huyghe and Parreno display their animated videos featuring Annlee?
Galleries and museums.
Alma Thomas’s painting Snoopy–Early Sun Display on Earth is characteristic by what?
an abstract and colourful composition
When was Alma Thomas born?
1891
When did Alma Thomas die?
1978
When did the First Lady Ladybird Johnson speaks at a conference on the Beautification of Washington, D.C.?
In 1965
Who wrote “Black Ecology”?
Nathan Hare
When was “Black Ecology” written?
1970
What two acts followed up “The Clean Air Act of 1963”?
The Wilderness Act (1964) and the creation of two National Parks, North Cascades and Redwood (1968).
What is Alma Thomas’s painting Snoopy–Early Sun Display on Earth characteristic of?
their ethical orientation hadn’t
What series does Snoopy–Early Sun Display on Earth belong to?
“Space Paintings”
What series was created at the same time of “Space Paintings”?
“Earth Paintings”
Thomas’s abstract paintings do not belong to contemporary eco art because___
their ethical orientation hadn’t yet fully formed.
In which decade did artists start to think of artworks as an ecosystem?
1960s
What substance did the Harrisons NOT use in Making Earth?
a. peat moss
b. sand
c. cow manure
d. leaf material
e. sewage sludge
peat moss
At which exhibition was Shrimp Farm performed?
“Arts and Technology”
How many pounds of salt water did the Harrisons use for Notations of the Ecosystem of the Western Salt Works?
four
How do the “Survival” works highlight interrelations among organisms and livable climate conditions?
creating highly specific and localized living conditions
What fallacy did the “Survival” works demonstrate?
They were too temporary to accurately depict any ecosystem.
Which organism’s scientific name is Scylla serrata?
mud crab
How was The Lagoon Cycle different from previous “Survival” works?
It was not limited to a predetermined period of time.
How did the Harrisons simulate monsoon conditions in The Lagoon Cycle?
decreasing salinity and increasing food
How many cycles did The Lagoon Cycle experimentations contain?
seven
Which description BEST describes the text on The Lagoon Cycle?
a. a narration of the life cycle of a crab
b. a story of a crab during monsoon season
c. a description of the life cycle of a crab
d. a dialogue between a crab and a fish
e. a lab report about an experiment about crab reproduction
a dialogue between a crab and a fish
Kinetic Art pieces are set apart from more traditional sculpture by their
inclusion of mechanical parts
Which material was used for the filters in Rhine Water Purification Plant?
sand
Which of the following works did Hans Haacke create first?
a. Condensation Cube
b. Rhine Water Purification Plant
c. MoMA Poll
d. Wave
e. Grass Grows
Condensation Cube
What name did Jack Burnham use to describe the series of works which included Wave?
“Wind and Water Works”
What type of unexpected weather thwarted the construction of Hans Haacke’s Ice Rope?
heat wave
Which interactive element did MoMA Poll include?
audience voting regarding new Southeast Asian Policy
How are MoMA Poll and Shapolsky similar?
Both are institutional critique works.
Which museum notoriously censored and removed some of Hans Haacke’s work?
The Guggenheim Museum, work removed/cancelled was Shapolsky
Which company did Hans Haacke MOST directly connect to the pollution of the Rhine?
The Bayer Group
Nancy Holt collaborated with Robert Smithson to make the tongue-in-cheek film
East Coast/West Coast
Sun Tunnels lies in
Utah’s Great Basin Desert
The diagonal of Sun Tunnels measures closest to
86 feet
Which of the following constellations is NOT represented in Sun Tunnels?
a. Orion
b. Draco
c. Columba
d. Capricorn
e. Perseus
Orion
Robert Smithson died while working on an artwork called
Amarillo Ramp, he was on a helicopter touring the area for his artwork
Which of the following Nancy Holt films honors her late husband Robert Smithson?
Boomerang
In the early 2010s, Sun Tunnels acquired
small, circular markings, many believe these came from gunshots
With which of the following statements would Nancy Holt MOST agree?
a. Art installations should be temporary to avoid long-term environmental impact.
b. Earthworks should not make significant changes to their landscapes.
c. Artworks should be preserved in their exact original state.
d. Art should dominate its environment to make a bold statement.
e. Earthworks should be left to change alongside their surroundings.
Earthworks should be left to change alongside their surroundings.
The site of Dark Star Park, located in Arlington County, once housed a(n)
gas station and warehouse
How does Dark Star Park connect to its environment?
It has shadow markers that temporarily align with actual shadows
Why was August 1 significant to Nancy Holt when making Dark Star Park?
It was the date Rosslyn was founded
A viewer watching the interviews in The Making of Dark Star Park learns MOST about
its emphasis on collaboration
Sun Tunnels and Dark Star Park are connected to all of the following elements EXCEPT
a. time cycles
b. conservationism
c. local businesses
d. the land art movement
e. celestial bodies
conservationism
Where did Mark Dion complete his independent study program?
The Whitney Museum of American Art
What type of tree did Neukom Vivarium use?
60 foot hemlock tree
With which artist did Mark Dion collaborate to create Mildred’s Lane?
J. Morgan Puett
What did Mark Dion spend days cataloging in the performance component of A Meter of Jungle?
invertebrates
What component of A Meter of Jungle still exists today?
a photograph of the land plot
In which city did A Meter of Jungle debut?
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in 1992
Where did Mark Dion acquire the material for The N.Y. Bureau of Tropical Conservation?
Orinoco Valley, Venezuela
Which field of science is MOST related to A Meter of Jungle?
Entomology
Which artwork did Mark Dion create FIRST?
a. On Tropical Nature
b. Tropical Rainforest Preserves
c. The N.Y. Bureau of Tropical Conservation
d. Neukom Vivarium
e. A Meter of Jungle
Tropical Rainforest Preserves in 1989
How many sculptures did Mark Dion construct using the samples gathered as a part of On Tropical Nature?
four, each belonging to a different museum
Criticisms of Mark Dion’s work often described it as being
antiquated exercise in natural history
Which ecological crisis MOST directly threatened Antarctica in the 1980s?
the ozone hole
Which group hosted the “Earth Summit” of 1992 in Rio de Janeiro?
The United Nations
In artist statements and interviews, Mark Dion connects his environmental work to the social issue of
colonialism
Where does Pierre Huyghe currently live?
New York City
Who commissioned The Third Memory?
The Renaissance Society at the University of Chicago
Which bank was the victim of the heist featured in The Third Memory?
Chase bank in Brooklyn
Which actor starred in the film that The Third Memory drew scenes from?
Al Pacino in the film Dog Day Afternoon
Where did Huyghe and Parreno first encounter the character Annlee?
a mail-order catalog of characters
How did No Ghost Just a Shell end?
Huyghe and Parreno sold the rights to the character, Annlee, so that they would no longer be in the public domain
Which book does Smile without a Cat reference?
Alice in Wonderland
In which medium did Pierre Huyghe PRIMARILY practice in during the beginning of his career?
film
Which feature of a biennial exhibition separates it from a traditional art fair?
The art is owned independently and not for sale.
Which of the following cities holds the most influential biennial exhibition?
Gwangju, Venice, Sao Paulo, New York City, and Istanbul
Which historical event MOST directly contributed to the founding of the Kassel Documenta?
World War 2
Which challenge would a visitor to Untilled MOST likely face?
The exhibit was difficult to find asit’s within Karlsaue Park
Which of the following elements was NOT a part of Untilled?
a. an oak tree
b. a live, white dog
c. piles of concrete bricks
d. a kettle drum
e. a sculpture of a nude woman
piles of concrete bricks
Which element of Untilled was MOST consistent with Huyghe’s earlier work?
its incorporation of work not made by the artist
Which artist was known for his pieces composed purely of found objects?
Marcel Duchamp, who pioneered the “Readymade”
What is a common theme throughout Helen and Newton Harrison’s career?
Their artwork had a tangible impact on the environment.
How did Shrimp Farm differ from previous environmental artworks?
It consciously involved the interactivity of the ecosystems.
Hans Haacke played a critical role in all of the following contemporary art movements EXCEPT
a. Land art
b. conceptual art
c. video art
d. institutional critique
e. kinetic art
video art
How did Haacke engage with the idea of ecological systems in his earlier works like Condensation Cube?
by enclosing systems within the material of his artwork
What issues did Haacke address in Rhine Water Purification Plant?
urban infrastructure
Holt’s later works like Dark Star Parks reflect her sustained commitment to
working with communities
Mark Dion’s career reflects an interest in
the techniques of museum displays
Dion created A Meter of Jungle to explore the issue of
deforestation in Brazil
Pierre Huyghe’s art often blurs the boundary between
artistic creations and real life
What open-source project did Huyghe create through co-authorship with many artists?
No Ghost Just a Shell
How does Untilled represent a turning point in Huyghe’s career?
It marks a shift towards producing contemporary eco art.
The perspective of Henry David Thoreau’s writings can best be described as
solitary and retrospective viewpoint
From which of the following colleges did Alma Thomas graduate?
Howard University
The acronym NASA stand for
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Which type of flower was included in Alma Thomas’s “Earth Paintings” series?
cherry blossom, azaleas, and irises
Why are Alma Thomas’s paintings not considered true eco art?
Their ethical orientation was not fully formed.
Alma Thomas borrowed the name “Snoopy” for her painting Snoopy– Early Sun Display on Earth from
a lunar landing module
Approximately how wide are the brushstrokes in Snoopy– Early Sun Display on Earth?
1 inch
What perspective technique does Alma Thomas use in Snoopy– Early Sun Display on Earth?
ambiguous depth, to create the appearance that the earth is small and close at hand as well as large and far away
Which city did Lady Bird Johnson seek to beautify through increased natural spaces?
Washington D.C.
Redwood National park was created by the same president as
North Cascades National Park, by President Lyndon B. Johnson
Which president passed the Wilderness Act?
Lyndon B. Johnson who also passed the Clean Air Act
Which environmentalist published the Whole Earth Catalog?
Stewart Brand, starting in 1968
In what year did Nathan Hare write “Black Ecology”?
1970, Black Ecology serves as one of the foundational documents of the environmental justice movement
The movement which seeks to combat the racial effects of ecological threats is known as
environmental justice
What was Mendieta’s sister’s name?
Raquelin
Which state did Mendieta live in after leaving her homeland?
Iowa
Why did Mendieta draw on both North American and Cuban aesthetics for her multimedia works?
to bridge the painful divide in her cultures
Which two concepts did Mendieta explore when she first shifted her focus to performance art?
gender and identity
Which work foreshadowed Mendieta’s “Silueta” series?
Grass on Woman, where Mendieta lays face-down in grass and covered herself with cut grass
Which year did Mendieta create Feathers on Woman?
1972
Which influence did Mendieta NOT use for Chicken Piece?
Columbian cultural sites
Which Mexican city prompted Mendieta to rediscover her connection to her hometown?
Oaxaca
Which setting did Mendieta use for Flowers on Body?
an archaeological site
Which concept is LEAST present in “Siluetas?”
a. permanence
b. nature
c. culture
d. femininity
e. home
permanence
Which influence did Mendieta say was the strongest for “Siluetas?”
leaving her homeland
Mendieta criticized other Earthwork artists for their
disruptive art, their artwork being permanent and environmentally disruptive
Which power did Mendieta refer to as “magic?”
spirituality
Which concept did Mendieta NOT explore in her works?
a. violence
b. culture
c. wealth
d. death
e. performance
wealth
What language does the Lac Seul First Nation speak?
Anishinaabe
In which Canadian city did Rebecca Belmore attend high school?
Thunder Bay, Ontario
With which type of art is Rebecca Belmore MOST associated?
performance
Which tribe was involved in the Kanesatake Resistance?
Mohawk
Why did the Oka Crisis come to an end?
The federal government purchased the land.
By what factor is it estimated that Ayum-ee-aawatch Oomama-mowan: Speaking to their Mother can amplify sounds?
nine times
Which of the following materials was used in the construction of Ayum-ee-aawatch Oomama-mowan: Speaking to their Mother?
animal hide wrapped around a wooden shell
Who was the intended audience of Ayum-ee-aawatch Oomama-mowan: Speaking to their Mother?
the land itself
How is Rebecca Belmore’s work similar to that of Ana Mendieta?
It referred to the land as maternal.
Which term did scholar Vanessa Watts coin to describe the notion that the land had a consciousness of its own?
“place-thought”
The geological era caused by human activity is called the
Anthropocene
Which term refers to the period in the mid-20th century when carbon emissions dramatically increased?
The Great Acceleration
Which of the following is NOT a location of the installation of Wave Sounds?
a. Gros Morne National Park
b. Georgian Bay National Park
c. Banff National Park
d. Waterton Lakes National Park
e. Pukaskwa National Park
Waterton Lakes National Park
Which scholar stated that “Belmore’s work concerns not only what we hear, but how we might truly listen to those sounds”?
Canice Hopkins
Which of the following organizations awarded Mel Chin a fellowship to recognize his artwork?
the MacArthur Fellows Program
Mel Chin practices in all of the following artistic mediums EXCEPT
a. film
b. ceramics
c. animation
d. performance
e. earthworks
ceramics
See-Saw would best be considered a part of
Minimalism, as only tow boxes make up the only visible portion of the sculpture
What is the PRIMARY function of See-Saw?
encouraging social interaction among viewers
To which television show did The GALA Committee contribute artwork?
Melrose Place, contributing 200 objects
What was the purpose of the funds raised by the auction of the GALA Committee’s artwork?
to donate to education charities
Which disaster prompted the creation of the Fundred Project?
Hurricane Katrina, with the crisis of lead-poisoned water after the hurricane
Approximately how many collaborators worked on the Fundred Project?
Nearly 500,000
Revival Field PRIMARILY focuses on
problems of industrial pollution
Which aspect of Revival Field separates it from earlier Earthwork projects?
its ecological improvements to the land it was on
What is the primary focus of Chin’s film The Arctic Is?
the dire effects of climate change
Which of the following cities does Jens Danielson NOT describe as being the Arctic?
a. Dallas
b. Helsinki
c. Jakarta
d. London
e. Beijing
London
Where would viewers look at Unmoored?
floating above Times Square, using a smartphone app
Why does Unmoored depict New York as being underwater?
to represent the effects of melting ice caps
Which university did Layota Ruby Frazier attend?
Edinboro University in Pennsylvania
The Rust Belt is named for
a period of sharp economic downturn
Which artist does Layota Ruby Frazier cite as an inspiration for her Flint is Family in Three Acts series?
Gordon Parks
What mineral is used in the daguerreotype process?
silver
How does Frazier’s A Notion of Family series defy traditional notions of family albums?
It critiques border systemic issues.
By what percent did the population of Braddock, PA decline following the closure of the steel mill?
90%
How does Frazier’s A Notion of Family series differ from the Great Depression photographs of Arthur Rothstein?
Frazier sought permission from subjects.
Which of the following photographers was included in the Family of Man exhibition?
Gordon Parks
Which body of water supplied Flint’s drinking water before 2014?
Lake Huron
Why was Flint’s water dangerous to residents?
high lead content
Where is the Cobb family ancestral home located?
Mississippi
How does Act III of Flint is Family differ from the other two?
It is in color.
How were funds from Flint is Family used to help the people of Flint?
They helped purchase an atmospheric water generator for safer drinking water.
Alma Thomas’s Snoopy is BEST described as
colorful and abstract
Alma Thomas’s Snoopy connects
a city’s beautification and the first pictures of the earth from space
Which of the following materials does NOT appear in Ana Mendieta’s “Silueta” series?
a. gunpowder
b. plastic
c. stones
d. cloth
e. grass
plastic
Rebecca Belmore became the first Indigenous person chosen to
represent Canada at the Venice Biennale
Which of the following pieces did the performance art movement MOST influence?
a. Flint is Family
b. Unmoored
c. Speaking to their Mother
d. Snoopy
e. the Silueta series
Speaking to their Mother
Speaking to their Mother toured the United States and Canada on the anniversary of
Christopher Columbus’s landing in the Americas
Both Speaking to their Mother and Flint is Family address the issue of
social inequality
Which of the following artworks showcases a linguistic playfulness in its title?
a. Unmoored
b. Revival Field
c. Fundred Project
d. See-Saw
e. In the Name of Place
See-Saw
With which of the following statements would Mel Chin MOST agree?
a. Ecological problems do not require expensive solutions.
b. Large-scale earthworks are best at creating social change.
c. An artist’s background is the biggest influence on their work.
d. Art should be a two-way conversation between artist and subject.
e. Earthworks should not alter their environment.
Ecological problems do not require expensive solutions.
